Factors related to college students’ decisions to report sexual assault

Master of ScienceSchool of Family Studies and Human ServicesSandra StithSexual assault is a serious problem on college campuses. The purpose of this study was to examine factors that are associated with sexual assault survivors reporting their assault. The sample included 266 individuals who had experienced a sexual assault since enrolling in their university. A multinomial regression was tested to predict the odds of whether or not the survivor made a formal report of the assault, an informal report to friends or family members, or if the survivor told no one about the assault. The type of assault, the survivor’s relationship to the perpetrator, whether or not the survivor was drinking alcohol at the time of the assault, whether or not the survivor received sexual assault training, and the survivor’s perception of the overall campus climate were added as predictors of the odds of making a report. The participant’s belief that the university would handle the assault appropriately was used as a moderator of those associations. Race/ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation were used as control variables. It was found that if the survivor had received sexual assault training, if the assault was vaginal or anal sex, and if the survivor had a positive perception of the overall campus climate, they were more likely to formally report the assault. If the perpetrator was an acquaintance, friend, or dating partner, survivors were less likely to formally report the assault. If the survivor was a racial or ethnic minority, they were less likely to formally or informally report the assault. Our findings suggest that there are ways universities can aid in survivors reporting their sexual assault through education, training, and improving the overall campus climate

Promising Approaches for Implementing Extreme Risk Laws: A Guide for Practitioners and Policymakers

Extreme Risk Protection Order (ERPO) laws create an opportunity to intervene and prevent firearm violence when there are warning signs that an individual poses a risk of harm to self or others. While ERPO laws are relatively new, a growing body of research demonstrates the potential for these laws to prevent firearm violence, particularly firearm suicide, and multiple victim/mass shootings. Interest in ERPO laws has increased in recent years, with 16 states having enacted these laws between 2018 and 2023. Implementation varies widely across and within states. As a result of strong ERPO implementation efforts in some jurisdictions, more information is now available for state and local leaders about how to implement and adapt ERPO laws for their own communities. In addition, the Bipartisan Safer Communities Act of 2022 included $750 million in new federal grant funding for states, some of which is designated to support ERPO implementation.To meet this moment, the Everytown for Gun Safety Support Fund and the Johns Hopkins Center for Gun Violence Solutions have partnered to compile this guide of the best available practices and promising approaches to effective implementation of extreme risk laws. These recommendations are informed by conversations with individuals who are pioneering ERPO implementation, in addition to the best practices shared at a December 2022 convening of ERPO leaders from around the country

Quantitative and Qualitative Research Report Critique by Nursing Students: Why and How to Conduct it?

Background: Critiquing research is one of the core skills that nursing students must learn for several professional reasons. This is particularly important because it helps them to: apply evidence-based interventions that enhance patient care, reduce variation in nursing care, perform quality assurance principles, further their knowledge about the most efficient and cost-effective intervention, contribute to research by identifying gaps in the literature, further patient advocacy by ensuring the research was ethically conducted, protect human rights and enhance their critical thinking and analytical skills. Aim:  The aim of publishing this report is to provide a tool of reference for incoming nursing students when attempting their own research critiques for the first time. Method: The main literature sources used to guide our critique analysis included multiple resources provided by our course professor and Fain’s (2017) textbook titled: "Reading, Understanding and Applying Nursing Research". Conclusion:  Through the process of critiquing research reports, we developed our critical thinking skills on how best to use and interpret future studies in our other projects and in our nursing roles, as well as enhancing our explicit and tacit knowledge surrounding the validation of research before implementing it into practice. This ability to constructively critique research proves to be an asset to both novice and more seasoned nurses and to continue to support positive outcomes for those who come into contact with the healthcare system. &nbsp

Radical Interrelated Qualitative Space in the Midst of Multipandemics: A Collaborative Scholarly Personal Narrative

Given the current unprecedented multiple pandemics of COVID-19, anti-Black and anti-Asian violence, and white supremacy, we—a group of graduate students and a faculty member who hold diverse identities across disciplines, race, gender, nationality, and additional categories—came together to focus on qualitative research as an ontological, epistemological, and axiological space toward community and culture change. Specifically, we took up scholarly personal narrative, which centers postmodernism and focuses on the reality that “we see what we believe; we observe what we narrate; we transform what we reframe. ”What emerged were radical interrelated understandings of privilege, guilt, and the importance of kinship. As such, this vulnerable group reflected on graduate student experiences with multiple pandemics and how the academy may enact transformative change, reframing our own understandings of qualitative space

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy

Spatiotemporal scaling changes in gait in a progressive model of Parkinson's disease

ObjectiveGait dysfunction is one of the most difficult motor signs to treat in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Understanding its pathophysiology and developing more effective therapies for parkinsonian gait dysfunction will require preclinical studies that can quantitatively and objectively assess the spatial and temporal features of gait.DesignWe developed a novel system for measuring volitional, naturalistic gait patterns in non-human primates, and then applied the approach to characterize the progression of parkinsonian gait dysfunction across a sequence of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) treatments that allowed for intrasubject comparisons across mild, moderate, and severe stages.ResultsParkinsonian gait dysfunction was characterized across treatment levels by a slower stride speed, increased time in both the stance and swing phase of the stride cycle, and decreased cadence that progressively worsened with overall parkinsonian severity. In contrast, decreased stride length occurred most notably in the moderate to severe parkinsonian state.ConclusionThe results suggest that mild parkinsonism in the primate model of PD starts with temporal gait deficits, whereas spatial gait deficits manifest after reaching a more severe parkinsonian state overall. This study provides important context for preclinical studies in non-human primates studying the neurophysiology of and treatments for parkinsonian gait