404 research outputs found
Cut-rose production in response to planting density in two contrasting cultivars
Growing in lower planting density, rose plants produce more assimilates, which can be used to produce more and/or heavier flowering shoots. The effect of planting density was investigated during a period including the first five flowering flushes of a young crop. In a heated greenhouse two cut-rose cultivars were grown under bent canopy management. âAkitoâ on own-roots and âIliosâ on âNatal Briarâ rootstock were planted with densities of 8 and 4 plants per m2. Starting at the end of June 2007, flowering shoots were harvested over a time span of eight months. Based on âflowering flushesâ, times of high harvest rate, the harvesting time span could be divided into five consecutive periods, each including one flush. The cultivars showed contrasting responses to planting density. In the first three periods the response in âIliosâ was extraordinary, because at low density plants did not produce more flowering shoots, as would be expected. However, the response in shoot fresh weight was larger for âIliosâ than for âAkitoâ, 35% compared to 21% over the entire study period. The results imply that there was a genetic difference in the effect of assimilate availability and/or local light environment. During the first three periods, these factors can not have influenced shoot number in âIliosâ, while they did in âAkitoâ. It is suggested that decreases of assimilate availability in winter caused the shoot number response to emerge for âIliosâ later on
Tetrahedral Symmetry in Ground- and Low-Lying States of Exotic A ~ 110 Nuclei
Recent theoretical calculations predict a possible existence of nuclei with
tetrahedral symmetry: more precisely, the mean-field hamiltonians of such
nuclei are symmetric with respect to double point-group Td. In this paper, we
focus on the neutron-rich Zirconium isotopes as an example and present
realistic mean-field calculations which predict tetrahedral ground-state
configurations in 108,110Zr and low-lying excited states of tetrahedral
symmetry in a number of N > 66 isotopes. The motivations for focusing on these
nuclei, as well as a discussion of the possible experimental signatures of
tetrahedral symmetry are also presented.Comment: Accepted in Phys. Rev. C - Rapid Communication
Spectroscopy of P using the one-proton knockout reaction
The structure of P was studied with a one-proton knockout reaction
at88~MeV/u from a S projectile beam at NSCL. The rays from
thedepopulation of excited states in P were detected with GRETINA,
whilethe P nuclei were identified event-by-event in the focal plane of
theS800 spectrograph. The level scheme of P was deduced up to 7.5 MeV
using coincidences. The observed levels were attributed to
protonremovals from the -shell and also from the deeply-bound
orbital.The orbital angular momentum of each state was derived from the
comparisonbetween experimental and calculated shapes of individual
(-gated)parallel momentum distributions. Despite the use of different
reactions andtheir associate models, spectroscopic factors, , derived
from theS knockout reaction agree with those obtained earlier
fromS(,\nuc{3}{He}) transfer, if a reduction factor , as
deducedfrom inclusive one-nucleon removal cross sections, is applied to the
knockout transitions.In addition to the expected proton-hole configurations,
other states were observedwith individual cross sections of the order of
0.5~mb. Based on their shiftedparallel momentum distributions, their decay
modes to negative parity states,their high excitation energy (around 4.7~MeV)
and the fact that they were notobserved in the (,\nuc{3}{He}) reaction, we
propose that they may resultfrom a two-step mechanism or a nucleon-exchange
reaction with subsequent neutronevaporation. Regardless of the mechanism, that
could not yet be clarified, thesestates likely correspond to neutron core
excitations in \nuc{35}{P}. Thisnewly-identified pathway, although weak, offers
the possibility to selectivelypopulate certain intruder configurations that are
otherwise hard to produceand identify.Comment: 5 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in Physical Review
Shell Model Study of the Neutron-Rich Nuclei around N=28
We describe the properties of the neutron rich nuclei around N=28 in the
shell mode framework. The valence space comprises the shell for protons an
the shell for neutrons without any restriction. Good agreement is found
with the available experimental data. The N=28 shell closure, even if eroded
due to the large neutron excess, persists. The calculations predict that
S and S are deformed with and
respectively.Comment: 17 pages and 19 figures, LateX, RevTe
How magic is the magic 68Ni nucleus?
We calculate the B(E2) strength in 68Ni and other nickel isotopes using
several theoretical approaches. We find that in 68Ni the gamma transition to
the first 2+ state exhausts only a fraction of the total B(E2) strength, which
is mainly collected in excited states around 5 MeV. This effect is sensitive to
the energy splitting between the fp shell and the g_{9/2}orbital. We argue that
the small experimental B(E2) value is not strong evidence for the double-magic
character of 68Ni.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Spectroscopy of Na: shell evolution toward the drip line
Excited states in Na have been studied using the -decay of
implanted Ne ions at GANIL/LISE as well as the in-beam -ray
spectroscopy at the NSCL/S800 facility. New states of positive
(J=3,4) and negative (J=1-5) parity are proposed. The
former arise from the coupling between 0d protons and a 0d
neutron, while the latter are due to couplings with 1p or 0f
neutrons. While the relative energies between the J=1-4 states are
well reproduced with the USDA interaction in the N=17 isotones, a progressive
shift in the ground state binding energy (by about 500 keV) is observed between
F and Al. This points to a possible change in the proton-neutron
0d-0d effective interaction when moving from stability to the
drip line. The presence of J=1-4 negative parity states around 1.5
MeV as well as of a candidate for a J=5 state around 2.5 MeV give
further support to the collapse of the N=20 gap and to the inversion between
the 0f and 1p levels below Z=12. These features are discussed
in the framework of Shell Model and EDF calculations, leading to predicted
negative parity states in the low energy spectra of the F and O
nuclei.Comment: Exp\'erience GANIL/LISE et NSCL/S80
New pathway to bypass the 15O waiting point
We propose the sequential reaction process
O(,)O as a new pathway to bypass of the
O waiting point. This exotic reaction is found to have a surprisingly
high cross section, approximately 10 times higher than the
O(,)O. These cross sections were calculated after
precise measurements of energies and widths of the proton-unbound F low
lying states, obtained using the H(O,p)O reaction. The large
cross section can be understood to arise from the more
efficient feeding of the low energy wing of the ground state resonance by the
gamma decay. The implications of the new reaction in novae explosions and X-ray
bursts are discussed.Comment: submitte
Probing Nuclear forces beyond the drip-line using the mirror nuclei N and F
Radioactive beams of O and O were used to populate the resonant
states 1/2, 5/2 and in the unbound F and F
nuclei respectively by means of proton elastic scattering reactions in inverse
kinematics. Based on their large proton spectroscopic factor values, the
resonant states in F can be viewed as a core of O plus a proton
in the 2s or 1d shell and a neutron in 1p. Experimental
energies were used to derive the strength of the 2s-1p and
1d-1p proton-neutron interactions. It is found that the former
changes by 40% compared with the mirror nucleus N, and the second by
10%. This apparent symmetry breaking of the nuclear force between mirror nuclei
finds explanation in the role of the large coupling to the continuum for the
states built on an proton configuration.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication as a regular
article in Physical Review
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