Research and Analysis of Fisheries in Illinois F-69-R (32) Final Performance Report July 1, 2018 – June 30, 2019

Fisheries managers are charged with understanding the interaction between sport fish populations and anglers to inform resource management decision making that supports and promotes healthy fisheries. Fundamental to this mission is easy access to long-term fisheries data, analytical tools and metrics that offer insight into the quality of a fishery, and an understanding of the factors that influence fish population dynamics. Equally important is the need to communicate this scientific knowledge and promote angling opportunities to the public. Project F-69-R has four overall goals: (1) conduct a variety of surveys and investigations that elucidate patterns of variation in sport fish populations and the mechanisms that drive those patterns, (2) evaluation methodologies used to collect fisheries data and inform sampling strategies; (3) communicate research findings and basic assessments of sport fish populations to the angling public, and (4) organize, manage, analyze and deliver sport fisheries data to researchers, sport fish managers, and the angling public. Basic and applied research studies, public outreach efforts, and data management activities all work in concert to create a better understanding of the restoration and conservation needs of sport fish populations in Illinois. Surveys and investigations completed in Segment 32 were executed under Study 1, Study 2, and Study 3. Summarized below, these studies were focused on three areas of sport fish restoration and management. First, a series of six experiments investigating the status and trends of Ancient Sport Fishes (Gars, and Bowfin) were conducted statewide, detailing age and growth methodology; spatial ecology and genetic relatedness; population vital rates; and bowfishing tournament harvest. Second, one experiment investigating the influence of on the heritability of lure avoidance were conducted, providing further evidence of the role angling vulnerability plays in fishing quality. Third, an evaluation of patterns in age and growth of walleye, sauger and their hybrids was initiated on several impoundments in east central Illinois. Evaluation of sampling methods initiated under Study 4 focuses on an evaluation of incorporating a fixed/random sample design into fisheries assessments in Illinois impoundments. Specifically, habitat and bathymetric assessments of study lakes were initiated, to be followed by data simulations utilizing sport fish data sets managed under Study 5. Sport fish data sets are the building blocks that support research studies and outreach activities within Project F-69-R, making the collaborative collection, organization, analysis, and dissemination of sport fish information a critical component of the overall goals of this project. In Study 5, project personnel collaborated with the Illinois Department of Natural Resources to efficiently collect and manage data that reflects the status and trends in sport fish populations in Illinois and organizes that information in such a way that the needs of all data users can be more efficiently met. An online permit application system for fishing tournaments throughout Illinois 6 has been met with great success regarding its ease of use and generation of important data for researchers and managers. A new online data portal accessible by IDNR Division of Fisheries that integrates the Hatchery Information Management System (HIMS) and the assessment data system METRICS has been developed. Informed by repeated consultations with system users in the last segment, the new I Fish Data Portal is scheduled for launch in the first quarter of Segment 33. Achieving this significant landmark supports a transition toward placing more data management responsibility with the IDNR Division of Fisheries, while maintaining collaborative access to data for use in Project surveys and investigations. Outreach activities under Study 6 primarily consist of the maintenance of the website www.ifishillinois.org. The website is a heavily visited, popular resource for anglers seeking information about sport fishing opportunities in Illinois. The site provides basic information about access, as well as science-based assessments about the quality of sport fishing in Illinois waters. Through Study 6 we are able to communicate the results of sport fish research and analysis, delivering state-of-the-art information to researchers, managers, and the angling public. Social media will continue to be utilized to promote and share information about sport fishing opportunities throughout Illinois. The website, social media, and public outreach activities are essential to sharing public data and information about sport fish populations and management in Illinois. The importance and value of Project F-69-R lies in the ability to be responsive to emerging sport fish management issues through research studies utilizing long-term sport fish data sets, followed by compelling and salient communications of those findings to the angling public. The Executive Summary provides a brief overview of the accomplishments of each job within the project, followed by a more detailed reporting of the specific procedures, findings and recommendations for future activities under this project.Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Federal Aid in Fisheries Restoration F-69-R (32)unpublishednot peer reviewedOpe

Research and Analysis of Fisheries in Illinois

Reports on progress and results for the following project objectives: sport fish population and sport fishing metrics; enhanced field sampling of sport fish populations; determination of factors affecting fishing quality; coordination with ongoing fisheries research projects; support for and enhance of web interface; fishes of Champaign County; recovery of urban stream sport fisheries.Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Division of Fisheries, Federal Aid Project F-69-R Segment 28unpublishednot peer reviewedOpe

Research and Analysis of Fisheries in Illinois

Fisheries managers are charged with understanding the interaction between sport fish populations and anglers using a wide array of information to make resource management decisions that support and promote healthy fisheries. Fundamental to this mission is easy access to long-term fisheries data, analytical tools and metrics that offer insight into the quality of a fishery and an understanding of the factors that influence fish population dynamics. Equally important is the need to communicate this scientific knowledge and promote angling opportunities to the public.Project F-69-R has three overall goals: (1) conduct a wide variety of research studies that elucidate patterns of variation in sport fish populations and the mechanisms that drive those patterns, (2) communicate research findings and basic assessments of sport fish populations to the angling public, and (3) organize, manage, analyze and deliver sport fisheries data to researchers, sport fish managers, and the angling public.Basic and applied research studies, public outreach efforts, and data management activities all work in concert to create a better understanding of the restoration and conservation needs of sport fish populations in Illinois.Illinois Department of Natural Resources Division of Fisheries Grant/Contract No: F-69-Runpublishednot peer reviewe

Genomic assessment of global population structure in a highly migratory and habitat versatile apex predator, the tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier).

Understanding the population dynamics of highly mobile, widely distributed, oceanic sharks, many of which are overexploited, is necessary to aid their conservation management. We investigated the global population genomics of tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier), a circumglobally distributed, apex predator displaying remarkable behavioral versatility in its diet, habitat use (near coastal, coral reef, pelagic), and individual movement patterns (spatially resident to long-distance migrations). We genotyped 242 tiger sharks from 10 globally distributed locations at more than 2000 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Although this species often conducts massive distance migrations, the data show strong genetic differentiation at both neutral (FST=0.125-0.144) and candidate outlier loci (FST=0.570-0.761) between western Atlantic and Indo-Pacific sharks, suggesting the potential for adaptation to the environments specific to these oceanic regions. Within these regions, there was mixed support for population differentiation between northern and southern hemispheres in the western Atlantic, and none for structure within the Indian Ocean. Notably, the results demonstrate a low level of population differentiation of tiger sharks from the remote Hawaiian archipelago compared to sharks from the Indian Ocean (FST=0.003-0.005, P\u3c0.01). Given concerns about biodiversity loss and marine ecosystem impacts caused by overfishing of oceanic sharks in the midst of rapid environmental change, our results suggest it imperative that international fishery management prioritize conservation of the evolutionary potential of the highly genetically differentiated Atlantic and Indo-Pacific populations of this unique apex predator. Furthermore, we suggest targeted management attention to tiger sharks in the Hawaiian archipelago based on a precautionary biodiversity conservation perspective

Global Population Genomics of the Endangered Great Hammerhead Shark, Sphyrna mokarran

The great hammerhead shark, Sphyrna mokarran, is a circumglobal coastal-pelagic species of high conservation concern (IUCN Red List: Endangered). Our earlier analysis of mitochondrial control region sequences in globally distributed animals uncovered two highly genetically divergent matrilines in this species (Testerman et al. In prep.). Here we present findings of a genomic level assessment of global population dynamics of the great hammerhead shark based on analyses of nuclear single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and whole mitochondrial genome sequences (17,719 bp). Analysis of 2330 neutral SNP loci with Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components (DAPC) and the Bayesian clustering program STRUCTURE reveals three geographic meta-populations (Western Atlantic, North Indian Ocean, and Australia). Pairwise comparisons (FST, G’’ST, and Jost’s D) further reveals highly structured sub-populations within these regions including evidence of differentiation between Western Australia and Eastern Australia individuals, which was previously undetected. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA, FST) of whole mitochondrial genomes supports the three meta-populations, with a lesser degree but still significant level of sub-population structuring. A median joining haplotype network additionally supports the previously detected divergent matrilines, separated by an estimated 99 mutational steps. Preliminary demographic analyses support the hypothesis of an Indo-West Pacific origin followed by colonization of the Indian Ocean and subsequently the Atlantic

Research and Analysis of Fisheries in Illinois: FINAL PERFORMANCE REPORT 1 July 2020 – 30 June 2021

Fisheries managers are charged with understanding the interaction between sport fish populations and anglers to inform resource management decision making that supports and promotes healthy fisheries. Fundamental to this mission is easy access to long-term fisheries data, analytical tools and metrics that offer insight into the quality of a fishery, and an understanding of the factors that influence fish population dynamics. Equally important is the need to communicate this scientific knowledge and promote angling opportunities to the public. Project F-69-R has four overall goals: (1) conduct a variety of surveys and investigations that elucidate patterns of variation in sport fish populations and the mechanisms that drive those patterns, (2) evaluation methodologies used to collect fisheries data and inform sampling strategies; (3) communicate research findings and basic assessments of sport fish populations to the angling public, and (4) organize, manage, analyze and deliver sport fisheries data to researchers, sport fish managers, and the angling public. Basic and applied research studies, public outreach efforts, and data management activities all work in concert to create a better understanding of the restoration and conservation needs of sport fish populations in Illinois.Division of Fisheries Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Federal Aid Project F-69-R Segment 34unpublishednot peer reviewedOpe

Research and Analysis of Fisheries in Illinois Final Performance Report 1 July 2017 – 30 June 2018

Project F-69-R has three overall goals: (1) conduct a wide variety of surveys and investigations that elucidate patterns of variation in sport fish populations and the mechanisms that drive those patterns, (2) communicate research findings and basic assessments of sport fish populations to the angling public, and (3) organize, manage, analyze and deliver sport fisheries data to researchers, sport fish managers, and the angling public. Basic and applied research studies, public outreach efforts, and data management activities all work in concert to create a better understanding of the restoration and conservation needs of sport fish populations in Illinois.Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Division of Fisheriesunpublishednot peer reviewedOpe

Administration of Lispro insulin with meals improves glycemic control, increases circulating leptin, and suppresses ghrelin, compared with regular/NPH insulin in female patients with type 1 diabetes.

ContextOverweight and obesity are overrepresented in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Exogenous insulin administration often poorly reproduces normal insulin patterns and may less effectively regulate leptin and ghrelin, two hormones involved in the control of appetite and adiposity.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to determine whether insulin regimens that better replicate normal insulin patterns and augment postprandial nutrient disposal may help normalize leptin and ghrelin and improve body weight regulation.Design, setting, and participantsTen young women with T1DM were studied in this 2-wk prospective, balanced crossover-design study at the University of California, Davis.InterventionParticipants received either a single injection of regular + NPH insulin (R+N) or two mealtime injections of Lispro insulin in randomized order on 2 separate days. Meal composition and total insulin administered were the same on both treatment days.Main outcome measuresPlasma glucose, insulin, leptin, and ghrelin concentrations were monitored over the 10-h study period.ResultsLispro produced two distinct mealtime peaks of insulin, compared with one prolonged rise with R+N. Lispro reduced postprandial hyperglycemia and total glucose area under the curve. Leptin increased more on the Lispro (2.7 +/- 0.7 vs. 0.7 +/- 0.5 ng/ml, P = 0.02). Ghrelin was more suppressed after lunch with Lispro (P = 0.004).ConclusionsInjection of Lispro insulin with meals produces more physiological insulin patterns, better glucose control, and improved leptin and ghrelin regulation than R+N. More closely mimicking normal insulin, leptin, and ghrelin responses to meals with fast-acting insulin may have implications for body weight regulation in T1DM

Research and Analysis of Fisheries in Illinois Final Performance Report 1 July 2016 – 30 June 2017

Project F-69-R has three overall goals: (1) conduct a wide variety of surveys and investigations that elucidate patterns of variation in sport fish populations and the mechanisms that drive those patterns, (2) communicate research findings and basic assessments of sport fish populations to the angling public, and (3) organize, manage, analyze and deliver sport fisheries data to researchers, sport fish managers, and the angling public. Basic and applied research studies, public outreach efforts, and data management activities all work in concert to create a better understanding of the restoration and conservation needs of sport fish populations in Illinois.Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Division of Fisheriesunpublishednot peer reviewedOpe