Optimal design of queueing systems for using communication channels with multiple access

This article considers the mathematical model of queueing systems for the communication network with multiple access, which is used in the automated group of moving objects control systems. The dynamic communication model in the form of a single-line queuing model with the batch input claims was researched. The method of asymptotic analysis of the communication channel under a heavy load conditions was applied. As a result, the basic probabilistic characteristics of the system were obtained, including: the probability distribution of the waiting time values of the virtual claims, the average length of the queue claims at random time. It has been discovered that the characteristics of the communications models allow performing parametric optimization of communication networks, establishing the most appropriate values of the network parameters

Optimal design of queueing systems for using communication channels with multiple access

This article considers the mathematical model of queueing systems for the communication network with multiple access, which is used in the automated group of moving objects control systems. The dynamic communication model in the form of a single-line queuing model with the batch input claims was researched. The method of asymptotic analysis of the communication channel under a heavy load conditions was applied. As a result, the basic probabilistic characteristics of the system were obtained, including: the probability distribution of the waiting time values of the virtual claims, the average length of the queue claims at random time. It has been discovered that the characteristics of the communications models allow performing parametric optimization of communication networks, establishing the most appropriate values of the network parameters

An algorithm of the wildfire classification by its acoustic emission spectrum using Wireless Sensor Networks

Crown fires are extremely dangerous as the speed of their distribution is dozen times higher compared to surface fires. Therefore, it is important to classify the fire type as early as possible. A method for forest fires classification exploits their computed acoustic emission spectrum compared with a set of samples of the typical fire acoustic emission spectrum stored in the database. This method implies acquisition acoustic data using Wireless Sensors Networks (WSNs) and their analysis in a central processing and a control center. The paper deals with an algorithm which can be directly implemented on a sensor network node that will allow reducing considerably the network traffic and increasing its efficiency. It is hereby suggested to use the sum of the squares ratio, with regard to amplitudes of low and high frequencies of the wildfire acoustic emission spectrum, as the indicator of a forest fire type. It is shown that the value of the crown fires indicator is several times higher than that of the surface ones. This allows classifying the fire types (crown, surface) in a short time interval and transmitting a fire type indicator code alongside with an alarm signal through the network

Thermal "portrait" of sportsmen with different aerobic capacity

Nowadays thermography technique is widely used in clinical and diagnostic procedures. Thermal “portrait” fixed by infra-red thermotracer in rest conditions is characterized by mosaic temperature distribution on skin surface and large individual differences in this pattern. We obtained significant correlations between maximal and average temperature on sportsmen upper body part and important indexes of aerobic capacity – VO2max and anaerobic threshold. We suggest mechanisms responsible for its formation and also propose hypothesis assuming possible role of brown adipose tissue influence on thermal “portrait” forming

Correlation between the intensity of pulse longevity accumulation and the rate of oxygen demand formation and blood lactate accumulation in performing limiting cyclic exercises of different duration

The purpose of the study was to search for the relationship of Pulse Debt Accumulation Intensity (PDАI) with the rate of formation of oxygen demand and the accumulation of lactate in the blood during the performance of limiting cyclic exercises of various durations.Methods: 14 athletes‑cyclists (1st category, 20 ± 3 years, MОC — 52.9 ± 5.10 ml / min / kg), performed a series of bicycle ergometric exercises of maximum power on different days at a fixed duration of 10, 30, 60, 120, 360 and 1800 s. Based on the pulse sums of the five‑minute recovery (minus the pre‑start HR level) and the exercise time, the intensity of accumulation of pulse debt was calculated for all exercises in each subject. The rate of accumulation of lactate concentration in the blood (SNCL) and the rate of formation of oxygen demand (OCR) were also calculated.Results: SOCS, SNCL and PDАI have a close non‑linear relationship with exercise time (respectively: r2 = 0.84, r2 = 0.91, r2 = 0.96, at p < 0.05), as well as with relative exercise power (respectively: r2 = 0.80, r2 = 0.86, r2 = 0.90, at p < 0.05). INPD has a close relationship with SRCS and SNCL (respectively: r2 = 0.80, r2 = 0.94, p < 0.05).Conclusions: The results of the study make it possible to use the INPD heart rate indicator for a fairly reliable determination of exercise intensity and for predicting the level of lactate accumulation, and on this basis, determining the direction of the exercise and normalizing the training load

The model and the planning method of volume and variety assessment of innovative products in an industrial enterprise

In the long term, the innovative development strategy efficiency is considered as the most crucial condition for assurance of economic system competitiveness in market conditions. It determines the problem relevance of such justification strategies with regard to specific systems features and conditions of their operation. The problem solution for industrial enterprises can be based on mathematical models of supporting the decision-making on the elements of the innovative manufacturing program. An optimization model and the planning method of innovative products volume and variety are suggested. The feature of the suggested model lies in the nonlinear nature of the objective function. It allows taking into consideration the law of diminishing marginal utility. The suggested method of optimization takes into account the system features and enables the effective implementation of manufacturing capabilities in modern conditions of production organization and sales in terms of market saturation

Pattern of injury mortality by age-group in children aged 0–14 years in Scotland, 2002–2006, and its implications for prevention

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Knowledge of the epidemiology of injuries in children is essential for the planning, implementation and evaluation of preventive measures but recent epidemiological information on injuries in children both in general and by age-group in Scotland is scarce. This study examines the recent pattern of childhood mortality from injury by age-group in Scotland and considers its implications for prevention.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Routine mortality data for the period 2002–2006 were obtained from the General Register Office for Scotland and were analysed in terms of number of deaths, mean annual mortality rates per 100,000 population, leading causes of death, and causes of injury death. Mid-year population estimates were used as the denominator. Chi-square tests were used to determine statistical significance.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>186 children aged 0–14 died from an injury in Scotland during 2002–06 (MR 4.3 per 100,000). Injuries were the leading cause of death in 1–14, 5–9 and 10–14 year-olds (causing 25%, 29% and 32% of all deaths respectively). The leading individual causes of injury death (0–14 years) were pedestrian and non-pedestrian road-traffic injuries and assault/homicide but there was variation by age-group. Assault/homicide, fire and suffocation caused most injury deaths in young children; road-traffic injuries in older ones. Collectively, intentional injuries were a bigger threat to the lives of under-15s than any single cause of unintentional injury. The mortality rate from assault/homicide was highest in infants (<1 year) and decreased with increasing age. Children aged 5–9 were significantly less likely to die from an injury than 0–4 or 10–14 year-olds (p < 0.05). Suicide was an important cause of injury mortality in 10–14 year-olds.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Injuries continue to be a leading cause of death in childhood in Scotland. Variation in causes of injury death by age-group is important when targeting preventive efforts. In particular, the threats of assault/homicide in infants, fire in 1–4 year-olds, pedestrian injury in 5–14 year-olds, and suicide in 10–14 year-olds need urgent consideration for preventive action.</p