Recepteurs de la prolactine dans le cancer du sein : caracterisation et obtention d'anticorps anti-idiotypes

SIGLECNRS T Bordereau / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Vasorelaxant and anti-platelet aggregation effects of aqueous Ocimum basilicum extract

[Aim of the study]: In this work the endothelium-dependant vasorelaxant and anti-platelet aggregation activities of an aqueous extract from Ocimum basilicum were studied. [Materials and methods]: The vasorelaxant effect was undertaken in thoracic aorta from three experimental groups of rats: one of them (NCG) fed with standard diet, the second (HCG) with hypercholesterolemic diet (HCD) and the third (BTG) with hypercholesterolemic diet together with an intragastric administration of Ocimum basilicum extract at a dose of 0.5 g/kg body weight for a period of 10 weeks. The in vitro anti-platelet aggregation of Ocimum basilicum extract was studied using thrombin (0.5 U/ml) and ADP (5 μM) as agonists. [Results]: The results show that the HCD statistically decreases vascular relaxation in HCG compared to NCG (p < 0.001) and increases the vascular responses to phenylephrine (p < 0.02). Ocimum basilicum extract exerts a significant vasorelaxant effect at 10-5 M (p < 0.01) and 10-4 M carbachol (p = 0.001). The plant extract also tends to suppress the elevated contractions induced by HCD (p = 0.05). The extract inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation by 13%, 28.2%, 30.5%, 44.7% and 53% at a dose of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 g/l, respectively. Thrombin-induced platelet activation was also reduced by 15%, 23%, 40%, 38.4%, and 42% at the same doses of extract described above. [Conclusion]: The use of Ocimum basilicum as medicinal plant could be beneficial for cardiovascular system. © 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.This work was supported by “CUD: Commission Universitaire pour le Développement” project between Morocco and Belgium (2008–2012).Peer Reviewe

Phenolic extract from Ocimum basilicum restores lipid metabolism in Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice and prevents lipoprotein-rich plasma oxidation

In this study we investigated the hypolipidemic and anti-lipoprotein-oxidation activities of phenolic extract from sweet basil a popular culinary herb. The hypolipidemic activity was studied in mice model injected intraperitoneally with Triton WR-1339 at a dose of 200mg/kg body weight. The animals were grouped as follows: normolipidemic control group (n=8), hyperlipidemic control group (n=8) and phenolic extract-treated group (n=8) at a dose of 200mg/kg body weight. After 7h and 24h treatment, the oral administration of the phenolic extract exerts a significant reduction of plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol concentrations (P&lt;0.001). On the other hand, we demonstrated that the phenolic extract prevents plasma lipid oxidation by 16% (P&lt;0.001), 20% (P&lt;0.001), 32% (P&lt;0.001) and 44% (P&lt;0.001) at a doses of 10, 25, 50 and 100μg/mL, respectively. The results were compared with ascorbic acid used as standard synthetic antioxidant. HPLC analysis shows that the extract contains 4 major phenolics and is especially rich in rosmarinic acid. This finding indicates that the phenolic extract might be beneficial in lowering hyperlipidemia and preventing atherosclerosis

ANTIMOTOLITY EFFECT OF ORGANIC EXTRACTS OF ANTHEMIS MAURITIANA MAIRE & SENNEN FLOWERS ON THE RODENT ISOLATED JEJUNUM

 Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the organic extracts of Anthemis mauritiana (AM) Maire and Sennen (Asteraceae)flowers on the contractile responses of the rabbit and rat jejunums and its possible mechanisms.Methods: Soxhlet extraction with different successive solvents (petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) were prepared andevaluated by preliminary phytochemical test. Antispasmodic effects of the extracts were evaluated against spontaneous contractions of rabbit and ratjejunum contracted by carbachol and high K+ concentration.Results: The phytochemical screening analysis revealed that the extracts of AM flowers contain flavonoids and tannins with variable quantities.Petroleum ether and dichloromethane extracts showed the most relaxant effects in the rabbit jejunum at concentrations with IC50 value of 9.31±2.65 μg/mland 25.04±5.87 μg/ml respectively. Ethyl acetate showed a total inhibition at 1 mg/ml, but the methanol extract at 5 mg/ml. In contrast, the residualaqueous extract was a reverse activity. And also all extracts caused an inhibitory effect on both K+ (75 mM) and CCh (10−6 M )induced contractions inthe rat jejunum except aqueous fraction. The extracts that have antispasmodic activity induced a marked depression on cumulative concentrationresponsecurve for carbachol and CaCl2.Conclusions: The results indicate that the antispasmodic effect decreased with the polarity of the organic extracts, but the aqueous fraction hada reverse effect. These results explain and confirm the popular use of genus of this plant for the treatment of gastrointestinal disturbances, andencourage studies on new compounds, in order to obtain new antispasmodic agents.Keywords: Anthemis mauritiana, Organic extract, Antispasmodic, Smooth muscle.Â

Rosmarinic acid as a potential anti-hyperlipidemic agent

Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural phytochemical that occurs in numerous plants, including Rosmarinus officinalis. This bioactive compound is widely reported to exert various pharmacological effects, including anti-hyperlipidemic activity. In this study, we reviewed the literature data on RA and hyperlipidemia research. In silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies were retrieved from Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus. The In silico studies revealed that RA possesses squalene synthase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl–coenzyme A reductase enzymes inhibiting effect. Additionally, in vitro reports revealed that RA exerts remarkable lipid-lowering effects and also exhibits anti-adipogenic and anti-atherosclerotic activities. The lipid-lowering action was modulated by numerous mechanisms including the regulation of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant signaling pathways. Moreover, in vivo studies revealed that RA alleviates hyperlipidemia in animal models by modulating the expression of genes involved in hyperlipidemia as well as the regulation of gut microbiota and anti-inflammatory pathways. We conclude that RA is a multi-target anti-hyperlipidemic agent. Moreover, we suggest that the use of this bioactive compound as an anti-hyperlipidemic drug would be an effective pharmacological strategy that could provide promising options for the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia and its related disorders including atherosclerosis.

HPLC–DAD profiling of a phenolic extract from Moroccan sweet Basil and its application as oxidative stabilizer of sunflower oil

International audienceLipid oxidation is the major chemical phenomenon leading to the deterioration of edible oils by the diminution of their organoleptic and nutritional qualities. This study was aimed at profiling a phenolic extract from sweet Basil cultivated in Morocco and to investigate its possible protective effect against the oxidative process in sunflower edible oil as a natural alternative to synthetic antioxidants. The extract provides significant prevention of sunflower oil peroxidation after storage at 37 degrees C for 60 days. However, the effect was relatively less than that exerted by the BHA. Against, the phenolic extract significantly decreased the peroxidation value of oil after heating at 370 degrees C/5 h; the effect was comparable to that of BHA. Besides, the extract protects sunflower oil against oxidation induced by copper ion, but this activity remains statistically lower than that exerted by the BHA. Moreover, the DPPH radical scavenging activity of the phenolic extract is less than that recorded by the BHA. This extract inhibits also the oxidative bleaching of beta-carotene relatively less than BHA. The extract contains 153.19 +/- 1.05 mg/g total phenol. The HPLC analysis showed that the extract contains eight phenolic acids (caftaric acid, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, chicoric acid, rosmarinic acid, carnosic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid) and two flavonoids (rutin and luteolin-7 glucoside). In conclusion, we suggest that the phenolic Basil extract is a good source of natural antioxidants that might be exploited in edible oil preservation

Investigation of antioxidant and antihemolytic properties of Thymus satureioides collected from Tafilalet Region, south-east of Morocco

Objective:: To examine the antioxidant and antihemolytic activities of the aqueous extract, total polyphenols and total flavonoids of Thymus satureioides (T. satureioides). Methods:: This plant was collected from Tafilalet Region of Morocco. The aqueous extract was obtained by cold maceration, and the components were obtained by Soxhlet extraction using solvents of varying polarity. The identification and quantification of phenol (caffeic and rosmarinic acids) and flavones (luteolin 7-glycoside and hesperetin) were carried out by high performance liquid chromatography analysis. Results:: Total polyphenol and flavonoids contents in the aqueous extract of T. satureioides were (456.73±6.94) mg caffeic acid equivalent/g of dry plant and (172.79±2.12) mg rutin equivalent/g of dry plant, respectively. Different extracts showed good antioxidant activity. IC50 for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil radical scavenging activity was (0.480±0.010), (0.418±0.005), (43.891±2.467) and (0.510±0.010) mg/mL for the aqueous extract, total polyphenol, flavonoids and trolox, respectively. Also, the extracts showed ferric reducing antioxidant power and the values were (50.79±2.02), (117.51±6.46), (7.03±0.29) and (44.33±7.55) mmol trolox/g for the aqueous extract, total polyphenol, flavonoids and trolox, respectively. Serum levels of malondialdehyde was significantly decreased in comparison with the oxidized control (P<0.001). They showed good activity against 2,2,-azobis 2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride induced hemolysis in erythrocytes of rabbit blood. In addition, they ameliorate the half time of hemolysis. Conclusions:: Our results provide evidence that aqueous extract, total polyphenols and total flavonoids of T. satureioides exhibit marked antioxidant and antihemolytic activities, thus confirming and justifying the popular uses of this plant to relieve some pains

Phenolic-Rich Extract from Almond (Prunus dulcis) Hulls Improves Lipid Metabolism in Triton WR-1339 and High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemic Mice and Prevents Lipoprotein Oxidation: A Comparison with Fenofibrate and Butylated Hydroxyanisole

Hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress are risk factors for atherosclerosis. In this study, we investigated the hypolipidemic and anti-lipoprotein oxidation activities of polyphenol-rich extracts from almond hulls using Triton WR-1339 and high-fat diet-induced hyperlipemic mice as experimental models. We demonstrated that the almond hull extract significantly reduced total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein-related plasma cholesterol (LDL-C) in the two experimental models of hyperlipidemia, but significantly increased high-density lipoprotein-related plasma cholesterol (HDL-C). Another beneficial effect of the extract was its ability to reduce the atherogenic index and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio. However, the extract exhibited effective antiradical activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and significantly protected lipoprotein-rich plasma from mice against oxidation induced by copper ion. The extract contains 342.63±3.44 mg/g total phenolics, 144.67±6.83 mg/g tannins, and 20.66±0.92 mg/g flavonoids. These finding indicate that almond hulls contain polar products able to lower plasma lipid concentrations and which might be beneficial for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and prevention of atherosclerosis

Anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and antioxidant effects of aqueous extracts from Moroccan thyme varieties

Objective: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and antioxidant effects of aqueous extracts of thyme varieties from Moroccan. Methods: The aqueous extracts of tree medicinal plants [Thymus atlanticus (T. atlanticus), Thymus satureioides and Thymus zygis (T. zygis)] were screened for their antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, radical scavenging activity method, the inhibition of 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride that induces oxidative erythrocyte hemolysis and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay. The anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extracts was evaluated in vivo using croton oil-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice and rats, respectively. This extracts were evaluated in vitro for their anticoagulant activity at the different concentrations by partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time activated. Results: All thyme varieties were found to possess considerable antioxidant activity and potent anti-inflammatory activity in the croton oil-induced edema. Administration of aqueous extracts of two varieties (50 mg/kg) (T. zygis and T. atlanticus) reduced significantly the carrageenan-induced paw edema similar to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (indomethacin, 10 mg/kg). In partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time tests, T. atlanticus and T. zygis extracts showed the strongest anticoagulant activity. In contrast, Thymus satureioides did not show the anticoagulant activity in these tests. Conclusions: All aqueous extracts possess considerable antioxidant activity and are rich in total polyphenol and flavonoid but they act differently in the process of inflammatory and coagulation studied. This study shows great variability of biological activities in thyme varieties