Monotonicity of saddle maps

We prove an analog of Schoen--Yau univalentness theorem for saddle maps between discs.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure

Correlations and Counting Statistics of an Atom Laser

We demonstrate time-resolved counting of single atoms extracted from a weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate of $^{87}$Rb atoms. The atoms are detected with a high-finesse optical cavity and single atom transits are identified. An atom laser beam is formed by continuously output coupling atoms from the Bose-Einstein condensate. We investigate the full counting statistics of this beam and measure its second order correlation function $g^{(2)}(\tau)$ in a Hanbury Brown and Twiss type experiment. For the monoenergetic atom laser we observe a constant correlation function $g^{(2)}(\tau)=1.00\pm0.01$ and an atom number distribution close to a Poissonian statistics. A pseudo-thermal atomic beam shows a bunching behavior and a Bose distributed counting statistics

Numerical Optimization of Plate-Line Design for Enhanced Wake-Vortex Decay

The design of plate lines as a ground-mounted device for wake-vortex decay enhancement is investigated in this work. The most important design parameters, the aspect ratio and plate distance, are analyzed for the wake vortices generated by two aircraft: the A340 as well as the A380. Large-eddy-simulations are used to simulate the wake-vortex evolution in ground proximity for different parameter combinations. Fully rolled-up wake vortices are initialized using a Lamb–Oseen vortex model resembling the characteristics of the two aircraft. With the stochastic so-called kriging method, estimates of the performance and respective probabilistic envelopes are given for the design parameter region, spanned by the large-eddy-simulation. The vortex circulation averaged over the rapid decay phase is taken as the objective function. The large-eddy-simulation parameters are selected in the vicinity of the expected optimum. An optimal parameter combination can be localized in the A340 case, as well as in the A380 case. For both cases, statistical relevance is provided. Moreover, it can be deduced that the optimal parameters for the A380 are also well suited for smaller aircraft like an A340

SERVICE INNOVATION WITH INFORMATION MARKETS

Assessing innovation alternatives is a difficult task especially in newly upcoming forms of organization like Business Value Networks. This paper highlights the use of Information Markets and discusses state of the art Market Maker models. We designed a Market Maker mechanism in order to enhance liquidity, and hence, efficiency in the market. Therefore, an agent-based simulation as well as a field experiment was run to evaluate the usefulness and performance of Market Maker. It can be shown that the introduction of automated trading techniques increases market efficiency and thus the quality of the forecasting results for service innovation assessment

Wake vortices of landing aircraft

As a consequence of lift generation, flying aircraft generate a complex turbulent wake consisting of flow strkctures. The evolution of the aircraft's wake prior to and directly after touchdown still poses many open questions

Left ventricular heart failure and pulmonary hypertension

In patients with left ventricular heart failure (HF), the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and right ventricular (RV) dysfunction are frequent and have important impact on disease progression, morbidity, and mortality, and therefore warrant clinical attention. Pulmonary hypertension related to left heart disease (LHD) by far represents the most common form of PH, accounting for 65–80% of cases. The proper distinction between pulmonary arterial hypertension and PH-LHD may be challenging, yet it has direct therapeutic consequences. Despite recent advances in the pathophysiological understanding and clinical assessment, and adjustments in the haemodynamic definitions and classification of PH-LHD, the haemodynamic interrelations in combined post- and pre-capillary PH are complex, definitions and prognostic significance of haemodynamic variables characterizing the degree of pre-capillary PH in LHD remain suboptimal, and there are currently no evidence-based recommendations for the management of PH-LHD. Here, we highlight the prevalence and significance of PH and RV dysfunction in patients with both HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and provide insights into the complex pathophysiology of cardiopulmonary interaction in LHD, which may lead to the evolution from a ‘left ventricular phenotype’ to a ‘right ventricular phenotype’ across the natural history of HF. Furthermore, we propose to better define the individual phenotype of PH by integrating the clinical context, non-invasive assessment, and invasive haemodynamic variables in a structured diagnostic work-up. Finally, we challenge current definitions and diagnostic short falls, and discuss gaps in evidence, therapeutic options and the necessity for future developments in this context