Stability of buoyancy-driven convection in an Oldroyd-B fluid-saturated anisotropic porous layer

The nonlinear stability of thermal convection in a layer of an Oldroyd-B fluid-saturated Darcy porous medium with anisotropic permeability and thermal diffusivity is investigated with the perturbation method. A modified Darcy-Oldroyd model is used to describe the flow in a layer of an anisotropic porous medium. The results of the linear instability theory are delineated. The thresholds for the stationary and oscillatory convection boundaries are established, and the crossover boundary between them is demarcated by identifying a codimension-two point in the viscoelastic parameter plane. The stability of the stationary and oscillatory bifurcating solutions is analyzed by deriving the cubic Landau equations. It shows that these solutions always bifurcate supercritically. The heat transfer is estimated in terms of the Nusselt number for the stationary and oscillatory modes. The result shows that, when the ratio of the thermal to mechanical anisotropy parameters increases, the heat transfer decreases

STUDIES ON ELLAGIC ACID AND 4-HYDROXYISOPHTHALIC ACID ISOLATED FROM SWALLOW ROOT (DECALEPIS HAMILTONII)

Objective: The aim of the study was to elucidate the free radical scavenging activity of purified major phenolic acids from swallow root (Decalepishamiltonii) extract against 2, 2'-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) induced oxidation in rat erythrocyte membrane and tissues.Methods: Major phenolic acids, ellagic acid (EA) and 4-hydroxyisophthalic acid (4-HIA) were isolated from aqueous root extract of Decalepis hamiltonii by column chromatography and identified using HPLC, LC-MS, NMR and FT-IR. Free radical scavenging activities of the isolated compounds were estimated. Marker of lipid peroxidation was determined in erythrocyte membrane, liver and brain. Results: The EA showed higher 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radical scavenging activities, while 4-HIA exhibited potent hydroxyl radical scavenging activity when compared to standard antioxidants. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were increased with AAPH treatment in erythrocytes, liver and brain tissues and the treatment with phenolic acids inhibited the formation of MDA. 4-HIA was found to be more profound in attenuating the lipid peroxidation which may be attributed to its high hydroxyl radical scavenging activity.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated the antioxidant properties of the major phenolic acids isolated from Decalepis hamiltonii and further suggests the therapeutic potential of these compounds in treating the oxidative stress disorder

Calcification in masseter muscle: A case report

Biomineralization is a process by which living organisms produce minerals, often to harden the existing tissues. Defect in biomineralization occurring in soft tissues is defined as ectopic calcification. Dystrophic calcification is one of the types of ectopic calcifications. This soft tissue mineralization may develop in a wide variety of unrelated disorders and degenerative processes. It can occur in all soft tissues but cardiovascular tissues are particularly prone to calcification. Calcification in an isolated muscle like the masseter is rare, its pre-operative diagnosis pose a challenge in view of differential diagnosis. Here, we report a 55-year-old male who presented with swelling over right middle third of the face. Meticulous examination and selection of suitable investigations have helped us to arrive at an appropriate diagnosis

Perception based User Profiles for Web Personalization

Personalized web services reduce the burden of information overload by collecting facts that match the needs of the user. An important aspect of personalized web services is the creation of user profiles that contain user information and settings. This article introduces a unique method called Perception-Based User Profiles (PUP) based on perception and browsing order, develops and updates user profiles. User profiles include perceptions and relationships, which can help guarantee that user interests are represented semantically. Second, when calculating the perception and duration of the relationship, for each site in a session, the user's browsing order is considered. Third, cognitive psychometric memory model is used to update the user profile's perceptions and relationships at the end of each session, ensuring the user profile's dynamics. The results of the tests suggest that this strategy works well for building and updating user profiles

SECURE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) FIRMWARE UPGRADES IN A WIRELESS NETWORK

Internet of Things (IoT) devices/sensors/endpoints (collectively and generally IoT devices) are becoming part and parcel of many establishments. With the inbuilt support for Wi-Fi 6, also known as “AX Wi-Fi or 802.11ax Wi-Fi,” in many IoT devices, the number of deployed IoT devices will continue grow. Wi-Fi® is trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance. These IoT devices come from various manufacturers and will require network/Internet access for firmware upgrades. As such, there is a need to create a secure and tested firmware upgrade environment for such devices. Presented herein are techniques to track the firmware of IoT devices and use Manufacturer Usage Descriptions (MUD) to recognize the recommended firmware and settings. Further, the techniques presented herein include a mechanism to optimize firmware upgrades using Target Wake Time (TWT) scheduling

STUDIES ON ELLAGIC ACID AND 4-HYDROXYISOPHTHALIC ACID ISOLATED FROM SWALLOW ROOT (DECALEPIS HAMILTONII)

Objective: The aim of the study was to elucidate the free radical scavenging activity of purified major phenolic acids from swallow root (Decalepis hamiltonii) extract against 2, 2'-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) induced oxidation in rat erythrocyte membrane and tissues.Methods: Major phenolic acids, ellagic acid (EA) and 4-hydroxyisophthalic acid (4-HIA) were isolated from aqueous root extract of Decalepis hamiltonii by column chromatography and identified using HPLC, LC-MS, NMR and FT-IR. Free radical scavenging activities of the isolated compounds were estimated. Marker of lipid peroxidation was determined in erythrocyte membrane, liver and brain.Results: The EA showed higher 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radical scavenging activities, while 4-HIA exhibited potent hydroxyl radical scavenging activity when compared to standard antioxidants. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were increased with AAPH treatment in erythrocytes, liver and brain tissues and the treatment with phenolic acids inhibited the formation of MDA. 4-HIA was found to be more profound in attenuating the lipid peroxidation which may be attributed to its high hydroxyl radical scavenging activity.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated the antioxidant properties of the major phenolic acids isolated from Decalepis hamiltonii and further suggests the therapeutic potential of these compounds in treating the oxidative stress disorders.Keywords: AAPH, Brain, Decalepis hamiltonii, Erythrocytes, Liver, MD

Age-Related Changes in the Brain Antioxidant Status: Modulation by Dietary Supplementation of Decalepis Hamiltonii and Physical Exercise

The synergistic effects of physical exercise and diet have profound benefits on brain function. The present study was aimed to determine the effects of exercise and Decalepis hamiltonii (Dh) on age-related responses on the antioxidant status in discrete regions of rat brain. Male Wistar albino rats of 4 and 18 months old were orally supplemented with Dh extract and swim trained at 3 % intensity for 30 min/day, 5 days/week, for a period of 30 days. Supplementation of 100 mg Dh aqueous extract/kg body weight and its combination with exercise significantly elevated the antioxidant enzyme activities irrespective of age. Age-related and region-specific changes were observed in superoxide levels, and protein carbonyl and malondialdehyde contents, and were found to be decreased in both trained and supplemented groups. Levels of total thiols, protein, and nonprotein thiols decreased with age and significantly increased in the SW-T(+100 mg) groups. Our results demonstrated that the interactive effects of two treatments enhanced the antioxidant status and decreased the risk of protein and lipid oxidation in the rat brain

Age-​related changes in the brain antioxidant status: modulation by dietary supplementation of Decalepis hamiltonii and physical exercise

The synergistic effects of phys. exercise and diet have profound benefits on brain function. The present study was aimed to det. the effects of exercise and Decalepis hamiltonii (Dh) on age-​related responses on the antioxidant status in discrete regions of rat brain. Male Wistar albino rats of 4 and 18 mo old were orally supplemented with Dh ext. and swim trained at 3 % intensity for 30 min​/day, 5 days​/wk, for a period of 30 days. Supplementation of 100 mg Dh aq. ext.​/kg body wt. and its combination with exercise significantly elevated the antioxidant enzyme activities irresp. of age. Age-​related and region-​specific changes were obsd. in superoxide levels, and protein carbonyl and malondialdehyde contents, and were found to be decreased in both trained and supplemented groups. Levels of total thiols, protein, and nonprotein thiols decreased with age and significantly increased in the SW-​T(+100 mg) groups. Our results demonstrated that the interactive effects of two treatments enhanced the antioxidant status and decreased the risk of protein and lipid oxidn. in the rat brai

Efficacy and safety comparison of topical loteprednol and topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in seasonal allergic conjunctivitis: a prospective open label comparative study

Background: Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC) one of the most common ocular immunological disorder affecting wide population. Various classes of drugs are been used to control allergic inflammation. Traditionally topical glucocorticoids have been used for SAC. However, repeated and continuous use of steroids is associated with various complications like increase in intraocular pressure, posterior sub capsular cataract, increased susceptibility for infections and delayed wound healing. Hence the current emphasis is to prefer topical NSAIDs as they are free from various steroid related complications. As there is paucity of information regarding the comparative efficacy of topical steroids and NSAIDs, the present study was taken up. The main objective was to study the comparative efficacy and safety of three topical NSAIDs: flurbiprofen, diclofenac, ketorolac and the topical steroid loteprednol, in SAC.Methods: A prospective, comparative study enrolled 40 patients for SAC. All study drugs were instilled 4 times daily for 4 weeks. Patients were assessed for objective and subjective parameters of inflammation at baseline and weekly intervals for 4 weeks using four point scales, and also observed for any side effects. The anti-inflammatory action was assessed by the change in mean scores from basal and at various intervals.Results: Loteprednol was more effective than the three NSAIDs, only ketorolac comparable to loteprednol in relieving ocular itching. Study drugs showed good safety and tolerability, with only minimal local side effects.Conclusions: SAC the topical steroid loteprednol was found superior to NSAIDs

LGBTIQ CALD people's experiences of intimate partner violence : a systematic literature review

Abstract: Background: Experience of surviving intimate partner violence (IPV) is well documented in research, policing practices, newspapers, and awareness campaigns domestically and internationally. Arguably, those who have survived IPV and have their experiences reflected within society undergo a transformative experience of empowerment. As society recognises and validates their experience has occurred, and responds to it, accordingly, as some survivors have targeted services and interventions to assist in this transformation. However, for LGBTIQ-identifying peoples, experiences of IPV are poorly understood in contemporary society, which is further exacerbated for LGBTIQ-identifying CALD people as they continue to remain hidden. Aim and objective: The systematic literature review aims to explore the experiences of this group in their development of resilience following an abusive and violent relationship. Methods: Of the potential 230 identified studies, 5 studies met the eligibility criteria. In line with the eligibility criteria, these studies were first reviewed by title, then by abstract and then by full text. Of those studies which the research team deemed relevant for inclusion, their reference lists where also reviewed to determine if any further relevant studies could be identified using this strategy. As a result of the above process, five (5) studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the study. Results: From data extraction, three major themes emerged: Intimate Partner Violence as Experienced by LGBTIQ survivors, Marginalised Identity and Types of Survivorship. While refined, these themes capture a more robust set of sub-themes that identify the diverse ways in which LGBTIQ survivors experience responses to their victimised status as experienced in IPV situations. Conclusions: Overall, the review found that resilient outcomes for LGBTIQ CALD survivors remain misunderstood and missing within the literature. There is a propensity to focus on negative coping strategies and an exclusive focus on LGBTIQ CALD vulnerabilities. Future research requires investigation into strategies and support that move beyond coping to include resilient outcomes and support systems that allow manifestations of resilience