Utrasonographic monitoring of uterine motility in infertile women with adenomyosis = Ультрасонографический мониторинг маточной перистальтики у бесплодных женщин с аденомиозом

Gladchuk I. Z., Rogachev A. P., Garbuzenko N. D., Stamova N. A. Utrasonographic monitoring of uterine motility in infertile women with adenomyosis = Ультрасонографический мониторинг маточной перистальтики у бесплодных женщин с аденомиозом. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(12):691-700. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.44823http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%2812%29%3A691-700https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/695960Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive     The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015).755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport (null) 2391-8306 7© The Author (s) 2015;This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, PolandOpen Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercialuse, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.Received: 20.12.2015. Revised 25.12.2015. Accepted: 29.12.2015.     UTRASONOGRAPHIC MONITORING OF UTERINE MOTILITY IN INFERTILE WOMEN WITH ADENOMYOSISУльтрасонографический мониторинг маточной перистальтики у бесплодных женщин с аденомиозом I. Z. Gladchuk, A. P. Rogachev, N. D. Garbuzenko, N. A. StamovaИ. З. Гладчук, А. П. Рогачевский, Н. Д. Гарбузенко, Н. А. Стамова Odessa National Medical University, UkraineОдесский национальный медицинский университет, Одесса, Украина AbstractTaking into account that the uterine pump disruption is one of the leading pathogenic links of infertility in external endometriosis, a significant role of this factor can be detected and in adenomyosis. Diagnosis of uterine peristalsis held with ultrasonography (US), and the study of intrauterine transport was made by hysterosalpingoscintigraphy. Disperistaltic waves at were revealed predominantly in periovulatory phase with the average rate of 4.8 ± 0.23 waves / min. In the control group only single disperistaltic waves throughout the cycle, and their frequency did not exceed 0.4 ± 0.11 waves / min. In all the women with the lack of intrauterine transport  either disperistaltic or complete absence of subendometrial layers of myometrium contractions wave were found.  The significant increase of hysterosalpingoscintigraphy negative results and  contralateral transport depending on the patients’ age was revealed (p <0.01 and p <0.05, respectively). Therefore, patients with adenomyosis and impaired uterine peristaltic older than 30 years old should be recommended one of the techniques of extracorporal fertilization with embryo transfer technology, except for intrauterine insemination.Key words: adenomyosis, infertility, uterine pump, uterine peristalsis. Реферат Учитывая, что нарушение работы маточной помпы - одно из ведущих звеньев патогенеза бесплодия при наружном эндометриозе, может быть обнаружена значимая роль этого фактора и при аденомиозе. Диагностика маточной перистальтики проводится при ультрасонографии (УЗИ), а исследование внутриматочного транспорта – методом  гистеросальпингосцинтиграфии (ГССГ). Дисперистальтические волны при аденомиозе обнаружены преимущественно в периовуляторной фазе со средней частотой 4,8±0,23 волн/мин. В контрольной группе наблюдались только единичные дисперистальтические волны на протяжении всего цикла и их частота не превышала 0,4±0,11 волн/мин. У всех женщин с отсутствием внутриматочного транспорта обнаружены дисперистальтика или полное отсутствие волн сокращения субэндометриальных слоев миометрия. В ходе исследований обнаружено, достоверное увеличение числа случаев отрицательных результатов ГССГ и контралатерального транспорта с возрастом пациенток (р<0,01 и p<0,05, соответственно). Поэтому пациенткам с аденомиозом и нарушением маточной перистальтики старше 30 лет следует рекомендовать одну из методик экстракорпорального оплодотворения с технологией переноса эмбриона, исключая внутриматочную инсеминацию.Ключевые слова: аденомиоз, бесплодие, маточная помпа, маточная перистальтика

НОВІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ВИВЧЕННЯ ПАТОГЕНЕТИЧНИХ МЕХАНІЗМІВ ГІПОФЕРТИЛЬНОСТІ ПРИ ГІПЕРПЛАСТИЧНИХ ПРОЦЕСАХ МАТКИ

Мета дослідження - дослідження роботи маткової помпи, як можливої ланки патогенезу, за допомогою ультрасонографії в сагітальній проекції і фіксованим, протягом 5 хвилин, положенням. Матеріал і методи - обстежено 152 пацієнтки з безпліддям на фоні тільки аденоміозу чи з супутньою міомою матки. Контрольну групу склали пацієнтки при наявності лише чоловічого фактору безпліддя. Результати - виявлено порушення маткової перистальтики при аденоміозі у вигляді дисперистальтичних хвиль, що не зустрічаються у здорових жінок. У групі із супутньою вузловою формою міоми матки, окрім дисперистальтики у всіх фазах циклу, виявлена гіперперистальтика (р<0,05) та значне збільшення частоти дисперистальтичних хвиль у периовуляторну фазу (р<0,005)

Molecular markers and mechanisms of stroke: RNA studies of blood in animals and humans

Whole genome expression microarrays can be used to study gene expression in blood, which comes in part from leukocytes, immature platelets, and red blood cells. Since these cells are important in the pathogenesis of stroke, RNA provides an index of these cellular responses to stroke. Our studies in rats have shown specific gene expression changes 24 hours after ischemic stroke, hemorrhage, status epilepticus, hypoxia, hypoglycemia, global ischemia, and following brief focal ischemia that simulated transient ischemic attacks in humans. Human studies show gene expression changes following ischemic stroke. These gene profiles predict a second cohort with >90% sensitivity and specificity. Gene profiles for ischemic stroke caused by large-vessel atherosclerosis and cardioembolism have been described that predict a second cohort with >85% sensitivity and specificity. Atherosclerotic genes were associated with clotting, platelets, and monocytes, and cardioembolic genes were associated with inflammation, infection, and neutrophils. These gene profiles predicted the cause of stroke in 58% of cryptogenic patients. These studies will provide diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic markers, and will advance our understanding of stroke in humans. New techniques to measure all coding and noncoding RNAs along with alternatively spliced transcripts will markedly advance molecular studies of human stroke

Selection of reference genes for gene expression studies in ultraviolet B-irradiated human skin fibroblasts using quantitative real-time PCR

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Reference genes are frequently used to normalise mRNA levels between different samples. The expression level of these genes, however, may vary between tissues or cells and may change under certain circumstances. Cytoskeleton genes have served as multifunctional tools for experimental studies as reference genes. Our previous studies have demonstrated that the expression of vimentin, one cytoskeletal protein, was increased in ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiated fibroblasts. Thus, we examined the expression of other cytoskeleton protein genes, <it>ACTB </it>(<it>actin, beta</it>), <it>TUBA1A </it>(<it>tubulin, alpha 1a</it>), and <it>TUBB1 </it>(<it>tubulin, beta 1</it>), in human dermal fibroblasts irradiated by UVB to determine which of these candidates were the most appropriate reference genes.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Quantitative real-time PCR followed by analysis with the NormFinder and geNorm software programmes was performed. The initial screening of the expression patterns demonstrated that the expression of <it>VIM </it>was suppressed after UVB irradiation at doses ≥25 mJ/cm²and that the expression of <it>TUBA1A </it>was significantly reduced by UVB doses ≥75 mJ/cm²in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. The analysis of the experimental data revealed <it>ACTB </it>to be the most stably expressed gene, followed by <it>GAPDH </it>(<it>aglyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase</it>), under these experimental conditions. By contrast, <it>VIM </it>was found to be the least stable gene. The combination of <it>ACTB </it>and <it>TUBB1 </it>was revealed to be the gene pair that introduced the least systematic error into the data normalisation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The data herein provide evidence that <it>ACTB </it>and <it>TUBB1 </it>are suitable reference genes in human skin fibroblasts irradiated by UVB, whereas <it>VIM </it>and <it>TUBA1A </it>are not and should therefore be excluded as reference genes in any gene expression studies involving UVB-irradiated human skin fibroblasts.</p

A Novel Modular Antigen Delivery System for Immuno Targeting of Human 6-sulfo LacNAc-Positive Blood Dendritic Cells (SlanDCs)

Previously, we identified a major myeloid-derived proinflammatory subpopulation of human blood dendritic cells which we termed slanDCs (e.g. Schäkel et al. (2006) Immunity 24, 767-777). The slan epitope is an O-linked sugar modification (6-sulfo LacNAc, slan) of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1). As slanDCs can induce neoantigen-specific CD4+ T cells and tumor-reactive CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, they appear as promising targets for an in vivo delivery of antigens for vaccination. However, tools for delivery of antigens to slanDCs were not available until now. Moreover, it is unknown whether or not antigens delivered via the slan epitope can be taken up, properly processed and presented by slanDCs to T cells.Single chain fragment variables were prepared from presently available decavalent monoclonal anti-slan IgM antibodies but failed to bind to slanDCs. Therefore, a novel multivalent anti-slanDC scaffold was developed which consists of two components: (i) a single chain bispecific recombinant diabody (scBsDb) that is directed on the one hand to the slan epitope and on the other hand to a novel peptide epitope tag, and (ii) modular (antigen-containing) linker peptides that are flanked at both their termini with at least one peptide epitope tag. Delivery of a Tetanus Toxin-derived antigen to slanDCs via such a scBsDb/antigen scaffold allowed us to recall autologous Tetanus-specific memory T cells.In summary our data show that (i) the slan epitope can be used for delivery of antigens to this class of human-specific DCs, and (ii) antigens bound to the slan epitope can be taken up by slanDCs, processed and presented to T cells. Consequently, our novel modular scaffold system may be useful for the development of human vaccines

Correlations Between Gene Expression and Mercury Levels in Blood of Boys With and Without Autism

Gene expression in blood was correlated with mercury levels in blood of 2- to 5-year-old boys with autism (AU) compared to age-matched typically developing (TD) control boys. This was done to address the possibility that the two groups might metabolize toxicants, such as mercury, differently. RNA was isolated from blood and gene expression assessed on whole genome Affymetrix Human U133 expression microarrays. Mercury levels were measured using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed and partial correlations between gene expression and mercury levels were calculated, after correcting for age and batch effects. To reduce false positives, only genes shared by the ANCOVA models were analyzed. Of the 26 genes that correlated with mercury levels in both AU and TD boys, 11 were significantly different between the groups (P(Diagnosis*Mercury) ≤ 0.05). The expression of a large number of genes (n = 316) correlated with mercury levels in TD but not in AU boys (P ≤ 0.05), the most represented biological functions being cell death and cell morphology. Expression of 189 genes correlated with mercury levels in AU but not in TD boys (P ≤ 0.05), the most represented biological functions being cell morphology, amino acid metabolism, and antigen presentation. These data and those in our companion study on correlation of gene expression and lead levels show that AU and TD children display different correlations between transcript levels and low levels of mercury and lead. These findings might suggest different genetic transcriptional programs associated with mercury in AU compared to TD children

Atypical miRNA expression in temporal cortex associated with dysregulation of immune, cell cycle, and other pathways in autism spectrum disorders

BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) likely involve dysregulation of multiple genes related to brain function and development. Abnormalities in individual regulatory small non-coding RNA (sncRNA), including microRNA (miRNA), could have profound effects upon multiple functional pathways. We assessed whether a brain region associated with core social impairments in ASD, the superior temporal sulcus (STS), would evidence greater transcriptional dysregulation of sncRNA than adjacent, yet functionally distinct, primary auditory cortex (PAC). METHODS: We measured sncRNA expression levels in 34 samples of postmortem brain from STS and PAC to find differentially expressed sncRNA in ASD compared with control cases. For differentially expressed miRNA, we further analyzed their predicted mRNA targets and carried out functional over-representation analysis of KEGG pathways to examine their functional significance and to compare our findings to reported alterations in ASD gene expression. RESULTS: Two mature miRNAs (miR-4753-5p and miR-1) were differentially expressed in ASD relative to control in STS and four (miR-664-3p, miR-4709-3p, miR-4742-3p, and miR-297) in PAC. In both regions, miRNA were functionally related to various nervous system, cell cycle, and canonical signaling pathways, including PI3K-Akt signaling, previously implicated in ASD. Immune pathways were only disrupted in STS. snoRNA and pre-miRNA were also differentially expressed in ASD brain. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in sncRNA may underlie dysregulation of molecular pathways implicated in autism. sncRNA transcriptional abnormalities in ASD were apparent in STS and in PAC, a brain region not directly associated with core behavioral impairments. Disruption of miRNA in immune pathways, frequently implicated in ASD, was unique to STS. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13229-015-0029-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users