Coupled scalar fields Oscillons and Breathers in some Lorentz Violating Scenarios

In this work we discuss the impact of the breaking of the Lorentz symmetry on the usual oscillons, the so-called flat-top oscillons, and the breathers. Our analysis is performed by using a Lorentz violation scenario rigorously derived in the literature. We show that the Lorentz violation is responsible for the origin of a kind of deformation of the configuration, where the field configuration becomes oscillatory in a localized region near its maximum value. Furthermore, we show that the Lorentz breaking symmetry produces a displacement of the oscillon along the spatial direction, the same feature is present in the case of breathers. We also show that the effect of a Lorentz violation in the flat-top oscillon solution is responsible by the shrinking of the flat-top. Furthermore, we find analytically the outgoing radiation, this result indicates that the amplitude of the outgoing radiation is controlled by the Lorentz breaking parameter, in such away that this oscillon becomes more unstable than its symmetric counterpart, however, it still has a long living nature

On the study of oscillons in scalar field theories: A new approach

In this work we study configurations in one-dimensional scalar field theory, which are time-dependent, localized in space and extremely long-lived called oscillons. It is investigated how the action of changing the minimum value of the field configuration representing the oscillon affects its behavior. We find that one of the consequences of this procedure, is the appearance of a pair of oscillon-like structures presenting different amplitudes and frequencies of oscillation. We also compare our analytical results to numerical ones, showing excellent agreement

Information-Entropic Measure of Energy-Degenerate Kinks in Two-Field Models

We investigate the existence and properties of kink-like solitons in a class of models with two interacting scalar fields. In particular, we focus on models that display both double and single-kink solutions, treatable analytically using the Bogomol'nyi--Prasad--Sommerfield bound (BPS). Such models are of interest in applications that include Skyrmions and various superstring-motivated theories. Exploring a region of parameter space where the energy for very different spatially-bound configurations is degenerate, we show that a newly-proposed momentum-space entropic measure called Configurational Entropy (CE) can distinguish between such energy-degenerate spatial profiles. This information-theoretic measure of spatial complexity provides a complementary perspective to situations where strictly energy-based arguments are inconclusive

Three path interference using nuclear magnetic resonance: a test of the consistency of Born's rule

The Born rule is at the foundation of quantum mechanics and transforms our classical way of understanding probabilities by predicting that interference occurs between pairs of independent paths of a single object. One consequence of the Born rule is that three way (or three paths) quantum interference does not exist. In order to test the consistency of the Born rule, we examine detection probabilities in three path intereference using an ensemble of spin-1/2 quantum registers in liquid state nuclear magnetic resonance (LSNMR). As a measure of the consistency, we evaluate the ratio of three way interference to two way interference. Our experiment bounded the ratio to the order of $10^{-3} \pm 10^{-3}$, and hence it is consistent with Born's rule.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures; Improved presentation of figures 1 and 4, changes made in section 2 to better describe the experiment, minor changes throughout, and added several reference

Information-Entropic for Travelling Solitons in Lorentz and CPT Breaking Systems

In this work we group three research topics apparently disconnected, namely solitons, Lorentz symmetry breaking and entropy. Following a recent work [Phys. Lett. B 713 (2012) 304], we show that it is possible to construct in the context of travelling wave solutions a configurational entropy measure in functional space, from the field configurations. Thus, we investigate the existence and properties of travelling solitons in Lorentz and CPT breaking scenarios for a class of models with two interacting scalar fields. Here, we obtain a complete set of exact solutions for the model studied which display both double and single-kink configurations. In fact, such models are very important in applications that include Bloch branes, Skyrmions, Yang-Mills, Q-balls, oscillons and various superstring-motivated theories. We find that the so-called Configurational Entropy (CE) for travelling solitons, which we name as travelling Configurational Entropy (TCE), shows that the best value of parameter responsible to break the Lorentz symmetry is one where the energy density is distributed equally around the origin. In this way, the information-theoretical measure of travelling solitons in Lorentz symmetry violation scenarios opens a new window to probe situations where the parameters responsible for breaking the symmetries are random. In this case, the TCE selects the best value

On Lorentz violation in e− ⁣ ⁣+ ⁣e+ ⁣→ ⁣μ− ⁣ ⁣+ ⁣μ+e^{-}\!\!+\!e^{+}\!\rightarrow\!\mu^{-}\!\!+\!\mu^{+} scattering at finite temperature

Small violation of Lorentz and CPT symmetries may emerge in models unifying gravity with other forces of nature. An extension of the standard model with all possible terms that violate Lorentz and CPT symmetries are included. Here a CPT-even non-minimal coupling term is added to the covariant derivative. This leads to a new interaction term that breaks the Lorentz symmetry. Our main objective is to calculate the cross section for the $e^{-}\!\!+\!e^{+}\!\rightarrow\!\mu^{-}\!\!+\!\mu^{+}$ scattering in order to investigate any violation of Lorentz and/or CPT symmetry at finite temperature. Thermo Field Dynamics formalism is used to consider finite temperature effects.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in PL