Bronchial or Laryngeal Obstruction Induced by Exercise?

A child suspected of exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction and asthma is examined by laryngoscopy and respiratory resistance (Rrs) after exercise challenge. Immediately at exercise cessation, the visualized adduction of the larynx in inspiration is reflected in a paroxystic increase in Rrs. While normal breathing has apparently resumed later on during recovery from exercise, the pattern of Rrs in inspiration is observed to reoccur following a deep breath or swallowing. The procedure may thus help diagnosing the site of exercise-induced obstruction when laryngoscopy is not available and identify re-inducers of laryngeal dysfunction

Evolving views in prion glycosylation: functional and pathological implications

International audiencePrion diseases form a group of neurodegenerative disorders with the unique feature of being transmissible. These diseases involve a pathogenic protein, called PrP(Sc) for the scrapie isoform of the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) which is an abnormally-folded counterpart of PrP(C). Many questions remain unresolved concerning the function of PrP(C) and the mechanisms underlying prion replication, transmission and neurodegeneration. PrP(C) is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein expressed at the cell surface of neurons and other cell types. PrP(C) may be present as distinct isoforms depending on proteolytic processing (full length and truncated), topology(GPI-anchored, transmembrane or soluble) and glycosylation (non- mono- and di-glycosylated). The present review focuses on the implications of PrP(C) glycosylation as to the function of the normal protein, the cellular pathways of conversion into PrP(Sc), the diversity of prion strains and the related selective neuronal targeting

Erratum to: Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition) (Autophagy, 12, 1, 1-222, 10.1080/15548627.2015.1100356

non present