On Massive MIMO Physical Layer Cryptosystem

In this paper, we present a zero-forcing (ZF) attack on the physical layer cryptography scheme based on massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO). The scheme uses singular value decomposition (SVD) precoder. We show that the eavesdropper can decrypt/decode the information data under the same condition as the legitimate receiver. We then study the advantage for decoding by the legitimate user over the eavesdropper in a generalized scheme using an arbitrary precoder at the transmitter. On the negative side, we show that if the eavesdropper uses a number of receive antennas much larger than the number of legitimate user antennas, then there is no advantage, independent of the precoding scheme employed at the transmitter. On the positive side, for the case where the adversary is limited to have the same number of antennas as legitimate users, we give an $\mathcal{O}\left(n^2\right)$ upper bound on the advantage and show that this bound can be approached using an inverse precoder.Comment: To be presented at ITW 2015, Jeju Island, South Korea. 6 Pages, 1 Figur

Monitoring spacecraft atmosphere contaminants by laser absorption spectroscopy

Data were obtained which will provide a test of the accuracy of the differential absorption method for trace contaminant detection in many-component gas mixtures. The necessary accurate absorption coefficient determinations were carried out for several gases; acetonitrile, 1,2-dichloroethane, Freon-113, furan, methyl ethyl ketone, and t-butyl alcohol. The absorption coefficients are displayed graphically. An opto-acoustic method was tested for measuring absorbance, similar to the system described by Dewey

Unremarkable AI: Fitting Intelligent Decision Support into Critical, Clinical Decision-Making Processes

Clinical decision support tools (DST) promise improved healthcare outcomes by offering data-driven insights. While effective in lab settings, almost all DSTs have failed in practice. Empirical research diagnosed poor contextual fit as the cause. This paper describes the design and field evaluation of a radically new form of DST. It automatically generates slides for clinicians' decision meetings with subtly embedded machine prognostics. This design took inspiration from the notion of "Unremarkable Computing", that by augmenting the users' routines technology/AI can have significant importance for the users yet remain unobtrusive. Our field evaluation suggests clinicians are more likely to encounter and embrace such a DST. Drawing on their responses, we discuss the importance and intricacies of finding the right level of unremarkableness in DST design, and share lessons learned in prototyping critical AI systems as a situated experience

Afropolitan Space Invading between Neoliberalization and Africanization

Die Dissertation Afropolitan Space Invading between Neoliberalization and Africanization untersucht, wie afropolitische Räume durch Rauminvasoren (sog. „space invaders“) in Romanen erkundet werden. Ausgehend von der Annahme, dass afropolitische Romane den von Taiye Selasi 2005 initiierten Afropolitanismus stets zwischen den Polen der Neoliberalisierung und der Afrikanisierung verorten, wird die These vorgestellt, dass AutorInnen wie Teju Cole, Dinaw Mengestu, Chika Unigwe und Sefi Atta in ihren nach 2005 erschienenen Romanen durch Rauminvasionen („space invading“) eine produktive Friktion generieren, durch die einem Afropolitan turn innerhalb des kosmopolitischen Diskurses mithilfe von Literatur eine Form gegeben wird. Die Romane handeln diesen Denkansatz durchgehend räumlich aus. Coles Every Day is for the Thief bezieht sich auf die afropolitische Stadt, Mengestus The Beautiful Things That Heaven Bears auf das afropolitische Zuhause, Unigwes On Black Sisters' Street auf die durch das Sensorium ausgehandelten afropolitischen Identitäten und Attas A Bit of Difference auf den Körper innerhalb des afropolitischen Arbeitsmarktes. Obgleich die Analyse die Schriftwerke von Cole, Mengestu, Unigwe und Atta als wichtigstes Fundament im „Afropolitan space invading“ einordnet, wird auch auf weitere Werke von Mbue, Farah, Adichie, Brew-Hammond und anderen AutorInnen Bezug genommen

Best practices in student education: inspiring teachers to make a difference with students living in poverty

A large percentage of children enrolled in schools throughout the United States live in poverty. Therefore, educators across the country must develop education policies to ensure all children receive a high-quality education. To further support the need for education policy reform, the literature reviewed in this study indicated that students who live in poverty would have better outcomes when they are engaged in school behaviorally, affectively, and cognitively (Appleton, Christenson, & Furlong, 2008; Cai & Liem, 2017; Kelm & Connell, 2004). Moreover, professional development is necessary to provide teachers with pedagogical practices that will improve the educational practices of teachers, including cooperative learning, project-based learning, and preparing students to live in the 21st century. A few of the key findings from this study revealed that the participants in this study do not have the theoretical framework for student engagement. Additionally, the participants are receiving a limited amount of professional development to support their knowledge for pedagogical practices for engaging students. Lastly, the participants stated that they face obstacles in engaging students; the obstacles align directly with the characteristics of students who live in poverty. This qualitative study utilized the phenomenological approach; semi-structured interviews explored the experiences of teachers teaching in high-poverty schools. The results from the interviews are intended to inform educators of the benefits of engaging students who live in poverty and introduce a training model that can be utilized nationwide to provide teachers an opportunity to improve instructional practices and increase educational outcomes for all students, and more specifically, for students who live in poverty