60 research outputs found
Situational efficiency of elite judo athletes at the world championships
The aim of this study was to determine whether the change in the competition rules initiated the existence of differences in situational efficiency of elite judo athletes at two world championships. Observational methodology have been used in the study, based on principle of performance analysis in sport. Data collection was carried out with the help of valid Lince software. The sample consisted of 280 fights in the men's competition, 140 fights from the World Championship held in 2011 in Paris and 140 fights from the World Championship held in 2014 in Chelyabinsk. From each of the seven weight categories twenty most important matches were analyzed (all matches from the 1/8 finals, ending with a final battle). The observation were conducted by three experts, professor of physical education and sport, the black belt 3rd day degree. A total of 2289 actions were registered. Structurally these were: unsuccessful throwing attempts (1405), successful throw attempts (329), successful ground techniques (33) and penalties (522). Statistically, there were significant differences in the following parameters of situational efficiency: actions, subgroups of judo techniques, the group of applied technique, technical scores and penalties, grip configuration and type of attack. As for the parameters of basic judo techniques group, no significant statistical differences were found. Original scientific contribution of this research is to analyze and explain the structure of judo fights before and after the change in the competition rules. The research results can be used in practice for planning and design of training situations that are closest to the real competition conditions
In vitro control of pathogenic bacteria from human material by essential oils and extracts of certain plant species
Poslednjih decenija jedan od vodećih problema u medicini je stvaranje
rezistentnosti patogenih mikroorganizama na delovanje antibiotika. Bakterije koje
pokazuju značajnu rezistentnost na postojeće antibiotike su: meticilin rezistentni
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp., itd.
Prilikom delovanja na patogene bakterije, antibiotici neselektivno utiču i na
nepatogene bakterije, izazivajući pri tom nepredvidive genetske promene. Pored
korisnih efekata u delovanju na bakterije, raspoloživi antibiotici, takođe mogu
prouzrokovati neželjene efekte kao što su hipersenzitivnost i imunosupresija. To
je razlog zbog koga se traga za novim agensima sa antibiotskim delovanjem. Jedan od
prirodnih izvora takvih agenasa su etarska ulja i ekstrakti aromatičnih biljaka koji
se koriste u tradicionalnoj medicini za lečenje mnogih infektivnih bolesti i
bolesti koje nastaju kao posledica oksidativnog stresa. Zbog toga je cilj istraživanja
ove disertacije bio da se izvrši komparativna analiza hemijskog sastava,
antibakterijske i antioksidativne aktivnosti odabranih biljnih vrstaAngelica
pancicii, Angelica sylvestris, Laserpitium latifolium, Achillea grandifolia, Achillea
crithmifolia, Artemisia absinthium, Tanacetum parthenium i Hyssopus officinalis koje su
veoma zastupljene u tradicionalnoj medicini.
Materijal i metode. Biljni materijal koji je korišćen u ovom istraživanju je
prikupljan tokom 2012. i 2013. godine na teritoriji jugoistočne Srbije. Nakon
sušenja biljnog materijala, pristupilo se procesu izolovanja etarskih ulja metodom
hidrodestilacije u aparaturi po Klevindžeru, kao i pripremanju metanolnih
ekstrakata alkoholnom ekstrakcijom. Hemijski sastav ulja je analiziran pomoću GH
(gasna hromatografija) i GH/MS (gasna hromatografija sa spektrometrijom masa)
metoda. Ukupni fenoli su određivani metodom po Folin-Sjoklto-u, sa malim
modifikacijama, a ukupni flavonoidi su utvrđivani korišćenjem aluminijum
hlorid (AlCl3) kolorimetrijskog metoda. Antioksidativna aktivnost etarskih ulja i
ekstrakata je određivana pomoću ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis (3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-
sulfonska kiselina), DPPH (2,2-difenil, 1-pikril hidrazil), TRP (total reducing
power) i FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power) metoda. Antibakterijska aktivnost
izolovanih etarskih ulja,metanolnih ekstrakata i četiri antibiotika
(ciprofloksacin, doksiciklin, gentamicin i eritromicin) je ispitivana
mikrodilucionom metodom protiv 16 bakterijskih sojeva poreklom iz briseva rana, grla i nosa, sputuma i aspirata pacijenata (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
Klebsiella sp., Proteus mirabilis, Acinetobacter sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus
pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae i Enterococcus faecalis). Sinergističko delovanje
najaktivnijih ulja i antibiotika sa najslabijim delovanjem, eritromicinom, u cilju
snižavanja njegovih aktivnih koncentracija, je određivno uz pomoć metode šahovske
table tj. „checkerboard“ metodom.During the last several decades one of the leading challenges in medicine
is appearance of resistance of pathogenic microorganisms to antibiotic activity. Bacteria
showing significant resistance on existing antibiotics include: methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp., etc. During
the activity on pathogenic bacteria, the antibiotics simultaneously show non-selective impact
on nonpathogenic bacteria, causing unpredictable genetic changes. In addition to beneficial
effects on bacteria, the available antibiotics may also cause adverse effects such as
hypersensitivity and immunosuppression. Therefore studies of new agents with antibiotic
activity are constantly ongoing. One of the natural sources of such agents are essential oils
and extracts of aromatic plants used in traditional medicine as a cure for many infectious
diseases and ailments caused by oxidative stress. Therefore the goal of study presented in this
dissertation was comparative analysis of chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant
activity of eight chosen plant species regularly represented in traditional medicine: Angelica
pancicii, Angelica sylvestris, Laserpitium latifolium, Achillea grandifolia, Achillea
crithmifolia, Artemisia absinthium, Tanacetum parthenium and Hyssopus officinalis.
The plant material used in this study was collected in 2012 and 2013
in southeastern Serbia. After the plant material was dried, essential oils were isolated by
hydro-distillation method using the Clevenger apparatus, while methanol extracts were
prepared by alcoholic extraction. The chemical composition of oil was analyzed by GC (gas
chromatography) and GC/MS (gas chromatography with mass spectrometry) methods. The
total amount of phenols was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method with slight modifications,
while total flavonoids were determined by aluminum chloride (AlCl3) colorimetric method.
The antioxidant activity of essential oils and extracts was determined by ABTS (2,2'-azinobis
(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), TRP
(total reducing power) and FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power) methods. The
antibacterial activity of isolated essential oils, methanol extracts and four antibiotics
(ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, gentamicin and erythromycin) was studied by micro-dilution
method against 16 bacterial strains collected from swabs of wounds, throat, nose, sputum and
aspirate of patients (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella sp., Proteus
mirabilis, Acinetobacter sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus
pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis). The synergistic activity of most active oils and the
lowest-activity antibiotic (erythromycin), in order to decrease its active concentrations, was determined by the so-called “checkerboard” method
Razvoj turizma u opštini Surdulica kroz mere za upravljanje zaštićenim prirodnim celinama
Održivo upravljanje zaštićenim područjima od fundamentalnog je značaja za razvoj turizma. Zaštita prirodnih celina ima presudnu ulogu u očuvanju biodiverziteta, prirodnih pejzaža i u održivom korišćenju prirodnih resursa. U radu je izvršena procena turističke ponude, razvijenosti infrastrukturnih sistema, kao i uticaja postojećih i potencijalnih turističkih aktivnosti na očuvanje prirode na teritoriji opštine Surdulica, gde se atraktivnošću ističu dva zaštićena područja: PIO „Vlasina” i PIO „Vardenik -Strešer”. Kako regulisanje turističkih aktivnosti u zaštićenim prirodnim celinama ima zadatak da svede na minimum negativne uticaje pomenute privredne delatnosti na prirodu, cilj ovog rada jeste analiza planskih mera, kroz obradu donetih planskih dokumenata koji tretiraju pomenute teritorije, a koje se odnose na zaštićene prirodne celine i razvoj turizma, kao i predlaganje daljih mera koje će podsticati ekonomski napredak proučavane teritorije uz uvažavanje prirodnih vrednosti. U fokusu rada su, pored ostalog, mere koje uključuju edukaciju stanovništva o zaštićenim područjima, unapređenje infrastrukture, saradnju lokalnih zajednica i promociju ekoturizma
Razvoj turizma u opštini Surdulica kroz mere za upravljanje zaštićenim prirodnim celinama
Održivo upravljanje zaštićenim područjima od fundamentalnog je značaja za razvoj turizma. Zaštita prirodnih celina ima presudnu ulogu u očuvanju biodiverziteta, prirodnih pejzaža i u održivom korišćenju prirodnih resursa. U radu je izvršena procena turističke ponude, razvijenosti infrastrukturnih sistema, kao i uticaja postojećih i potencijalnih turističkih aktivnosti na očuvanje prirode na teritoriji opštine Surdulica, gde se atraktivnošću ističu dva zaštićena područja: PIO „Vlasina” i PIO „Vardenik -Strešer”. Kako regulisanje turističkih aktivnosti u zaštićenim prirodnim celinama ima zadatak da svede na minimum negativne uticaje pomenute privredne delatnosti na prirodu, cilj ovog rada jeste analiza planskih mera, kroz obradu donetih planskih dokumenata koji tretiraju pomenute teritorije, a koje se odnose na zaštićene prirodne celine i razvoj turizma, kao i predlaganje daljih mera koje će podsticati ekonomski napredak proučavane teritorije uz uvažavanje prirodnih vrednosti. U fokusu rada su, pored ostalog, mere koje uključuju edukaciju stanovništva o zaštićenim područjima, unapređenje infrastrukture, saradnju lokalnih zajednica i promociju ekoturizma
THE IMPORTANCE OF CORNERS IN THE TACTICAL PREPARATION OF PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALLERS
Corners are a segment of the game from which goals are not often scored, but they may be a decisive factor in the outcome of the match between the two teams. The aim of this research is to determine the characteristics of performing a corner kick and to examine whether there are differences between different competitions of professional football players. The sample of respondents represents the matches of the International Champions Cup in the 2018 season and the matches of the Spanish league (La Liga) in the 2017/2018 season. A total of 23 matches (13 matches of the International Champions Cup and 10 matches of the Spanish league) were analyzed. To describe the tactics of corner kicks, variables were observed that indicate the way the kicks are performed from the corner. The methodology of observing several teams, monitoring all matches and monitoring both teams in each match with the analysis of given variables was used. Corner kicks that had more than three passes, which means starting a new, organized attack, were excluded from the analysis. A total of 209 of the 253 corners were included. The results show that there is no statistically significant difference in most of the observed parameters, but in the type of defense that the teams apply, play and lateral performance, there are statistically significant differences. Zone defense (.012) is used more by teams that competed in the International Champions Cup and combined (.036) by teams in the Spanish league. There are also differences in the playoffs (.047) in favor of the International Champions Cup. Corners from the same side (.031) were used more in the International Champions Cup than in the Spanish league. These results show that the teams do not differ much in the way they set up in the defensive phase and the attack phase, but that there are certain common criteria.
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THE COURSE OF THE JUDO FIGHT AT THE 2011 WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP
The aim of the study was to investigate the course of the judo fight in different weight categories at the 2011 Senior World Championship held in Paris. The sample consisted of 140 fights in the men's competition from the World Championship held in 2011 in Paris. From each of the seven weight categories, twenty of the most important matches were analyzed. The categories included light (-60kg and -66kg), middle (-73kg, -81kg and -90kg) and heavy (-100kg and +100kg). A total of 959 situations were observed. The following variables were analyzed: actions, group of the applied nage waza and kumikata stance. There were statistical differences (p≤0.05) between the different weight categories in all the analyzed parameters. The results have shown that judokas need to conduct a great number of attack attempts in order to score (65.38% of all the actions were unsuccessful throw attempts). They preferred te waza (35.87%) and ashi waza (34.82) techniques from the kenka yotsu (37.94%) and ai yotsu (24.11%) gripping stance. As coaching advice, the number of training situations that favor attacking from thekenka and ai yotsu stance and defending from ashi and te waza attacks should be increased
Strateško upravljanje Specijalnim rezervatom prirode "Osredak" u funkciji razvoja održivog turizma
Razvoj održivog turizma nameće se kao jedan od prioriteta očuvanja životne sredine. Implementacija donetih planskih dokumenata od krucijalnog je značaja za sistemsko upravljanje zaštićenim područjima. U radu je analizirano strateško upravljanje na studiji slučaja Specijalnog rezervata prirode „Osredak” u funkciji razvoja održivog turizma. Cilj rada je ukazivanje na konflikt koji postoji između održivog turizma sa jedne strane i ostalih privrednih delatnosti sa druge strane. U tom kontekstu, u fokusu istraživanja su promene u nameni korišćenja zemljišta, transformacija industrijske delatnosti, razvoj saobraćajne infrastrukture, zanatstva i trgovine. U radu su istaknute glavne prirodne i antropogene turističke vrednosti kao potencijalni pokretači za razvoj turizma. Razmatrane su i perspektive za saradnju Grada Kruševca i opštine Trstenik na čijem području se nalazi Specijalni rezervat prirode „Osredak”. Primenom SWOT analize izvršena je sistematizacija ključnih snaga, slabosti, potencijala i pretnji iz okruženja kako bi se sadržajnije interpretirale i shvatile mogućnosti kojima pomenuti prostor raspolaže, a koje su u funkciji razvoja turizma
Strateško upravljanje Specijalnim rezervatom prirode "Osredak" u funkciji razvoja održivog turizma
Razvoj održivog turizma nameće se kao jedan od prioriteta očuvanja životne sredine. Implementacija donetih planskih dokumenata od krucijalnog je značaja za sistemsko upravljanje zaštićenim područjima. U radu je analizirano strateško upravljanje na studiji slučaja Specijalnog rezervata prirode „Osredak” u funkciji razvoja održivog turizma. Cilj rada je ukazivanje na konflikt koji postoji između održivog turizma sa jedne strane i ostalih privrednih delatnosti sa druge strane. U tom kontekstu, u fokusu istraživanja su promene u nameni korišćenja zemljišta, transformacija industrijske delatnosti, razvoj saobraćajne infrastrukture, zanatstva i trgovine. U radu su istaknute glavne prirodne i antropogene turističke vrednosti kao potencijalni pokretači za razvoj turizma. Razmatrane su i perspektive za saradnju Grada Kruševca i opštine Trstenik na čijem području se nalazi Specijalni rezervat prirode „Osredak”. Primenom SWOT analize izvršena je sistematizacija ključnih snaga, slabosti, potencijala i pretnji iz okruženja kako bi se sadržajnije interpretirale i shvatile mogućnosti kojima pomenuti prostor raspolaže, a koje su u funkciji razvoja turizma
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