Enthalpies of formation in the systems tantalum-sulfur and tantalum-aluminum

The enthalpies of formation of selected intermediate phases in the binary systems Ta-S and(, )Ta-Al were determined via thermochemical measurements at(, )\u3e1000(DEGREES)C. The measurements of partial pressures of sulfur species were(, )accomplished by the mass loss variation of the Knudsen effusion method and led to the following (DELTA)H(,f,298)(DEGREES) values: Ta(,2)S: -41.8 kcal/mole, Ta(,6)S: -48.6. Partial pressures of Al over condensed Ta-Al phases were obtained by the coupled mass loss-mass spectrometric version of Knudsen effusion, resulting in enthalpies of formation of: TaAl(,3): -22.7 kcal/mole, Ta(,2)Al(,3): -22.6, Ta(,2)Al: -8.2, Ta(,4)Al: -10.4. Estimated error is (+OR-)0.7 kcal/mole atoms in all cases;Data analysis leading to these values demonstrated agreement with the Neumann-Kopp rule for heat capacities of solid compounds in the Ta-Al system but not for Ta-S phases. In the latter case, a derived set of free energy function values for Ta-S, required for agreement of 2nd law and 3rd law determinations of reaction enthalpies, was assessed as physically reasonable when compared to values for the component elements;Enthalpies of atomization for phases in each system were compared to those of chemically similar phases and were seen to be consistent with composition. Comparisons between the two systems suggest that Ta-S interactions are stronger than Ta-Al interactions in energetic terms, and a tentative explanation is proposed;Evaluations of bond strengths and stabilities in transition metal sulfides and aluminides in general were based on features of the models proposed by Brewer and Engel and by Miedema. The relevance and adequacy of these models are discussed as applied to;the systems in question, and reasons for deviations from predictions by the models are proposed; (\u271)DOE Report IS-T-1135. This work was performed under contract No. W-7405-Eng-82 with the U.S. Department of Energy

The western economy in the 80s

Federal Reserve District, 12th ; Economic conditions - West (U.S.)

Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Meeting, Southern Soybean Disease Workers (March 2-3, 2005, Scottsdale, Arizona)

Contents Southern Soybean Disease Workers 2004 treasury report Southern United States Soybean Disease Loss Estimates for 2004. Compiled by SR Koenning Initial Discovery of Asian Soybean Rust in Louisiana in 2004 and Lessons for 2005. RW Schneider, CA Hollier, and HK Wbitam Efficacy of myclobutanil for control of Asian soybean rust in Brazil (2004). MT Iarnauti, NA Alvarenga, JA Rosseto, GR Tofoli, BD Olson, DG Ouimette, and DC Ruen. Flutriafol - a triazole fungicide giving strong curative action and persistence of effect against Asian soybean rust. T Baker and R Noon Cherninova Experience in Use of Syngenta Fungicides for Controlling Soybean Rust in Brazil and Expectations for the US. A Tally, E Guicherit, and S Paiva The Role of Forecasting Long Distance Spore Movement in Managing the Potential 2005 Soybean Rust Epidemic. CE Main, T Keever, SR Koenning, G Holmes, and R Magarey The Role of the National Plant Diagnostic Network Laboratories in Asian Soybean Rust Diagnosis. CL Harmon Impact ofQuadris® Plus Warrior®Tank Mix on Soybean Yield in Kentucky. DE Hershman, DW Johnson, and JH Herbek Evaluation of Soybean Varieties and Germplasm Lines to Soil Water-logging. JG Shannon, G Stevens, and WJ Wiebold Replacing Races: Adaptation of the Soybean Cyst Nematode HG Type Test for Practical Applications. TL Niblack, GR Noel, and JP Bond Fungicide Efficacy and Application Timing for Control of Frogeye Leaf Spot of Soybean caused by Cercospora sojina. MA Newman, W Percell, and W Crowder Characterization of Cercospora sojina Isolates and Germplasm Evaluation. AK Gregor, CM Vick, JP Bond, ME Schmidt, JA Wrather, and JG Shannon Integration of Soybean. Rust Control into a Late Season Foliar Fungicide Program. GL Sciumbato, DH Poston, WF Moore, BL Spinks, and MA Blaine Simulation of Spore Trajectories to Identify Potential Pathways of Soybean Rust in the Continental US. KS Kim, Z Pan, and XB Yang Periods from initial infection to detectable levels of soybean rust in early stages of disease development. X Li, AP Dias, XB Yang Analysis of Regional Onset of Asian Soybean Rust Outbreaks In South America. ED Ponte and XB Yang A Critical Monthly Rainfall Model for Prediction of Asian Soybean Rust Outbreaks. ED Ponte, X Li, and XB Yang A 2-Year Study of Foliar Fungicides in Mississippi Soybeans. BL Spinks, DH Poston, GL Sciumbato, and MA Blaine Proceedings of the Southern Soybean Disease Workers are published annually by the Southern Soybean Disease Workers. Text, references, figures, and tables are reproduced as they were submitted by authors. The opinions expressed by the participants at this conference are their own and do not necessarily represent those of the Southern Soybean Disease Workers. Mention of a trademark or proprietary products in this publication does not constitute a guarantee, warranty, or endorsement of that product by the Southern Soybean Disease Workers

Ultrafast time-gated ballistic-photon imaging and shadowgraphy in optically dense rocket sprays

Time-gated ballistic-photon imaging is a form of shadowgraphy in which an ultrashort, optical-Kerreffect (order 2 ps) time gate is used to enhance the relative intensity of ballistic versus multiply scattered photons. In the current work, this technique is adapted for what is believed to be the first time for use in the moderately dense environment (optical density ∼1:5 to 2) of a high-speed 5 to 15mm diameter rocket spray to improve image contrast and observe liquid-breakup phenomena. Unlike coherence gating, which is another form of ballistic imaging, the time-gating approach allows sufficient signal levels from ballistic and near-ballistic photons to enable time-resolved single-shot imaging. Direct comparisons with non-time-gated shadowgraphy indicate that the two techniques are sensitive to different features of the flowfield, with regions composed of a dense field of droplets being highly attenuated in conventional shadowgrams but appearing transparent to ballistic photons. This enables significant image contrast enhancement (∼6:6∶1) of liquid-core structures and facilitates improved understanding of the primary and secondary breakup processes in sprays of moderate optical density

The Relationship of Personality Style and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children

Introduction. This study was to identify personality correlates ofchildren with a diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder(ADHD). The Jungian Personality Type dimensions primarilyconsidered were Sensing/Intuiting and Perceiving/Judging.A Sensing child is likely to be very present-centered. A Perceivingchild tends to be curious and resist order and structure. Methods. Children attending a general pediatric clinic with a diagnosisof ADHD were eligible to participate. Enrolled childrenwere administered the Murphy-Meisgeier Type Indicator forChildren. Binomial tests were performed comparing Perceivingand Sensing personality components to accepted population rates. Results. Participants (n = 117) were predominantly male(78%) with a median age of 10 years. The Sensing trait (72%)was more prevalent than expected, though prevalence for thePerceiving trait (44%) did not differ from population rates. Conclusions. Personality types occasioned with the diagnosisof ADHD could be useful in establishing/normalizingtreatment regimens and approaches to assist thesechildren and their families better. KS J Med 2017;10(2):26-29

Exploring the financial and investment implications of the Paris Agreement

A global energy transition is underway. Limiting warming to 2°C (or less), as envisaged in the Paris Agreement, will require a major diversion of scheduled investments in the fossil-fuel industry and other high-carbon capital infrastructure towards renewables, energy efficiency, and other low or negative carbon technologies. The article explores the scale of climate finance and investment needs embodied in the Paris Agreement. It reveals that there is little clarity in the numbers from the plethora of sources (official and otherwise) on climate finance and investment. The article compares the US$100 billion target in the Paris Agreement with a range of other financial metrics, such as investment, incremental investment, energy expenditure, energy subsidies, and welfare losses. While the relatively narrowly defined climate finance included in the US$100 billion figure is a fraction of the broader finance and investment needs of climate-change mitigation and adaptation, it is significant when compared to some estimates of the net incremental costs of decarbonization that take into account capital and operating cost savings. However, even if the annual US$100 billion materializes, achieving the much larger implied shifts in investment will require the enactment of long-term internationally coordinated policies, far more stringent than have yet been introduced.</i