4,280 research outputs found
Tax Smoothing Implications of the Federal Debt Paydown
Tax, Tax Smoothing Implications, Federal Debt, Federal Debt Paydown, macroeconomics
The strategic use of patents and its implications for enterprise and competition policies
This report was commissioned as a study into the strategic use of patents. In the course of its case investigations and legislative reviews the European Commission became aware of changes in the use of intellectual property, in particular the use of patents. It was noted that firms’ uses of intellectual property are becoming increasingly strategic. This raised concerns about the implications of firms’ patenting behaviour for enterprise and competition policy. The following report contains a comprehensive review of patenting behaviour, the extent to which patenting is becoming more strategic and the implications this has for competition and enterprise policies
On the Theory of Killing Orbits in Space-Time
This paper gives a theoretical discussion of the orbits and isotropies which
arise in a space-time which admits a Lie algebra of Killing vector fields. The
submanifold structure of the orbits is explored together with their induced
Killing vector structure. A general decomposition of a space-time in terms of
the nature and dimension of its orbits is given and the concept of stability
and instability for orbits introduced. A general relation is shown linking the
dimensions of the Killing algebra, the orbits and the isotropies. The
well-behaved nature of "stable" orbits and the possible miss-behaviour of the
"unstable" ones is pointed out and, in particular, the fact that independent
Killing vector fields in space-time may not induce independent such vector
fields on unstable orbits. Several examples are presented to exhibit these
features. Finally, an appendix is given which revisits and attempts to clarify
the well-known theorem of Fubini on the dimension of Killing orbits.Comment: Latex, 19 pages, no figur
Anisotropic intrinsic anomalous Hall effect in ordered 3dPt alloys
By performing first principles calculations we investigate the intrinsic
anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) and its anisotropy in ordered L1o FePt, CoPt
and NiPt ferromagnets, and their intermediate alloys. We demonstrate that the
AHC in this family of compounds depends strongly on the direction of the
magnetization in the crystal. We predict that such pronounced orientational
dependence in combination with the general decreasing trend of the AHC when
going from FePt to NiPt leads to a sign change of the AHC upon rotating the
magnetization direction in the crystal of CoPt alloy. We also suggest that for
a range of concentration x in Co(x)Ni(1-x)Pt alloy it is possible to achieve a
complete quenching of the anomalous Hall current for a certain direction of the
magnetization in the crystal. By analyzing the spin-resolved AHC in 3dPt alloys
we endeavor to relate the overall trend of the AHC in these compounds to the
changes in their densities of d-states around the Fermi energy upon varying the
atomic number. Moreover, we show the generality of the phenomenon of
anisotropic anomalous Hall effect by demonstrating its occurrence within the
three-band tight-binding model.Comment: 10 page
Ab Initio Theory of Scattering-Independent Anomalous Hall Effect
We report on first-principles calculations of the side-jump contribution to
the anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) directly from the electronic structure of
a perfect crystal. We implemented our approach for a short-range scattering
disorder model within the density functional theory and computed the full
scattering-independent AHC in elemental bcc Fe, hcp Co, fcc Ni, and L1o FePd
and FePt alloys. The full AHC thus calculated agrees systematically with
experiment to a degree unattainable so far, correctly capturing the previously
missing elements of side-jump contributions, hence paving the way to a truly
predictive theory of the anomalous Hall effect and turning it from a
characterization tool to a probing tool of multi-band complex electronic band
structures.Comment: PRL in pres
Sharing versus collaborative economy : how to align ICT developments and the SDGs in tourism?
Abstract: Great hopes have been placed in the sharing economy to provide a new business model based on peer-to-peer (P2P) exchanges of underutilized assets. As a model, the sharing economy has been expected to make significant contributions to sustainability, providing new opportunities for entrepreneurship, more sustainable use of resources, and consumer co-operation in tight economic networks. However, in recent years, digital platforms have turned into the most important actors in the global sharing economy, turning global corporations, such as AirBnB, Booking, or TripAdvisor into intermediaries controlling and profiting from most transactions. Focused on accommodation, this paper conceptualizes the sharing economy in comparison to the wider collaborative economy, and discusses its social, economic, environmental, and political impacts in comparison to the sustainable development goals. It concludes that the sharing economy has great potential to make very significant contributions to sustainability, though the model is increasingly being replaced by the collaborative economy, which performs as an extension and acceleration of neoliberal economic practices
The Parton Structure of the Nucleon and Precision Determination of the Weinberg Angle in Neutrino Scattering
A recently completed next-to-leading-order program to calculate neutrino
cross sections, including power-suppressed mass correction terms, has been
applied to evaluate the Paschos-Wolfenstein relation, in order to
quantitatively assess the validity and significance of the NuTeV anomaly. In
particular, we study the shift of obtained in
calculations with a new generation of PDF sets that allow , enabled by recent neutrino dimuon data from CCFR and NuTeV, as
compared to the previous parton distribution functions like
CTEQ6M. The extracted value of is closely
correlated with the strangeness asymmetry momentum integral
. We also consider isospin violating effects
that have recently been explored by the MRST group. The results of our study
suggest that the new dimuon data, the Weinberg angle measurement, and other
data sets used in global QCD parton structure analysis can all be consistent
within the Standard Model.Comment: 4 page
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