1,766 research outputs found
An annotated checklist of the Tephritidae (Diptera) of Florida
A total of 73 species of tephritid flies has been recorded from Florida since the early 1800s. Of these, 7 species are considered to represent occasional waifs or accidental introductions from surrounding regions that are not known to have established populations in Florida; 6 are exotic pests which failed to colonize or were extirpated; and 7 species are represented only by early literature records and are considered dubious for the state. Thus, the tephritid fauna of Florida currently comprises a total of 53 species of which 1 species is precinctive to the state and considered to be endangered
New records for Tephritidae (Diptera) in Great Smoky Mountains National Park
As part of the All Taxon Biological Inventory (ATBI) being conducted in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP), we report new distribution and host plant records for nine Tephritidae species
New records of Tephritidae (Diptera) from Great Smoky Mountains National Park - 2
Thirty additional species of tephritid flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP), including historical records, are presented together with information on host(s), if known, distributions, and life histories. This brings the total number of tephritid flies recorded from GSMNP to 46
Structural and dynamical aspects of avoided-crossing resonances in a -level system
In a recent publication [Phys. Rev. A 79, 065602 (2009)] it was shown that an
avoided-crossing resonance can be defined in different ways, according to
level-structural or dynamical aspects, which do not coincide in general. Here a
simple -level system in a configuration is discussed, where the
difference between both definitions of the resonance may be observed. We also
discuss the details of a proposed experiment to observe this difference, using
microwave fields coupling hyperfine magnetic sublevels in alkali atoms.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
A diode laser stabilization scheme for 40Ca+ single ion spectroscopy
We present a scheme for stabilizing multiple lasers at wavelengths between
795 and 866 nm to the same atomic reference line. A reference laser at 852 nm
is stabilized to the Cs D2 line using a Doppler-free frequency modulation
technique. Through transfer cavities, four lasers are stabilized to the
relevant atomic transitions in 40Ca+. The rms linewidth of a transfer-locked
laser is measured to be 123 kHz with respect to an independent atomic
reference, the Rb D1 line. This stability is confirmed by the comparison of an
excitation spectrum of a single 40Ca+ ion to an eight-level Bloch equation
model. The measured Allan variance of 10^(-22) at 10 s demonstrates a high
degree of stability for time scales up to 100 s.Comment: 8 pages, 11 figure
Nonlinear metrology with a quantum interface
We describe nonlinear quantum atom-light interfaces and nonlinear quantum
metrology in the collective continuous variable formalism. We develop a
nonlinear effective Hamiltonian in terms of spin and polarization collective
variables and show that model Hamiltonians of interest for nonlinear quantum
metrology can be produced in Rb ensembles. With these Hamiltonians,
metrologically relevant atomic properties, e.g. the collective spin, can be
measured better than the "Heisenberg limit" . In contrast to other
proposed nonlinear metrology systems, the atom-light interface allows both
linear and non-linear estimation of the same atomic quantities.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure
Exposure to atmospheric radon.
We measured radon (222Rn) concentrations in Iowa and Minnesota and found that unusually high annual average radon concentrations occur outdoors in portions of central North America. In some areas, outdoor concentrations exceed the national average indoor radon concentration. The general spatial patterns of outdoor radon and indoor radon are similar to the spatial distribution of radon progeny in the soil. Outdoor radon exposure in this region can be a substantial fraction of an individual's total radon exposure and is highly variable across the population. Estimated lifetime effective dose equivalents for the women participants in a radon-related lung cancer study varied by a factor of two at the median dose, 8 mSv, and ranged up to 60 mSv (6 rem). Failure to include these doses can reduce the statistical power of epidemiologic studies that examine the lung cancer risk associated with residential radon exposure
Hybrid apparatus for Bose-Einstein condensation and cavity quantum electrodynamics: Single atom detection in quantum degenerate gases
We present and characterize an experimental system in which we achieve the
integration of an ultrahigh finesse optical cavity with a Bose-Einstein
condensate (BEC). The conceptually novel design of the apparatus for the
production of BECs features nested vacuum chambers and an in-vacuo magnetic
transport configuration. It grants large scale spatial access to the BEC for
samples and probes via a modular and exchangeable "science platform". We are
able to produce \87Rb condensates of five million atoms and to output couple
continuous atom lasers. The cavity is mounted on the science platform on top of
a vibration isolation system. The optical cavity works in the strong coupling
regime of cavity quantum electrodynamics and serves as a quantum optical
detector for single atoms. This system enables us to study atom optics on a
single particle level and to further develop the field of quantum atom optics.
We describe the technological modules and the operation of the combined BEC
cavity apparatus. Its performance is characterized by single atom detection
measurements for thermal and quantum degenerate atomic beams. The atom laser
provides a fast and controllable supply of atoms coupling with the cavity mode
and allows for an efficient study of atom field interactions in the strong
coupling regime. Moreover, the high detection efficiency for quantum degenerate
atoms distinguishes the cavity as a sensitive and weakly invasive probe for
cold atomic clouds
Intercomparison of retrospective radon detectors.
We performed both a laboratory and a field intercomparison of two novel glass-based retrospective radon detectors previously used in major radon case-control studies performed in Missouri and Iowa. The new detectors estimate retrospective residential radon exposure from the accumulation of a long-lived radon decay product, (210)Pb, in glass. The detectors use track registration material in direct contact with glass surfaces to measure the alpha-emission of a (210)Pb-decay product, (210)Po. The detector's track density generation rate (tracks per square centimeter per hour) is proportional to the surface alpha-activity. In the absence of other strong sources of alpha-emission in the glass, the implanted surface alpha-activity should be proportional to the accumulated (210)Po, and hence to the cumulative radon gas exposure. The goals of the intercomparison were to a) perform collocated measurements using two different glass-based retrospective radon detectors in a controlled laboratory environment to compare their relative response to implanted polonium in the absence of environmental variation, b) perform collocated measurements using two different retrospective radon progeny detectors in a variety of residential settings to compare their detection of glass-implanted polonium activities, and c) examine the correlation between track density rates and contemporary radon gas concentrations. The laboratory results suggested that the materials and methods used by the studies produced similar track densities in detectors exposed to the same implanted (210)Po activity. The field phase of the intercomparison found excellent agreement between the track density rates for the two types of retrospective detectors. The correlation between the track density rates and direct contemporary radon concentration measurements was relatively high, considering that no adjustments were performed to account for either the residential depositional environment or glass surface type. Preliminary comparisons of the models used to translate track rate densities to average long-term radon concentrations differ between the two studies. Further calibration of the retrospective detectors' models for interpretation of track rate density may allow the pooling of studies that use glass-based retrospective radon detectors to determine historic residential radon exposures
Limits on deeply penetrating particles in the 10(17) eV cosmic ray flux
Deeply penetrating particles in the 10 to the 17th power eV cosmic ray flux were investigated. No such events were found in 8.2 x 10 to the 6th power sec of running time. Limits were set on the following: quark-matter in the primary cosmic ray flux; long-lived, weakly interacting particles produced in p-air collisions; the astrophysical neutrino flux. In particular, the neutrino flux limit at 10 to the 17th power eV implies that z, the red shift of maximum activity is 10 in the model of Hill and Schramm
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