Pseudogap temperature as a Widom line in doped Mott insulators

The pseudogap refers to an enigmatic state of matter with unusual physical properties found below a characteristic temperature $T^*$ in hole-doped high-temperature superconductors. Determining $T^*$ is critical for understanding this state. Here we study the simplest model of correlated electron systems, the Hubbard model, with cluster dynamical mean-field theory to find out whether the pseudogap can occur solely because of strong coupling physics and short nonlocal correlations. We find that the pseudogap characteristic temperature $T^*$ is a sharp crossover between different dynamical regimes along a line of thermodynamic anomalies that appears above a first-order phase transition, the Widom line. The Widom line emanating from the critical endpoint of a first-order transition is thus the organizing principle for the pseudogap phase diagram of the cuprates. No additional broken symmetry is necessary to explain the phenomenon. Broken symmetry states appear in the pseudogap and not the other way around.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures and supplementary information; published versio

Sign-problem-free quantum Monte Carlo of the onset of antiferromagnetism in metals

The quantum theory of antiferromagnetism in metals is necessary for our understanding of numerous intermetallic compounds of widespread interest. In these systems, a quantum critical point emerges as external parameters (such as chemical doping) are varied. Because of the strong coupling nature of this critical point, and the "sign problem" plaguing numerical quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) methods, its theoretical understanding is still incomplete. Here, we show that the universal low-energy theory for the onset of antiferromagnetism in a metal can be realized in lattice models, which are free from the sign problem and hence can be simulated efficiently with QMC. Our simulations show Fermi surface reconstruction and unconventional spin-singlet superconductivity across the critical point.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures; (v2) revised presentatio

Significant efficacy of 2-CdA with or without rituximab in the treatment of splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL)

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Rendimento de carcaça de frangos de corte alimentados com dietas peletizadas contendo glicerina bruta.

maior parte das dietas para frangos de corte são peletizadas e a glicerina bruta além de ser um alimento energético é um melhorador de peletes, contudo não há informações sobre a interação entre a peletização e o uso de glicerina bruta em características de carcaça de frangos de corte. Assim objetivou-se avaliar o rendimento de carcaça de frangos de corte alimentados com rações fareladas ou peletizadas com a inclusão de níveis crescentes de glicerina bruta. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos (peso) casualizados com 8 tratamentos e 8 repetições de 25 aves por unidade experimental, de acordo com um arranjo fatorial 2x4 (2 processamentos X 4 níveis de glicerina bruta: 0, 4, 8 e 12%). Aos 43 dias de idade 3 aves de cada box foram abatidas para avaliação de rendimento de carcaça e de cortes. O processamento influenciou o peso de carcaça e de cortes, contudo não houve o mesmo efeito para o rendimento, exceto para asas. Quanto ao uso de glicerina bruta, os pesos das carcaças e dos cortes apresentaram comportamento quadrático enquanto a gordura mostrou comportamento linear decrescente. Entretanto, para rendimento só houve efeito quadrático para carcaça, com ponto de máxima em 3,79%, aumento linear para asa e redução linear para gordura. O processamento de ração não afeta as características de carcaça avaliadas. A glicerina bruta melhora o rendimento de carcaça e reduz a deposição de gordura. Most diets for broilers are pelleted and crude glycerin is a pellet enhancer, in addition to be an energy source. However, there is no information about the interaction between pelleting and the use of crude glycerin on carcass characteristics of broilers. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate carcass yield of broilers fed with meal or pelleted diets with increasing levels of crude glycerin. The experimental design was in randomized complete blocks (weight) with 8 treatments and 8 replicates of 25 birds each, according to a 2x4 factorial arrangement (2 physical forms X 4 levels of crude glycerin: 0, 4, 8 and 12%). Three birds from each pen were slaughtered at 43 days of age to evaluate carcass yield and cuts. Physical form of diet influenced the weight of carcass and cuts, but there was not any effect on yield, except for wings. Regarding the use of crude glycerin, carcass and cuts weights showed quadratic behavior while fat showed a decreasing linear effect. Yield showed quadratic effect only for carcass, with a maximum point at 3.79%, linear increase in wing and linear reduction for fat. Feed processing does not affect carcass yield while crude glycerin improves carcass yield and reduces fat deposition

Incidence of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers in Salento (Southern Italy): A 15-Year Retrospective Analysis from the Cancer Registry of Lecce

Background and Objectives: Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) include basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC), as well as a wide range of rare skin tumors. NMSCs is the most frequently diagnosed type of tumor among Caucasians. We aimed at estimating the incidence and mortality of NMSCs in the Salento area (Lecce province, Southern Italy), whose population is assumed to experience heavy and frequent sun exposure due to climatic/environmental factors, both for working and leisure activities. Materials and Methods: We computed the incidence of NMSCs in the Province of Lecce by examining the comprehensive real-world data collected by the local cancer registry, which covers all the 830,000 inhabitants, over a period of fifteen years (from 2003 to 2017), with a focus on the latest 5 years (2013–2017) for the analysis of the different histologic morphologies of these tumors. The incidence of NMSCs has been described in terms of absolute frequencies, crude rates and age-adjusted direct standardized rates (DSR). Joinpoint analysis was used to examine temporal trends in the incidence of NMSCs and estimate annual percent changes (APCs). Results: During the period of 2003–2017, the incidence of NMSCs reached a direct standardized rate (DSR) of 162.62 per 100,000 in men (mortality 1.57 per 100,000) and 89.36 per 100,000 in women (mortality 0.52 per 100,000), respectively. The incidence significantly increased among both men and women across the entire period. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), with its different morphologies, represented about 67.6% of the NMSCs in men (n = 2139 out of a total of 3161 tumors observed between 2013 and 2017) and about 75.8% of the NMSCs in women (n = 1718 out of a total of 2264 tumors from 2013 to 2017), thus accounting for the vast majority of NMSCs. The results are consistent with the literature data carried out both at national and international level. Conclusions: Proper monitoring of this phenomenon through timely reporting and recording of all new NMSC cases is necessary to develop new preventive strategies

Gemcitabine-releasing mesenchymal stromal cells inhibit in vitro proliferation of human pancreatic carcinoma cells

BACKGROUND AIMS: Pancreatic cancer (pCa) is a tumor characterized by a fibrotic state and associated with a poor prognosis. The observation that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) migrate toward inflammatory micro-environments and engraft into tumor stroma after systemic administration suggested new therapeutic approaches with the use of engineered MSCs to deliver and produce anti-cancer molecules directly within the tumor. Previously, we demonstrated that without any genetic modifications, MSCs are able to deliver anti-cancer drugs. MSCs loaded with paclitaxel by exposure to high concentrations release the drug both in vitro and in vivo, inhibiting tumor proliferation. On the basis of these observations, we evaluated the ability of MSCs (from bone marrow and pancreas) to uptake and release gemcitabine (GCB), a drug widely used in pCa treatment. METHODS: MSCs were primed by 24-h exposure to 2000 ng/mL of GCB. The anti-tumor potential of primed MSCs was then investigated by in vitro anti-proliferation assays with the use of CFPAC-1, a pancreatic tumor cell line sensitive to GCB. The uptake/release ability was confirmed by means of high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. A cell-cycle study and secretome evaluation were also conducted to better understand the characteristics of primed MSCs. RESULTS: GCB-releasing MSCs inhibit the growth of a human pCa cell line in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: The use of MSCs as a "trojan horse" can open the way to a new pCa therapeutic approach; GCB-loaded MSCs that integrate into the tumor mass could deliver much higher concentrations of the drug in situ than can be achieved by intravenous injection

YPSILANTI – VAMPIROS RONDAM O DIA DO TRABALHO

YPSILANTI – VAMPIROS RONDAM O DIA DO TRABALH