67 research outputs found

    CDH1-Mutationen in Familien mit Mamma- und Magenkarzinomen

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    Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, herauszufinden, ob Mutationen in CDH1 in Familien mit erblichem Brust- und Magenkarzinomen vermehrt vorkommen und sich fĂŒr den Einsatz in einer Paneldiagnostik eignen. Mutationen in CDH1 sind vor allem mit DBC und LBC, der zweithĂ€ufigsten TumorentitĂ€t (10-15% aller Mammakarzinome) nach DBC (Sagara et al., 2015), vergesellschaftet. Besonders hĂ€ufig werden CDH1-Mutationen in Familien, die die Kriterien eines HDGC erfĂŒllen, gefunden (Benusiglio et al., 2013). In dieser Studie wurden 97 negativ auf BRCA1/2 getestete Patienten mit erblichem Brust- und Eierstockkarzinomen auf CDH1-Mutationen untersucht. Die DNA wurde mittels PCR vervielfĂ€ltigt und auf Mutationen mittels DHPLC voruntersucht. AuffĂ€llige DHPLC-Befunde wurden sequenziert und auf VerĂ€nderungen untersucht. In dieser Studie konnten in 55% aller Patienten mit LBC und 27% aller Patienten mit DBC genomische VerĂ€nderungen gefunden werden, zwei davon verĂ€ndern die AminosĂ€urestruktur. Keine dieser VerĂ€nderungen war pathologisch. In der Literatur wird beschrieben, dass in 30-60% aller FĂ€lle von LBC somatische Mutationen gefunden wurden. Dies könnte ein Hinweis fĂŒr einen modifizierenden Einfluss auf die spĂ€tere Tumorentstehung sein. Unsere Ergebnisse stimmen mit den in der Literatur publizierten ĂŒberein. Kraus et al. hat in einer Studie mit 581 Probanden nur eine CDH1 VerĂ€nderung gefunden. Diese wurde als seltener Polymorphismus eingeschĂ€tzt (Kraus et al., 2017)

    Assignment of the <i>TYK2</i> gene to equine chromosome 7q12-q13 (Brief report)

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    Abstract. Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) is a member of the janus kinase gene family and encodes an 1187 amino acid protein. All four members of the janus kinase family JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2 associate with various cytokine receptors and mediate the signal transduction by tyrosine phosphorylation of downstream targets (YAMOAKA et al., 2004). Studies with tyk2 deficient mice demonstrated impairment of interferon α/ÎČ signaling (KARAGHIOSOFF et al., 2003). Mutations in the murine tyk2 gene are associated with increased susceptibility to infectious and autoimmune diseases (SHAW et al., 2003). The human TYK2 gene consists of 25 exons spanning 30,003 bp on human chromosome 19p13.2 starting at 10,322,209 bp. The objective of this study was to determine the chromosomal location of TYK2 in the horse by FISH and RH mapping. </jats:p

    Scalable power system communications emulation with OPC UA

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    The dependability on real-time control is significantly increasing due to the transition from synchronous grids to converter-dominated grids. Distributed control schemes can significantly decrease the degree of single-points-of failure of Smart Grid control schemes, thereby introducing new complexity of power system communications. We propose a scalable approach for validation of distributed control schemes by emulating the communication in a decentralised manner, utilising the Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture service-oriented architecture in a controller-hardware-in-the-loop environment. As a proof-of-concept, we apply communication delay Denial-of-Service attacks to a converter-dominated communication-heavy and consensus-based microgrid control algorithm and thereby elaborate how scalable power systems communications emulation can help selecting appropriate mitigation strategies for telecommunication-based stress conditions

    Extensive Use of Interventional Therapies Improves Survival in Unresectable or Recurrent Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma

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    Aim. To assess the outcomes of patients with unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (ICC) treated by a tailored therapeutic approach, combining systemic with advanced image-guided local or locoregional therapies. Materials and Methods. Treatment followed an algorithm established by a multidisciplinary GI-tumor team. Treatment options comprised ablation (RFA, CT-guided brachytherapy) or locoregional techniques (TACE, radioembolization, i.a. chemotherapy). Results. Median survival was 33.1 months from time of diagnosis and 16.0 months from first therapy. UICC stage analysis showed a median survival of 15.9 months for stage I, 9 months for IIIa, 18.4 months for IIIc, and 13 months for IV. Only the number of lesions, baseline serum CEA and serum CA19-9, and objective response (RECIST) were independently associated with survival. Extrahepatic metastases had no influence. Conclusion. Patients with unresectable ICC may benefit from hepatic tumor control provided by local or locoregional therapies. Future prospective study formats should focus on supplementing systemic therapy by classes of interventions (“toolbox”) rather than specific techniques, that is, local ablation leading to complete tumor destruction (such as RFA) or locoregional treatment leading to partial remission (such as radioembolization). This trial is registered with German Clinical Trials Registry (Deutsche Register Klinischer Studien), DRKS-ID: DRKS00006237

    Framework and baseline examination of the German National Cohort (NAKO)

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    The German National Cohort (NAKO) is a multidisciplinary, population-based prospective cohort study that aims to investigate the causes of widespread diseases, identify risk factors and improve early detection and prevention of disease. Specifically, NAKO is designed to identify novel and better characterize established risk and protection factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, respiratory and infectious diseases in a random sample of the general population. Between 2014 and 2019, a total of 205,415 men and women aged 19–74 years were recruited and examined in 18 study centres in Germany. The baseline assessment included a face-to-face interview, self-administered questionnaires and a wide range of biomedical examinations. Biomaterials were collected from all participants including serum, EDTA plasma, buffy coats, RNA and erythrocytes, urine, saliva, nasal swabs and stool. In 56,971 participants, an intensified examination programme was implemented. Whole-body 3T magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 30,861 participants on dedicated scanners. NAKO collects follow-up information on incident diseases through a combination of active follow-up using self-report via written questionnaires at 2–3 year intervals and passive follow-up via record linkages. All study participants are invited for re-examinations at the study centres in 4–5 year intervals. Thereby, longitudinal information on changes in risk factor profiles and in vascular, cardiac, metabolic, neurocognitive, pulmonary and sensory function is collected. NAKO is a major resource for population-based epidemiology to identify new and tailored strategies for early detection, prediction, prevention and treatment of major diseases for the next 30 years. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10654-022-00890-5

    Die Basiserhebung der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie: Teilnahme an den Untersuchungsmodulen, QualitÀtssicherung und Nutzung von SekundÀrdaten

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    BACKGROUND: The German National Cohort (NAKO) is an interdisciplinary health study aimed at elucidating causes for common chronic diseases and detecting their preclinical stages. This article provides an overview of design, methods, participation in the examinations, and their quality assurance based on the midterm baseline dataset (MBD) of the recruitment. METHODS: More than 200,000 women and men aged 20–69 years derived from random samples of the German general population were recruited in 18 study centers (2014–2019). The data collection comprised physical examinations, standardized interviews and questionnaires, and the collection of biomedical samples for all participants (level 1). At least 20% of all participants received additional in-depth examinations (level 2), and 30,000 received whole-body magnet resonance imaging (MRI). Additional information will be collected through secondary data sources such as medical registries, health insurances, and pension funds. This overview is based on the MBD, which included 101,839 participants, of whom 11,371 received an MRI. RESULTS: The mean response proportion was 18%. The participation in the examinations was high with most of the modules performed by over 95%. Among MRI participants, 96% completed all 12 MRI sequences. More than 90% of the participants agreed to the use of complementary secondary and registry data. DISCUSSION: Individuals selected for the NAKO were willing to participate in all examinations despite the time-consuming program. The NAKO provides a central resource for population-based epidemiologic research and will contribute to developing innovative strategies for prevention, screening and prediction of chronic diseases.HINTERGRUND: Die NAKO Gesundheitsstudie ist ein bundesweites interdisziplinĂ€res Forschungsvorhaben mit dem Ziel, die Ursachen fĂŒr chronische Krankheiten und deren vorklinische Stadien zu untersuchen. Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick ĂŒber das Studiendesign, die Methoden, die Teilnahme an den Untersuchungen und ihre QualitĂ€tssicherung zur Halbzeit der Basiserhebung. METHODEN: FĂŒr die Basiserhebung wurden mehr als 200.000 Frauen und MĂ€nner im Alter von 20–69 Jahren aus Zufallsstichproben der Allgemeinbevölkerung in 18 Studienzentren rekrutiert (2014–2019). Die Basiserhebung beinhaltet Untersuchungen, Befragungen und Biomaterialien fĂŒr alle Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer (Level 1), ein erweitertes Programm fĂŒr mindestens 20 % (Level 2) und eine Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) fĂŒr 30.000 Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer. SekundĂ€r- und Registerdaten werden ĂŒber Krankheitsregister, Kranken- und Rentenversicherungen erhoben. Die Auswertung bezieht die Datenbasis zur Halbzeit der Basiserhebung mit 101.839 Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmern ein, davon 11.371 mit einer MRT-Untersuchung. ERGEBNISSE: Die mittlere Responsequote zur Halbzeit betrug insgesamt 18 %. Die Teilnahme an den Untersuchungen lag ĂŒberwiegend bei mehr als 95 %. Bei 96 % der MRT-Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer konnten alle 12 MRT-Sequenzen vollstĂ€ndig durchgefĂŒhrt werden. Der Erschließung und wissenschaftlichen Nutzung ergĂ€nzender SekundĂ€r- und Registerdaten stimmten mehr als 90 % der Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer zu. DISKUSSION: Die Bereitschaft, möglichst alle Untersuchungsmodule durchzufĂŒhren, war trotz des zeitlichen Aufwandes außerordentlich hoch. Dadurch wird die NAKO zu einer zentralen Ressource fĂŒr die epidemiologische Forschung in Deutschland. Sie wird es ermöglichen, neue Strategien zur FrĂŒherkennung, Vorhersage und PrimĂ€rprĂ€vention chronischer Krankheiten zu entwickeln
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