235 research outputs found
Droplets on Inclined Plates: Local and Global Hysteresis of Pinned Capillary Surfaces
Local contact line pinning prevents droplets from rearranging to minimal
global energy, and models for droplets without pinning cannot predict their
shape. We show that experiments are much better described by a theory,
developed herein, that does account for the constrained contact line motion,
using as example droplets on tilted plates. We map out their shapes in suitable
phase spaces. For 2D droplets, the critical point of maximum tilt depends on
the hysteresis range and Bond number. In 3D, it also depends on the initial
width, highlighting the importance of the deposition history.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Let
Kolb in de klas: vijf docenten in het hoger onderwijs onderzoeken de waarde van Kolbs leerstijlen voor hun eigen onderwijspraktijk
Deze bundel bevat de resultaten van vijf kortlopende onderzoeken door deelnemers aan de masteropleiding Teaching in Higher Education, allen docenten in het hoger onderwijs, naar de waarde van de leerstijlen van Kolb voor hun eigen lespraktijk. Uit de onderzoeken komt naar voren dat het onderwijsaanbod niet geheel bepaald wordt door de leerstijl van de docent, maar dat het zou kunnen zijn dat het wel deels hierdoor beïnvloed wordt. Ook zijn vier manieren geïdentificeerd waarop docenten rekening houden met individuele verschillen tussen studenten. Ten aanzien van het verrichten van dit type onderzoek blijkt een noodzaak om het vóórkomen van en voorkeuren voor bepaalde leerstijlen op verschillende manieren te meten en om zowel met kwalitatieve als kwantitatieve methoden te werken; daarbij kan de Chi-square goodness-of-fit test voor één groep, goede diensten bewijzen. Ook lijkt het dat aangetroffen verschillen in leerstijlen wel eens veroorzaakt zouden kunnen zijn tussen verschillen in wat en hoe men meet, en geen reflectie zijn van feitelijke verschillen in leerstijlen
The acceptance and use of the e-Health instrument 'The personal health check' in four Dutch municipalities:Lessons learned
This pilot study assessed the acceptance and use of the e-Health instrument âthe Personal Health Checkâ (PHC) among clients and professionals in primary care settings. By filling in the online PHC instrument, participants were provided insights into their health and lifestyle. When results revealed an increased health risk, participants were advised to undertake additional lab tests measuring blood pressure and haemaglobin levels. Based on the online questionnaire and optional lab tests, participants then received a report that included individually-tailored feedback from the e-Health application about personal health risks and suggestions for health interventions. The PHC was implemented in 2016 in four Dutch municipalities that determined which neighbourhood(s) the PHC targeted and how participants were invited. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology was used as a theoretical framework to address our research questions. Methods used to assess acceptance were: PHC instrument data, data from additional questionnaires completed by PHC participants, focus groups with PHC participants and professionals in primary care, and telephone interviews with non-responders to the invitation to participate in the online PHC. Of the 21,735 invited, 12% participated. Our results showed that participants and professionals in this pilot were predominantly positive about the PHC. Participants reported that they made an effort to apply the PHC lifestyle advice they received. Almost all had the knowledge and resources needed to use the PHC online instrument. Invitations from general practitioners almost doubled participation relative to invitations from the sponsoring municipalities. The overall low response rate, however, suggests that the PHC is unsuitable as a foundation on which to develop local public health policy
Use of a porous membrane for gas bubble removal in microfluidic channels: physical mechanisms and design criteria
We demonstrate and explain a simple and efficient way to remove gas bubbles
from liquid-filled microchannels, by integrating a hydrophobic porous membrane
on top of the microchannel. A prototype chip is manufactured in hard,
transparent polymer with the ability to completely filter gas plugs out of a
segmented flow at rates up to 7.4 microliter/s per mm2 of membrane area. The
device involves a bubble generation section and a gas removal section. In the
bubble generation section, a T-junction is used to generate a train of gas
plugs into a water stream. These gas plugs are then transported towards the gas
removal section, where they slide along a hydrophobic membrane until complete
removal. The system has been successfully modeled and four necessary operating
criteria have been determined to achieve a complete separation of the gas from
the liquid. The first criterion is that the bubble length needs to be larger
than the channel diameter. The second criterion is that the gas plug should
stay on the membrane for a time sufficient to transport all the gas through the
membrane. The third criterion is that the gas plug travel speed should be lower
than a critical value: otherwise a stable liquid film between the bubble and
the membrane prevents mass transfer. The fourth criterion is that the pressure
difference across the membrane should not be larger than the Laplace pressure
to prevent water from leaking through the membrane
Class Position of Immigrant Workers in a Post-Industrial Economy: The Dutch Case
In this paper, the issue of changing labour-market opportunities and the position of members
of minority groups in advanced service economies is addressed, focusing on the Dutch case.
We distinguish between two social hierarchies, one of traditional âfordistâ occupations and
one of post-fordist occupations. Compared to the native Dutch, all immigrant groups are
over-represented at the bottom of the labour market, both in the fordist and in the postindustrial
hierarchy. Increased immigrant labour-market participation in the 1990s was
accompanied by a strong rise in the number of flexible labour contracts. Native Dutch also
work more frequently on flexible labour contracts, but not to the same extent as immigrants.
The lower occupational level of the Surinamese, Antilleans and other non-Western
immigrants employed in post-industrial occupations can be attributed to their low
educational level. This is not true, however, for Turks, Moroccans and other non-Western
immigrants employed in fordist occupations. Their low occupational level can not be
completely explained by their low educational level. The effects of changes in the economic
structure differ for ethnic groups, depending on their past employment, their cultural capital
and the institutional framework in which they have to operate
Family coordination in families who have a child with autism spectrum disorder
Little is known about the interactions of families where there is a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study applies the Lausanne Trilogue Play (LTP) to explore both its applicability to this population as well as to assess resources and areas of deficit in these families. The sample consisted of 68 families with a child with ASD, and 43 families with a typically developing (TD) child. With respect to the global score for family coordination there were several negative correlations: the more severe the symptoms (based on the childâs ADOS score), the more family coordination was dysfunctional. This correlation was particularly high when parents had to play together with the child. In the parts in which only one of the parents played actively with the child, while the other was simply present, some families did achieve scores in the functional range, despite the childâs symptom severity. The outcomes are discussed in terms of their clinical implications both for assessment and for interventio
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Survey in expert clinicians on validity of automated calculation of optimal cerebral perfusion pressure
BACKGROUND: Optimal cerebral perfusion pressure (CPPopt) targeting in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients constitutes an active and controversial area of research. It has been suggested that an autoregulation guided CPP therapy may improve TBI outcome. Prerequisites of a CPPopt intervention study would be objective criteria for the CPPopt detection.. This study compared the agreement between automated and visual CPPopt detection.
METHODS: Twenty-five clinicians from 18 centres worldwide, familiar with brain monitoring and using dedicated software, reviewed ten 4-hour CPPopt screenshots at 48 hrs after ictus in selected TBI patients. Each screenshot displayed the trends of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebrovascular pressure reactivity (PRx) as well as the âCPP-optimalâ curve and its associated value (automated CPPopt). The main objective was to evaluate the agreement between expert clinicians as well as the agreement between the clinicians and automated CPPopt.
RESULTS: Twenty-two clinicians responded to our call (88%). Three screenshots were judged as âCPPopt not determinableâ by > 45% of the clinicians. For the whole group, the consensus between automated CPPopt and cliniciansâ visual CPPopt was high. Three clinicians were identified as outliers. All clinicians recommended to modify CPP when patients differed > ± 5 mmHg from their CPPopt. The inter-observer consensus was highest in cases with current CPP below the optimal value.
CONCLUSIONS: The overall agreement between automated CPPopt and visual CPPopt identified by autoregulation experts was high, except for those cases when the curve was deemed by the clinicians not reliable enough to yield a trustworthy CPPopt
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