Parent-Reported Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children with Intermittent Exotropia before and after Strabismus Surgery

∙ The authors have no financial conflicts of interest. © Copyright: Yonsei University College of Medicine 2012 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens

Phacoemulsification Alone versus Phacoemulsification Combined with Trabeculectomy for Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma

Surgical outcomes of phacoemulsification only and phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy were compared in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). Clinical records of 41 consecutive patients were retrospectively reviewed, and there was no difference in best-corrected visual acuity and intraocular pressure preoperatively and at the final follow-up in both study groups. Regarding the number of anti-glaucoma medications, it was higher in the phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy group preoperatively than the phacoemulsification only group (p = 0.045), but both groups were taking similar quantities of medication at the final follow-up (p = 0.6). In addition, postoperative hypotony (two cases) occurred only after phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy, but not after phacoemulsification only. In one case after phacoemulsification only, a second operation was needed. There were no additional postoperative complications. In conclusion, both phacoemulsification only and phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy showed good surgical outcomes in PACG patients. Both procedures might be equally effective in treating patients with PACG

Evaluation of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer in patients with idiopathic Optic Perineuritis using Optical Coherence Tomography

The aim of this study is to assess the effect of optic perineuritis (OPN) on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and the ability of optical coherence tomography(OCT) to evaluate the retinal nerve fiber loss after idiopathic optic perineuritis

Cryopreserved rabbit amniotic membrane alleviated inflammatory response and fibrosis following experimental strabismus surgery in rabbits.

We evaluate the ability of cryopreserved rabbit amniotic membrane (AM) transplantation to reduce postoperative inflammation and the extent of fibrosis following experimental strabismus surgery. Ten white rabbits underwent bilateral superior rectus (SR) muscle resection. In the left eye, the resected SR muscle was wrapped with cryopreserved rabbit AM. The right eye underwent SR resection only and served as a control. The eyes were enucleated 4 weeks after strabismus surgery. The degree of postoperative inflammatory infiltration, the extent of fibrosis, and profile of the relative expression of inflammatory mediators in the SR muscle were evaluated and compared between the two groups by histological analysis and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). There were statistically meaningful differences in the degree of postoperative inflammatory infiltration and extent of fibrosis between the eyes treated with cryopreserved rabbit AM after SR resection and those underwent SR resection only. A significant decrease in the expression of inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-12a, IL-12b, IL-17f, and tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α)], and a markedly increased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (transforming growth factor-beta-1(TGFβ-1) and IL-10) were observed in the eyes treated with cryopreserved rabbit AM. In this study, we demonstrate that cryopreserved rabbit AM is effective in reducing postoperative inflammation and extent of fibrosis in a rabbit model of strabismus surgery. Our results imply that cryopreserved AM allograft has anti-inflammatory and anti-scarring properties that can prevent postoperative adhesions following strabismus surgery

Comparison of the severity of postoperative fibrosis after strabismus surgery between group C and group AM.

<p>(A) Left, representative photographs of the superior rectus muscle and surrounding connective tissue with Masson Trichrome stain and 80x and 200x magnification. (B) <i>Right</i>, there was a statistically significant difference in mean fibrosis score between the control eyes (2.50 ± 0.61) and the AM eyes (1.43 ± 0.93; <i>p</i> = 0.015).</p

Atypical cases of Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy

To report atypical cases of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON

Relative expression of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

<p>Real-time PCR analysis was performed to assess the relative expression of inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-12a, IL-12b, IL-17f, IL-1b, IL-23p19, IL-17a), anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGF- β1), and the oxidative cytokines (ARG1, NOS2) in the eyes from group C and AM. Data are mean ± SD. **<i>P</i><0.01, *<i>P</i><0.05, group C (control) versus group AM (amniotic membrane).</p

Comparison of the severity of postoperative inflammation after experimental strabismus surgery between group C (control group) and group AM (Amniotic membrane).

<p>(A) <i>Left</i>, representative photographs of the superior rectus muscle and surrounding connective tissue with H&E stain and 100x and 400x magnification. (B) <i>Right</i>, There was a statistically significant difference in mean inflammatory score between the control eyes (2.25 ± 0.41) and AM eyes (1.61 ± 0.45; <i>p</i> = 0.048).</p

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) After Ascending Aorta Dissection Surgery

"Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a rare brain disorder that causes serious and progressive problems with control of gait and balance, along with complex eye movement and thinking problems. We present a case in which developed a neurologic syndrome including PSP after ascending aorta dissection surgery.