Ю.О. Митропольський — вчений та вихователь молоді

Висвітлено наукову діяльність та роботу з підготовки наукових кадрів академіка Ю.О. Митропольського. Змальовано його риси як вченого та вихователя молоді.Освещены научная деятельность и работа по подготовке научных кадров академика Ю.А.Митропольского. Обрисованы его черты как ученого и воспитателя молодежи.The paper highlights research and tutorial activities by Academician Yu.O. Mitropolsky. His qualities as a scientist and a tutor of youth are outlined

Linking community pharmacy dispensing data to prescribing data of general practitioners

BACKGROUND: Databases are frequently used for pharmacoepidemiological research. However, most of these databases consist either of prescribing, dispensing or administrative data and therefore lack insight in the interaction between the several health professionals around the patient. METHODS: To determine the success rate of linking records from the dispensing database of the Foundation for Pharmaceutical Statistics to the prescribing database of the second Dutch national survey of general practice, conducted by NIVEL (Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research), a deterministic record linkage approach was used with patient and prescription characteristics as matching variables between the two databases. RESULTS: The catchment area included 123 community pharmacies, 90 GP practices and approximately 170,000 unique patients. Overall 110,102 (64.8%) unique patients were linked using the matching variables patient's gender, year of birth, the 4-digit part of the postal code, date of dispensing/prescribing and ATC-code. The final database contains of the 110,102 both prescribing data from 83 GP practices and dispensing data of 112 community pharmacies. CONCLUSION: This study shows that linkage of dispensing to prescribing data is feasible with a combination of patient characteristics, such as gender, year of birth and postal code, and prescription characteristics like prescription date and ATC-code. We obtained a linkage proportion of 64.8% resulting in complete prescribing and dispensing history of 110,102 patients. This offers an opportunity to gain insight in the mechanisms and factors influencing drug utilisation in general practice

Doing referring in Murriny Patha conversation

Successful communication hinges on keeping track of who and what we are talking about. For this reason, person reference sits at the heart of the social sciences. Referring to persons is an interactional process where information is transferred from current speakers to the recipients of their talk. This dissertation concerns itself with the work that is achieved through this transfer of information. The interactional approach adopted is one that combines the “micro” of conversation analysis with the “macro” of genealogically grounded anthropological linguistics. Murriny Patha, a non-Pama-Nyungan language spoken in the north of Australia, is a highly complex polysynthetic language with kinship categories that are grammaticalized as verbal inflections. For referring to persons, as well as names, nicknames, kinterms, minimal descriptions and free pronouns, Murriny Patha speakers make extensive use of pronominal reference markers embedded within polysynthetic verbs. Murriny Patha does not have a formal “mother-in-law” register. There are however numerous taboos on naming kin in avoidance relationships, and on naming and their namesakes. Similarly, there are also taboos on naming the deceased and on naming their namesakes. As a result, for every speaker there is a multitude of people whose names should be avoided. At any one time, speakers of the language have a range of referential options. Speakers’ decisions about which category of reference forms to choose (names, kinterms etc.) are governed by conversational preferences that shape “referential design”. Six preferences – a preference for associating the referent to the co-present conversationalists, a preference for avoiding personal names, a preference for using recognitionals, a preference for being succinct, and a pair of opposed preferences relating to referential specificity – guide speakers towards choosing a name on one occasion, a kinterm on the next occasion and verbal cross-reference on yet another occasion. Different classes of expressions better satisfy particular conversational preferences. There is a systematicity to the referential choices that speakers make. The interactional objectives of interlocutors are enacted through the regular placement of particular forms in particular sequential environments. These objectives are then revealed through the turn-by-turn unfolding of conversational interaction

Cox selectivity and chemical subgroup of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and frequency of spontaneous reporting of hypersensitivity reactions

Background/Introduction: Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been associated with many adverse events, including hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), such as angioedema and urticaria. However, no studies have investigated whether cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme selectivity and/or chemical subgroups are associated with a difference in HSRs. Objective/Aim: to describe and compare the frequency of HSRs among NSAIDs based on cyclooxygenase selectivity and chemical subgroups. Methods: A case/non-case study was performed using data from the World Health Organization global database of Individual Case Safety Report (ICSR), VigiBase, containing over 13 million ICSRs submitted by the participating member states enrolled under WHO's international drug monitoring program by June 2016. This study was nested among ICSRs where NSAIDs were a suspected drug. Cases were ICSRs mentioning HSRs (urticaria, angioedema, anaphylactic shock, anaphylactic reaction, anaphylactoid shock, and anaphylactoid reaction), whereas non-cases were all ICSRs without HSRs. Based on the ratio of inhibitory concentration 80% of COX-1/COX-2, NSAIDs were categorized into coxibs, non-coxib NSAIDs with COX-2 preference, NSAIDs with poor selectivity, and NSAIDs with unknown selectivity. Only ICSRs with complete information on age and sex, and NSAIDs with first market authorization from 1978 onward were included. RORs and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) to assess the association between NSAIDs and the reporting of HSRs were calculated using logistic regression analysis. Results: We identified 16,289 HSR cases and 160,319 non-cases among ICSRs involving NSAIDs. Non-coxib NSAIDs with COX-2 preference, NSAIDs with poor selectivity, and NSAIDs with unknown selectivity were all associated with an increased reporting of HSRs (age- and sexadjusted ROR 1.70, 95% CI 1.61-1.79, age- and sex-adjusted 2.19, 95% CI 2.11-2.77, and age- and sex-adjusted 1.26, 95% CI: 1.03-1.54, respectively) compared to coxibs. Conclusion: HSRs were more often reported for NSAIDs with poor selectivity, non-coxib NSAID with COX-2 preference, and NSAIDs with unknown selectivity compared to coxibs

Transformations of summary statistics as input in meta-analysis for linear dose-response models on a logarithmic scale: a methodology developed within EURRECA

Background: To derive micronutrient recommendations in a scientifically sound way, it is important to obtain and analyse all published information on the association between micronutrient intake and biochemical proxies for micronutrient status using a systematic approach. Therefore, it is important to incorporate information from randomized controlled trials as well as observational studies as both of these provide information on the association. However, original research papers present their data in various ways. Methods: This paper presents a methodology to obtain an estimate of the dose-response curve, assuming a bivariate normal linear model on the logarithmic scale, incorporating a range of transformations of the original reported data. Results: The simulation study, conducted to validate the methodology, shows that there is no bias in the transformations. Furthermore, it is shown that when the original studies report the mean and standard deviation or the geometric mean and confidence interval the results are less variable compared to when the median with IQR or range is reported in the original study. Conclusions: The presented methodology with transformations for various reported data provides a valid way to estimate the dose-response curve for micronutrient intake and status using both randomized controlled trials and observational studies

Bias in protein and potassium intake collected with 24-h recalls (EPIC-Soft) is rather comparable across European populations

Purpose: We investigated whether group-level bias of a 24-h recall estimate of protein and potassium intake, as compared to biomarkers, varied across European centers and whether this was influenced by characteristics of individuals or centers. Methods: The combined data from EFCOVAL and EPIC studies included 14 centers from 9 countries (n = 1,841). Dietary data were collected using a computerized 24-h recall (EPIC-Soft). Nitrogen and potassium in 24-h urine collections were used as reference method. Multilevel linear regression analysis was performed, including individual-level (e.g., BMI) and center-level (e.g., food pattern index) variables. Results: For protein intake, no between-center variation in bias was observed in men while it was 5.7% in women. For potassium intake, the between-center variation in bias was 8.9% in men and null in women. BMI was an important factor influencing the biases across centers (p <0.01 in all analyses). In addition, mode of administration (p = 0.06 in women) and day of the week (p = 0.03 in men and p = 0.06 in women) may have influenced the bias in protein intake across centers. After inclusion of these individual variables, between-center variation in bias in protein intake disappeared for women, whereas for potassium, it increased slightly in men (to 9.5%). Center-level variables did not influence the results. Conclusion: The results suggest that group-level bias in protein and potassium (for women) collected with 24-h recalls does not vary across centers and to a certain extent varies for potassium in men. BMI and study design aspects, rather than center-level characteristics, affected the biases across center

Nasopharyngeal Myoepithelial Carcinoma Mimicking Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

AbstractMyoepithelial carcinoma (malignant myoepithelioma) (MC) is a rare tumor, defined as a malignant salivary neoplasm composed almost exclusively of tumor cells with myoepithelial differentiation. It can arise in unusual location sites, such as the nasopharynx, and may be difficult to approach. Nasopharyngeal MC can sometimes present as a nasopharyngeal mass which may be mistaken for primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The treatment strategy for nasopharyngeal MC is different from NPC, and maximal surgical resection of the main lesion is still considered as the mainstay of therapy. Herein we present a 32-year-old man with a nasopharyngeal mass which was initially mistaken as NPC, and which was later confirmed as MC after a comprehensive review of the pathology

3-D Inlet Shock-Boundary Layer Interactions - PIV Database for the Second SBLI Workshop

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/97090/1/AIAA2012-3214.pd