Latarjet Surgery Leads to Decreased Rates of Subjective Instability Compared to Bankart Repair with Concomitant Remplissage

Background: Predictive factors for performing remplissage concomitantly with arthroscopic Bankart repair include the presence of humeral or glenoid defects \u3e11% and/or revision surgery. International and societal consensus statements support these findings, as surgeons recommend the Latarjet procedure for patients with significant glenoid bone loss (\u3e15-20%) while remplissage is recommended for patients with off-track or engaging Hill-Sachs lesions without significant glenoid bone loss. While several studies have compared outcomes between Latarjet surgery and remplissage, these studies have only evaluated patients with engaging Hill-Sachs lesions, not consecutive patient cohorts indicated for each surgery. Purpose: To compare rates of recurrent instability, re-operation, revision, and return to play (RTP), as well as patient-reported outcomes including the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon Score (ASES), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), and Oxford Shoulder Instability Score (OSI) between Latarjet surgery and arthroscopic labral repair plus remplissage surgery (Remplissage) patients

TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits - the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants - determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits - almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

Distribution of arsenic and other metals in crayfish tissues (Procambarus clarkii) under different production practices

Gedik, Kenan/0000-0001-8244-6935WOS: 000389090100033PubMed: 27639469Louisiana is one of the world's largest producer of crayfish. Arsenic (As) and other metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) concentrations were determined in crayfish tissues, plant and soil samples collected from Louisiana paddy rice fields, where crayfish/rice rotation farming is a common practice. the samples were collected from November 2013 to April 2014 from three different crayfish farming systems. Concentration of As in rice grain, rice straw, and native vegetation ranged between 033 and 0.41, 3.14-4.93, and 326-5.89 mg kg(-1), respectively. the highest As levels in the crayfish external and internal body parts were found in gill (4.04 +/- 1.70 mg kg(-1)), followed by hepatopancreas (3.42 +/- 1.57 mg kg(-1)), exoskeleton (1.52 0.85 mg kg(-1)), and muscle (1.50 +/- 0.69 mg kg(-1)). Positive correlations between As levels in the crayfish muscle and the plant tissue on which they feed were found in all farming systems (r = 0.405-0.438). the biomagnification factor (BMF) of As in different tissues varied between 0.29 and 1.08, having gill and hepatopancreas were the highest As accumulation while the lowest biomagnification was observed in crayfish muscle tissues which is a food source for human. the As levels along with other metals in crayfish muscle tissue were in acceptable levels for human consumption under all crayfish/rice rotation practices. Further studies are needed in determining the percentage of organic and inorganic arsenic in crayfish tissue. Published by Elsevier B.V.Council of Higher Education of TurkeyMinistry of National Education - TurkeyWe would like to thank the Council of Higher Education of Turkey for supporting Kenan Gedik. We also thank William (Ray) McClain for suggestions and comments on the manuscript