Interdependence Day and Magna Charta: James Hamilton's public diplomacy in the Angloworld, 1907-1940s

This article discusses the use of the Magna Charta as a universal symbol of democracy in the Anglo-world in the early twentieth century. It focuses on the role played by one group, the International Magna Charta Day Association (IMCDA), in a global movement to unite and educate the English-speaking peoples through the promotion of the great charter. In searching for a worldwide Anglo-Saxon patriotism, this society promoted strong connections and the laudation of what it called ‘Interdependence Day’. This article concludes that although the IMCDA may have been only one element in the widening and strengthening of Anglo- world connections, it was an important one that has been previously neglected

Antioxidant effectiveness of vegetable powders on the lipid and protein oxidative stability of cooked Turkey meat patties : implications for health

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Paradigms of public-private partnerships in end-stage renal disease care: The National Kidney Foundation Singapore

Paradigms of public-private partnerships in end-stage renal disease care: The National Kidney Foundation Singapore. Novel forms of funding chronic renal replacement therapy and other chronic kidney disease programs are urgently required in order to address the increasing global burden of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). For areas of infectious disease control in less-developed countries, the formation of public-private partnerships has successfully yielded short-term improvement in clinical outcomes. This article reviews the concept of public-private partnerships and its various formats. We argue that similar partnerships play an important role in addressing the public health problem of chronic kidney disease. Through its establishment of numerous paradigms of partnerships with private for-profit corporations in building a nationwide chronic dialysis program and through partnerships with other non-governmental institutions and healthcare institutions in order to create a new entity characterized by a separate management structure, the NKFS has been able to provide chronic dialysis care to over 70% of the country's total ESRD population. This extensive network of partnerships is currently being applied as the NKFS continues to expand its programs to focus on the prevention of chronic kidney disease at a nationwide level

Implications of climate change for expanding cities worldwide

This paper analyses the trends of the changing environmental effects within growing megacities as their diameters exceed 50–100 km and their populations rise beyond 30 million people. The authors consider how these effects are influenced by climate change, to which urban areas themselves contribute, caused by their increasing greenhouse gas emissions associated with rapidly expanding energy use. Other environmental and social factors are assessed, quantitatively and qualitatively, using detailed modelling of urban mesoscale meteorology, which shows how these factors can lead to large conurbations becoming more vulnerable to climatic and environmental hazards. The paper discusses the likely changes in meteorological and hydrological hazards in urban areas, both as the climate changes and the sizes of urban areas grow. Examples are given of how these risks are being reduced through innovations in warning and response systems, planning and infrastructure design, which should include refuges against extreme natural disasters. Policies are shown to be more effective when they are integrated and based on substantial community involvement. Some conclusions are drawn regarding how policies for the natural and artificial environment and for reducing many kinds of climate and hazard risk are related to future designs and planning of infrastructure and open spaces

Calcium-RasGRP2-Rap1 signaling mediates CD38-induced migration of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells

CD38 is a transmembrane exoenzyme that is associated with poor prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). High CD38 levels in CLL cells are linked to increased cell migration, but the molecular basis is unknown. CD38 produces nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate and adenosine 5′-diphosphate-ribose, both of which can act to increase intracellular Ca2+ levels. Here we show that CD38 expression increases basal intracellular Ca2+ levels and stimulates CLL cell migration both with and without chemokine stimulation. We find that CD38 acts via intracellular Ca2+ to increase the activity of the Ras family GTPase Rap1, which is in turn regulated by the Ca2+-sensitive Rap1 guanine-nucleotide exchange factor RasGRP2. Both Rap1 and RasGRP2 are required for CLL cell migration, and RasGRP2 is polarized in primary CLL cells with high CD38 levels. These results indicate that CD38 promotes RasGRP2/Rap1-mediated CLL cell adhesion and migration by increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels

Cambio de Colores : immigration of Latinos to Missouri : proceedings of the 1st Annual Conference, Columbia, Missouri, March 13-15, 2002

Includes bibliographical references.Conference proceedings from the Cambio de Colores conference.Missouri has a history of diversity in geography, the economy, culture and people. The state is well known for its ability to adapt to the changes required to accommodate this diversity. Among the changes that are occurring is the influx of immigrants from around the world. The changing of the colors of Missouri is, once again, providing a set of challenges to respond to. The most notable change in the faces and colors of Missouri in recent years is the increase of Latino and Hispanic peoples in both rural and urban areas. These new Missourians are contributing significantly to the local and state economy as well as to the social progress of the state. Because these new immigrants speak a different language and represent different cultures and values, we need to acknowledge and welcome their contributions and make an extra effort to weave and integrate them into the rich societal tapestry that results from such a change. Sylvia Lazos and Stephen Jeanetta together have studied and documented the current status of Latino and Hispanic people in the state. This critical and most timely research effort identifies the important issues that businesses, social services and community agencies need to consider in developing appropriate public policy issues that should be addressed. I urge you to use the knowledge included in this monograph to help create a Missouri that values each person and affords the equality of opportunity and individual rights that each person deserves. This is the right thing to do.Includes bibliographical reference

HIV diagnosis disclosure to infected children and adolescents; challenges of family caregivers in the Central Region of Ghana

Background Disclosure of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) to infected older children and adolescents is essential for both personal health maintenance and HIV prevention within the larger population. Non-disclosure of HIV status has been identified as one of the potential barriers to optimum adherence especially in children and adolescents. Like many other countries in the SSA region, Ghana has significant number of children and adolescents infected by HIV, who have increased survival times, due to increased access to ART. However, both family caregivers and healthcare workers face an array of challenges with the disclosure process, including the timing, what information about the child’s HIV status should be shared with him/her and how to go about it. The aim of the study was to identify family caregiver factors associated with non-disclosure of HIV status to infected children and adolescents accessing Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) at the three main ART sites within the Central Region of Ghana. Methods A quantitative analytical survey was conducted among 103 family caregivers of HIV infected children (aged 6–17 years) assessing ART services in the Central Region of Ghana. Data were analyzed using SSPS version 21. Results The age range of caregivers was 20–69 years. The study found a low disclosure rate (23.3%) among caregivers. Majority of the caregivers (80.6%) lacked knowledge on the process of disclosure (how and what to tell child), and majority (64%) also had never received guidance about the disclosure process from their healthcare providers. The main barriers to disclosure were caregiver lack of knowledge regarding the disclosure process and when to disclose, the fear of child’s reaction, and fear of stigmatization and associated negative social consequences. Conclusion These findings suggest a lesser involvement of health care providers in preparing caregivers for the disclosure process. This therefore highlight the need for the National HIV/AIDS/STI Control Program to strengthen the involvement and training of healthcare providers in HIV diagnosis disclosure to infected children, based on context-specific policy guidelines informed by the WHO recommendations

Electrical current is more than hydrogen during microbial electrosynthesis and electrofermentation

C