150 jaar nieuwewandeling: gevangenis Gent 1862-2012

This book was published on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the Ghent jailhouse "Nieuwewandeling". Chapter 1 describes the criminal justice system and the old jails of Ghent in the early modern period and the 19th century. Chapter two concentrates on the new ideas on criminal justice in the 19th century, and their influence on prison architecture. Chapters 3 and 5 deal with daily prison life before and after the second world war. The use of the Ghent prison during the German occupation and the special circumstances of the repression are described in chapter 4. Chapter 6 is a purely photographic view on contemporary detention in Ghent. The book closes with a commented bibliography, pointing, for each of the chapters, at the most important published studies and archival material

Design and baseline characteristics of the finerenone in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in diabetic kidney disease trial

Background: Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. Patients and Methods: The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 25 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio >= 30 to <= 5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level alpha = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. Conclusions: FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049

holoviz/holoviews: Version 1.18.0

&lt;p&gt;This release includes new features, improvements, and bug fixes. Among these are the new elements. First is the &lt;code&gt;ImageStack&lt;/code&gt; element allows you to easily visualize a 3D array, while the &lt;code&gt;VLines&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;HLines&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;VSpans&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;HSpans&lt;/code&gt; elements allow you to visualize vertical and horizontal lines and spans easily. In addition, this release includes support for subcoordinate systems in the y-axis and various other enhancements and bug fixes. This release adds support for the newest Python 3.12 and Bokeh 3.3 and drops support for Python 3.8 and Bokeh 2.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Many thanks to the new contributors @MeggyCal, along with our returning contributors @ahuang11, @ianthomas23, @jlstevens, @maximlt, @philippjfr, and @Hoxbro.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;New features:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Implementation of &lt;code&gt;ImageStack&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5751"&gt;#5751&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5945"&gt;#5945&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Adding vectorized &lt;code&gt;VLines&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;HLines&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;VSpans&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;HSpans&lt;/code&gt; elements (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5845"&gt;#5845&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5911"&gt;#5911&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5940"&gt;#5940&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Implement support for subcoordinate systems in the y-axis (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5840"&gt;#5840&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;Enhancements:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Cycle through &lt;code&gt;text_color&lt;/code&gt; when overlaying Labels (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5888"&gt;#5888&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Drop requirements for &lt;code&gt;OrderedDict&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5867"&gt;#5867&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5890"&gt;#5890&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5925"&gt;#5925&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Allow to link to an &lt;code&gt;Overlay&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5881"&gt;#5881&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Use contourpy for contour calculations (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5910"&gt;#5910&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Use browser information to set &lt;code&gt;pixel_density&lt;/code&gt; in &lt;code&gt;ResampleOperation2D&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5947"&gt;#5947&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Avoid bounce back of events for &lt;code&gt;Range{X,Y,XY}&lt;/code&gt; streams (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5946"&gt;#5946&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;Bug fixes:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Fix overlaying labels in Sankey diagram (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5864"&gt;#5864&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Ensure the &lt;code&gt;PlotSize&lt;/code&gt; stream works with undefined width/height (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5868"&gt;#5868&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Fix test when only &lt;code&gt;python3&lt;/code&gt; command is available (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5874"&gt;#5874&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Try and except &lt;code&gt;get_extents&lt;/code&gt; without the &lt;code&gt;dimension&lt;/code&gt; argument and add kwargs to all &lt;code&gt;get_extents&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5872"&gt;#5872&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Enable &lt;code&gt;Mathjax&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;enable_mathjax&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5904"&gt;#5904&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Fix &lt;code&gt;histogram&lt;/code&gt; operation on Ibis data (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5929"&gt;#5929&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Raise exceptions in &lt;code&gt;compare_dataset&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5932"&gt;#5932&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Don't overlap objects in overlaid plot (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5942"&gt;#5942&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;Compatibility:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Param 2.0 support (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5865"&gt;#5865&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5897"&gt;#5897&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5906"&gt;#5906&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5918"&gt;#5918&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Pandas 2.1 support (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5877"&gt;#5877&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5898"&gt;#5898&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5880"&gt;#5880&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Numpy 1.25 support (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5870"&gt;#5870&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Replace &lt;code&gt;np.NaN&lt;/code&gt; with &lt;code&gt;np.nan&lt;/code&gt; for Numpy 2.0 (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5938"&gt;#5938&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Bokeh 3.3 support (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5873"&gt;#5873&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5923"&gt;#5923&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5935"&gt;#5935&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Dropping support for Bokeh 2 (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5891"&gt;#5891&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Python 3.12 support (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5909"&gt;#5909&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Dropping support for Python 3.8 (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5936"&gt;#5936&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Matplotlib 3.8 compatibility (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5910"&gt;#5910&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5924"&gt;#5924&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Remove deprecations functions (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5915"&gt;#5915&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;Documentation:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Add &lt;em&gt;Linking Bokeh plots&lt;/em&gt; guide to the table of contents (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5900"&gt;#5900&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;Maintenance:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Remove warnings (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5854"&gt;#5854&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5894"&gt;#5894&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Add output of pre-commit hook in summary and add environment artifact (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5905"&gt;#5905&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Improvements to test CI (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5917"&gt;#5917&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5892"&gt;#5892&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;General maintenance update (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5889"&gt;#5889&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5907"&gt;#5907&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5934"&gt;#5934&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5943"&gt;#5943&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Update build of conda package (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5921"&gt;#5921&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5922"&gt;#5922&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Add sorting of imports (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5937"&gt;#5937&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Enable Bugbear lint (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5861"&gt;#5861&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt

holoviz/holoviews: Version 1.18.1

&lt;p&gt;This release contains a small number of bug fixes and compatibility updates — many thanks to @philippjfr and @Hoxbro for their contributions.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Bug fixes:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Account for overlaid elements when using &lt;code&gt;subcoordinates_y&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5950"&gt;#5950&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Fix &lt;code&gt;groupby&lt;/code&gt; option for vectorized annotations (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5956"&gt;#5956&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Fix and improvements to &lt;code&gt;ImageStack&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5961"&gt;#5961&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Do not allow partial matches when updating &lt;code&gt;OverlayPlot&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5962"&gt;#5962&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Always ravel array in &lt;code&gt;unique_array&lt;/code&gt; (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5969"&gt;#5969&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;Compatibility:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Update Stamen maps with new URL (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5967"&gt;#5967&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Compatibility updates for Numpy 2.0 (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5979"&gt;#5979&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;Maintenance:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;General maintenance (&lt;a href="https://github.com/holoviz/holoviews/pull/5955"&gt;#5955&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt

Lower versus Traditional Treatment Threshold for Neonatal Hypoglycemia

BACKGROUND Worldwide, many newborns who are preterm, small or large for gestational age, or born to mothers with diabetes are screened for hypoglycemia, with a goal of preventing brain injury. However, there is no consensus on a treatment threshold that is safe but also avoids overtreatment. METHODS In a multicenter, randomized, noninferiority trial involving 689 otherwise healthy newborns born at 35 weeks of gestation or later and identified as being at risk for hypoglycemia, we compared two threshold values for treatment of asymptomatic moderate hypoglycemia. We sought to determine whether a management strategy that used a lower threshold (treatment administered at a glucose concentration of <36 mg per deciliter [2.0 mmol per liter]) would be noninferior to a traditional threshold (treatment at a glucose concentration of <47 mg per deciliter [2.6 mmol per liter]) with respect to psychomotor development at 18 months, assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition, Dutch version (Bayley-III-NL; scores range from 50 to 150 [mean {±SD}, 100±15]), with higher scores indicating more advanced development and 7.5 points (one half the SD) representing a clinically important difference). The lower threshold would be considered noninferior if scores were less than 7.5 points lower than scores in the traditional-threshold group. RESULTS Bayley-III-NL scores were assessed in 287 of the 348 children (82.5%) in the lower-threshold group and in 295 of the 341 children (86.5%) in the traditional-threshold group. Cognitive and motor outcome scores were similar in the two groups (mean scores [±SE], 102.9±0.7 [cognitive] and 104.6±0.7 [motor] in the lower-threshold group and 102.2±0.7 [cognitive] and 104.9±0.7 [motor] in the traditional-threshold group). The prespecified inferiority limit was not crossed. The mean glucose concentration was 57±0.4 mg per deciliter (3.2±0.02 mmol per liter) in the lower-threshold group and 61±0.5 mg per deciliter (3.4±0.03 mmol per liter) in the traditional-threshold group. Fewer and less severe hypoglycemic episodes occurred in the traditional-threshold group, but that group had more invasive diagnostic and treatment interventions. Serious adverse events in the lower-threshold group included convulsions (during normoglycemia) in one newborn and one death. CONCLUSIONS In otherwise healthy newborns with asymptomatic moderate hypoglycemia, a lower glucose treatment threshold (36 mg per deciliter) was noninferior to a traditional threshold (47 mg per deciliter) with regard to psychomotor development at 18 months. (Funded by the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development; HypoEXIT Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN79705768. opens in new tab.

Lower versus Traditional Treatment Threshold for Neonatal Hypoglycemia

BACKGROUND Worldwide, many newborns who are preterm, small or large for gestational age, or born to mothers with diabetes are screened for hypoglycemia, with a goal of preventing brain injury. However, there is no consensus on a treatment threshold that is safe but also avoids overtreatment. METHODS In a multicenter, randomized, noninferiority trial involving 689 otherwise healthy newborns born at 35 weeks of gestation or later and identified as being at risk for hypoglycemia, we compared two threshold values for treatment of asymptomatic moderate hypoglycemia. We sought to determine whether a management strategy that used a lower threshold (treatment administered at a glucose concentration of <36 mg per deciliter [2.0 mmol per liter]) would be noninferior to a traditional threshold (treatment at a glucose concentration of <47 mg per deciliter [2.6 mmol per liter]) with respect to psychomotor development at 18 months, assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition, Dutch version (Bayley-III-NL; scores range from 50 to 150 [mean {±SD}, 100±15]), with higher scores indicating more advanced development and 7.5 points (one half the SD) representing a clinically important difference). The lower threshold would be considered noninferior if scores were less than 7.5 points lower than scores in the traditional-threshold group. RESULTS Bayley-III-NL scores were assessed in 287 of the 348 children (82.5%) in the lower-threshold group and in 295 of the 341 children (86.5%) in the traditional-threshold group. Cognitive and motor outcome scores were similar in the two groups (mean scores [±SE], 102.9±0.7 [cognitive] and 104.6±0.7 [motor] in the lower-threshold group and 102.2±0.7 [cognitive] and 104.9±0.7 [motor] in the traditional-threshold group). The prespecified inferiority limit was not crossed. The mean glucose concentration was 57±0.4 mg per deciliter (3.2±0.02 mmol per liter) in the lower-threshold group and 61±0.5 mg per deciliter (3.4±0.03 mmol per liter) in the traditional-threshold group. Fewer and less severe hypoglycemic episodes occurred in the traditional-threshold group, but that group had more invasive diagnostic and treatment interventions. Serious adverse events in the lower-threshold group included convulsions (during normoglycemia) in one newborn and one death. CONCLUSIONS In otherwise healthy newborns with asymptomatic moderate hypoglycemia, a lower glucose treatment threshold (36 mg per deciliter) was noninferior to a traditional threshold (47 mg per deciliter) with regard to psychomotor development at 18 months. (Funded by the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development; HypoEXIT Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN79705768.)