As origens da Embraer

The article analyses the emergence of organizations that originated Embraer, i.e., the Ministry of Aeronautics, the Aeronautics Technological Center (CTA) and the Aeronautics Technological Institute (ITA), founded in the 1940's and 1950's. These organizations made it possible for the state enterprise to come into existence in 1969. This paper analyses the Embraer's involvement with the Aeronautics' national defense strategic project.Este artigo analisa a criação das organizações que deram origem à Embraer, isto é, o Ministério da Aeronáutica, o Centro Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (CTA) e o Instituto Tecnológico da Aeronáutica (ITA), fundados nos anos de 1940 e 1950. Essas organizações criaram as condições para a fundação da empresa estatal em 1969. São analisadas as suas relações com o projeto estratégico de defesa nacional da Aeronáutica

Ranking of the news about science in the Argentine digital newspapers (2017-2018)

Ante la irrupción de nuevos soportes informativos, analizamos la comunicación pública de la ciencia (CPC) en los diarios digitales de Argentina (2017-2018) en las dimensiones claves de la jerarquización periodística como lo son el tipo de información, las temáticas científicas y la visibilidad –en sus indicadores de ubicación y extensión-. A partir del análisis de contenido sobre una muestra de semana construida, se exponen resultados que tienen como fin conformar un mapeo de situación de la cobertura periodística sobre ciencia en los diarios de producción local de mayor distribución en las distintas regiones del territorio nacional. Esto implica explorar y determinar regularidades y particularidades en el volumen y despliegue informativo. Al respecto, se sostiene como hipótesis que a nivel nacional prima una mirada utilitaria sobre la ciencia en torno a la exposición de sus resultados de acuerdo a los intereses del contexto social -como la economía y la salud-, que obtienen mayor visibilidad al interior de los portales periodísticos.Before the emergence of new information media, we analyzed the public communication of science (CPC) in the digital newspapers of Argentina (2017-2018) in the key dimensions of journalistic hierarchy such as the type of information, the scientific issues and the visibility - in its location and extension indicators. Based on the analysis of content on a sample of built week, results that aim to form a mapping of the situation of journalistic coverage on science in locally produced newspapers of major distribution in the different regions of the national territory are presented. This involves exploring and determining regularities and particularities in the volume and information display. In this regard, it is maintained as a hypothesis that, at the national level, a utilitarian view prevails over science regarding the exposure of its results according to the interests of the social context -such as economy and health-, which obtain greater visibility within the journalistic portals.Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social (FPyCS

Ranking of the news about science in the Argentine digital newspapers (2017-2018)

Ante la irrupción de nuevos soportes informativos, analizamos la comunicación pública de la ciencia (CPC) en los diarios digitales de Argentina (2017-2018) en las dimensiones claves de la jerarquización periodística como lo son el tipo de información, las temáticas científicas y la visibilidad –en sus indicadores de ubicación y extensión-. A partir del análisis de contenido sobre una muestra de semana construida, se exponen resultados que tienen como fin conformar un mapeo de situación de la cobertura periodística sobre ciencia en los diarios de producción local de mayor distribución en las distintas regiones del territorio nacional. Esto implica explorar y determinar regularidades y particularidades en el volumen y despliegue informativo. Al respecto, se sostiene como hipótesis que a nivel nacional prima una mirada utilitaria sobre la ciencia en torno a la exposición de sus resultados de acuerdo a los intereses del contexto social -como la economía y la salud-, que obtienen mayor visibilidad al interior de los portales periodísticos.Before the emergence of new information media, we analyzed the public communication of science (CPC) in the digital newspapers of Argentina (2017-2018) in the key dimensions of journalistic hierarchy such as the type of information, the scientific issues and the visibility - in its location and extension indicators. Based on the analysis of content on a sample of built week, results that aim to form a mapping of the situation of journalistic coverage on science in locally produced newspapers of major distribution in the different regions of the national territory are presented. This involves exploring and determining regularities and particularities in the volume and information display. In this regard, it is maintained as a hypothesis that, at the national level, a utilitarian view prevails over science regarding the exposure of its results according to the interests of the social context -such as economy and health-, which obtain greater visibility within the journalistic portals.Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social (FPyCS

Jerarquización de las noticias sobre ciencia en los diarios digitales argentinos (2017-2018)

Ante la irrupción de nuevos soportes informativos, analizamos la comunicación pública de la ciencia (CPC) en los diarios digitales de Argentina (2017-2018) en las dimensiones claves de la jerarquización periodística como lo son el tipo de información, las temáticas científicas y la visibilidad –en sus indicadores de ubicación y extensión-. A partir del análisis de contenido sobre una muestra de semana construida, se exponen resultados que tienen como fin conformar un mapeo de situación de la cobertura periodística sobre ciencia en los diarios de producción local de mayor distribución en las distintas regiones del territorio nacional. Esto implica explorar y determinar regularidades y particularidades en el volumen y despliegue informativo. Al respecto, se sostiene como hipótesis que a nivel nacional prima una mirada utilitaria sobre la ciencia en torno a la exposición de sus resultados de acuerdo a los intereses del contexto social -como la economía y la salud-, que obtienen mayor visibilidad al interior de los portales periodísticos.  Before the emergence of new information media, we analyzed the public communication of science (CPC) in the digital newspapers of Argentina (2017-2018) in the key dimensions of journalistic hierarchy such as the type of information, the scientific issues and the visibility - in its location and extension indicators. Based on the analysis of content on a sample of built week, results that aim to form a mapping of the situation of journalistic coverage on science in locally produced newspapers of major distribution in the different regions of the national territory are presented. This involves exploring and determining regularities and particularities in the volume and information display. In this regard, it is maintained as a hypothesis that, at the national level, a utilitarian view prevails over science regarding the exposure of its results according to the interests of the social context -such as economy and health-, which obtain greater visibility within the journalistic portals

Ranking of the news about science in the Argentine digital newspapers (2017-2018)

Ante la irrupción de nuevos soportes informativos, analizamos la comunicación pública de la ciencia (CPC) en los diarios digitales de Argentina (2017-2018) en las dimensiones claves de la jerarquización periodística como lo son el tipo de información, las temáticas científicas y la visibilidad –en sus indicadores de ubicación y extensión-. A partir del análisis de contenido sobre una muestra de semana construida, se exponen resultados que tienen como fin conformar un mapeo de situación de la cobertura periodística sobre ciencia en los diarios de producción local de mayor distribución en las distintas regiones del territorio nacional. Esto implica explorar y determinar regularidades y particularidades en el volumen y despliegue informativo. Al respecto, se sostiene como hipótesis que a nivel nacional prima una mirada utilitaria sobre la ciencia en torno a la exposición de sus resultados de acuerdo a los intereses del contexto social -como la economía y la salud-, que obtienen mayor visibilidad al interior de los portales periodísticos.Before the emergence of new information media, we analyzed the public communication of science (CPC) in the digital newspapers of Argentina (2017-2018) in the key dimensions of journalistic hierarchy such as the type of information, the scientific issues and the visibility - in its location and extension indicators. Based on the analysis of content on a sample of built week, results that aim to form a mapping of the situation of journalistic coverage on science in locally produced newspapers of major distribution in the different regions of the national territory are presented. This involves exploring and determining regularities and particularities in the volume and information display. In this regard, it is maintained as a hypothesis that, at the national level, a utilitarian view prevails over science regarding the exposure of its results according to the interests of the social context -such as economy and health-, which obtain greater visibility within the journalistic portals.Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social (FPyCS

In search of feasting in tawantinsuyu: an analisis of the evidence from a discard Sector at el Shincal de Quimivil

El Shincal de Quimivil es considerado un sitio inkaico de gran importancia dentro del Kollasuyu, y es distinguible, dadas sus características, de otros sitios inka del NOA. Cuenta con más de un centenar de estructuras arquitectónicas residenciales y públicas, y en sus inmediaciones se hallan numerosas obras de infraestructura de riego y de cultivo, además de morteros múltiples. Estos últimos se han vinculado con la preparación de grandes cantidades de comida y bebida en momentos de ocupación inkaica en la región. La articulación de estos elementos y las grandes dimensiones de la plaza central sugieren la afluencia de personas en momentos festivos. En este trabajo se considera al estudio de la cerámica como factor particularmente significativo para dilucidar este tipo de eventos y las relaciones sociales en las que se estructuran. El análisis minucioso del conjunto cerámico recolectado en un sector definido como "zona de descarte" nos lleva a comprender aspectos de la estructura sociopolítica inkaica en un sitio plenamente articulado al Tawantinsuyu, con una dinámica propia particular que incluye, a través de las festividades, la emergencia de un espacio social para abordar la representación y manipulación de las relaciones políticas."El Shincal de Quimivil" is considered an Inka site of great importance within the Kollasuyu sector of Tawantinsuyu as it has specific characteristics that distinguish it from other late Imperial sites in Northwest Argentina. It contains over a hundred residential and public structures and, within its surroundings, their exist many irrigation structures for farming and multiple grinding mortars. These components are likely related to the preparation of large quantities of food and drink during the Inka period. The articulation of these elements, as well as the size of the central plaza, suggests that the people involved in the state-related festivities were quite affluent. In this paper the study of the associated ceramics is considered to be particularly important in elucidating such events and social relations at this site. A thorough analysis of the ceramic assemblage recovered from the sector defined as the "discard area" provides insight into various aspects of Inka sociopolitical structure at a site that was fully situated within the imperial fold of Tawantinsuyu. The study suggests that the feasting context created a particular social space and local dynamic within which the representation and manipulation of political relationships took place.Fil: Giovannetti, Marco Antonio. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Departamento Cientifico de Arqueologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnológico La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Spina, Josefina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Arqueologia; ArgentinaFil: Paez, Maria Cecilia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Departamento Cientifico de Arqueologia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnológico La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Cochero, Gregoria. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Departamento Cientifico de Arqueologia; ArgentinaFil: Rossi, Ariadna. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Esposito, Paula. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Arqueologia; Argentin

Gentrification and Crime: New Configurations and Challenges for the City

This volume is the editorial product of the project “Gentrification and Crime. New Configurations and Challenges for the City” started by a public conference held on May 6, 2019 at the Municipal Historical Archive of Palermo. This event was organized by Locus and endorsed by private and public bodies. During the conference, four presentations were given by distinguished academics of main fields investigated: Giovanni Semi, Marco Picone, Adam Asmundo, Antonio La Spina. Journalist Elvira Terranova moderated the event. This publication was born from the desire to investigate gentrification and crime through a multidisciplinary approach. It draws inspiration from the urban sociologist Henri Lefebvre and his fundamental work The Production of Space on how the subject in its corporeality and in its interactions with the other integrates and produces spaces. The people involved in the project stem from different fields: geographers, urban sociologists and criminologists, architects and urban planners, historians, and other representatives of civil society. That being said, given this project’s cross-disciplinary nature, contributors are given some creative freedom to flesh-out their own conceptualizations. As such, it is appropriate to cultivate an understanding of the intellectual framework and foundation underpinning this work

Callus culture for biomass production of milk thistle as a potential source of milk clotting peptidases

The objective of this work was the optimization of the conditions of in vitro culture for callus production of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (Asteraceae). Sections of cotyledons, previously disinfected by washing successively with ethanol 70º, NaClO (10% w/v) and Tween 20 (0.05% v/v) and rinsing with sterile distilled water, were used as explants. For its initial culture, B5 medium supplemented with BA and 2,4-D solidified with phytagel was used, and a 63% survival was achieved. To obtain callus, two solid media were assayed (S1 and S2) using B5 medium supplemented with growth regulators (BA and 2,4-D or NAA and BA, respectively). The calli were grown at 25ºC during 45 days in darkness. Growth kinetics was studied using S1 medium obtaining a typical growth curve with an exponential phase after 14 days of incubation (rate of growth 0.005 g dry weight/ day) and stationary phase after 35 days. The rate of growth in S2 medium was slower, and rhizogenesis was observed starting on the fifth week of incubation. From these results, the best culture medium for callus production of Silybum marianum was S1 medium.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Is the Silfverskiöld Test a valid tool for evaluating calf muscles spastic overactivity in patients with stroke? A retrospective observational study

Background: Spastic equinus (plantar flexed) foot is a common postural pattern in patients who suffer from post-stroke spasticity. To date, some clinicians use the Silfverskiöld Test in their practice to differentiate between gastrocnemius and soleus muscle overactivity in patients with spastic equinus (plantar flexed) foot. This use of the Silfverskiöld Test goes beyond its original aim, which was to distinguish isolated gastrocnemius contracture in patients with equinus deformity. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the Silfverskiöld Test validity for evaluating spastic equinus (plantar flexed) foot (i.e., differentiation between gastrocnemius and soleus muscle overactivity) by checking its outcome against those of selective diagnostic nerve block of tibial motor nerve branches to the soleus, gastrocnemius and tibialis posterior muscles. Design: The design of the study was retrospective observational. Setting: The study was set in a university hospital. Population: Sixty-seven adult stroke patients with spastic equinus (plantar flexed) foot. Methods: Each patient underwent selective diagnostic nerve block of tibial motor nerve branches to the soleus, gastrocnemius and tibialis posterior muscles. All patients were evaluated before diagnostic nerve block by means of the Silfverskiöld Test which was considered positive when ankle joint passive dorsiflexion was greater with the knee flexed than extended. Furthermore, they were assessed before and after nerve block by means of the modified Ashworth Scale and the Tardieu Scale. Results: Our sample included 41 males and 26 females (mean age 57.6 years) suffering from spastic equinus (plantar flexed) foot due to chronic stroke (mean time from onset 2.4 years). Forty-eight patients out of 67 presented with positive Silfverskiöld Test. The χ2 test showed no association between the Silfverskiöld Test and spastic overactivity of the gastrocnemius (P=0.253), soleus (P=0.605) and tibialis posterior (P=0.462) muscles as evaluated by serial selective diagnostic block of the tibial nerve motor branches. Conclusions: Our findings do not support the Silfverskiöld Test as a valid tool for evaluating spastic equinus (plantar flexed) foot to differentiate between gastrocnemius, soleus and tibialis posterior spastic muscle overactivity in adult patients with stroke. Clinical rehabilitation impact: The choice for an appropriate management of spastic equinus (plantar flexed) foot in adults with stroke should not be mainly defined on the base of Silfverskiöld Test

Callus culture for biomass production of milk thistle as a potential source of milk clotting peptidases

The objective of this work was the optimization of the conditions of in vitro culture for callus production of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (Asteraceae). Sections of cotyledons, previously disinfected by washing successively with ethanol 70º, NaClO (10% w/v) and Tween 20 (0.05% v/v) and rinsing with sterile distilled water, were used as explants. For its initial culture, B5 medium supplemented with BA and 2,4-D solidified with phytagel was used, and a 63% survival was achieved. To obtain callus, two solid media were assayed (S1 and S2) using B5 medium supplemented with growth regulators (BA and 2,4-D or NAA and BA, respectively). The calli were grown at 25ºC during 45 days in darkness. Growth kinetics was studied using S1 medium obtaining a typical growth curve with an exponential phase after 14 days of incubation (rate of growth 0.005 g dry weight/ day) and stationary phase after 35 days. The rate of growth in S2 medium was slower, and rhizogenesis was observed starting on the fifth week of incubation. From these results, the best culture medium for callus production of Silybum marianum was S1 medium.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta