298 research outputs found
Leveraging generative artificial intelligence to simulate student learning behavior
Student simulation presents a transformative approach to enhance learning
outcomes, advance educational research, and ultimately shape the future of
effective pedagogy. We explore the feasibility of using large language models
(LLMs), a remarkable achievement in AI, to simulate student learning behaviors.
Unlike conventional machine learning based prediction, we leverage LLMs to
instantiate virtual students with specific demographics and uncover intricate
correlations among learning experiences, course materials, understanding
levels, and engagement. Our objective is not merely to predict learning
outcomes but to replicate learning behaviors and patterns of real students. We
validate this hypothesis through three experiments. The first experiment, based
on a dataset of N = 145, simulates student learning outcomes from demographic
data, revealing parallels with actual students concerning various demographic
factors. The second experiment (N = 4524) results in increasingly realistic
simulated behaviors with more assessment history for virtual students
modelling. The third experiment (N = 27), incorporating prior knowledge and
course interactions, indicates a strong link between virtual students' learning
behaviors and fine-grained mappings from test questions, course materials,
engagement and understanding levels. Collectively, these findings deepen our
understanding of LLMs and demonstrate its viability for student simulation,
empowering more adaptable curricula design to enhance inclusivity and
educational effectiveness
Tactile Bodily Gaze Mapping Could Regulate Human Attention
Increasing individuals' awareness of their own body signals can lead to
improved interoception, enabling the brain to estimate current body states more
accurately and in a timely manner. However, certain body signals, such as eye
movements, often go unnoticed by individuals themselves. This study aimed to
test the hypothesis that providing eye-movement-correlated tactile feedback on
the body enhances individuals' awareness of their attentive states,
subsequently improving attention. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of
such feedback in redirecting and enhancing attention, particularly in the
presence of distractions during long-duration tasks. Additionally, we observed
that people's gaze behaviors changed in response to the tactile feedback,
suggesting an increased self-awareness of current eye movements and attentive
states. Ultimately, these changes in gaze behaviors contribute to the
modulation of attentive states. Our findings highlight the potential of
eye-movement-correlated bodily tactile feedback to increase individuals'
self-awareness of their eye movements and attentive states. By providing
real-time feedback through tactile stimuli, we can actively engage individuals
in regulating their attention and enhancing their overall performance.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Basis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Uveal Melanoma
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy with a strong tendency to metastasize. The prognosis is poor once metastasis occurs. The treatment remains challenging for metastatic UM, even though our understanding of UM has advanced. Risk factors for developing UM include ages, skin colors, and genetic mutations. Many therapies that have applied to cutaneous melanoma have little or no success in UM. Various forms and combinations of radiotherapy, phototherapy, and local resection are utilized for advanced cases. The treatment aims to preserve the eye and useful vision and prevent metastases. This chapter aims to introduce the current study for UM
A Beam-Steering Reflectarray Antenna with Arbitrary Linear-Polarization Reconfiguration
This work presents a beam-steering reflectarray antenna capable of achieving
arbitrary linear polarization (LP) reconfiguration. It utilizes a dual-circular
polarization (CP) reconfigurable reflectarray, along with an LP feed horn, to
synthesize a LP beam by combining two reflected CP beams in the same direction.
The LP states can be dynamically adjusted by tuning the phase constants of the
array, which correspondingly modify the wave phases. Experimental validation of
the proposed polarization synthesis concept is conducted using a 1616
dual-CP 1-bit reconfigurable reflectarray operating at 16.8 GHz. This
reflectarray generates reconfigurable LP waves with polarization states of
LP(0), LP(45), LP(90) and LP(135). Furthermore,
it demonstrates the capability to perform beam scanning, allowing for versatile
beam manipulation. The application of this polarization-reconfigurable
beam-steering reflectarray is pertinent to beam alignment and polarization
synchronization in various wireless communication scenarios, including
satellite communication and mobile communication
Development and Validation of A Rapid LC-MS/MS Method forTthe Determination of JCC76, A Novel Antitumor Agent for Breast Cancer, in Rat Plasma and Its Application to A Pharmacokinetics Study
JCC76 is a novel nimesulide analog that selectively inhibits the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpressing breast cancer cell proliferation and tumor progression. To support further pharmacological and toxicological studies of JCC76, a novel and rapid method using liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) has been developed and validated for the quantification of the compound in rat plasma. A C18 column was used for chromatographic separation, and the mobile phase was aqueous ammonium formate (pH 3.7; 5 mm)–methanol (1:9, v/v) with an isocratic elution. With a simple liquid–liquid extraction procedure using the mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether–hexane (1:2, v/v), the mean extraction efficiency of JCC76 in rat plasma was determined as 89.5–97.3% and no obvious matrix effect was observed. This method demonstrated a linear calibration range from 0.3 to 100 ng/mL for JCC76 in rat plasma and a small volume of sample consumption. The intra- and inter-assay accuracy and precision were within ±10%. The pharmacokinetics of JCC76 was also profiled using this validated method in rats. In conclusion, this rapid and sensitive method has been proven to effectively quantify JCC76 for pharmacokinetics study
Fine-grained fault recognition method for shaft orbit of rotary machine based on convolutional neural network
In the fault diagnosis of the shaft orbit of rotating machinery, there are few prejudgments about the severity of the faults, which is very important for fault repair. Therefore, a fine-grained recognition method is proposed to detect different severity faults by shaft orbit. Since different shaft orbits represent different type and different severity of faults, the convolutional neural network (CNN) is applied for identifying the shaft orbits to recognize the type and severity of the fault. The recognition rate of proposed fine-grained fault identification method is 97.96Â % on the simulated shaft orbit database, and it takes only 0.31 milliseconds for the recognition of single sample. Experimental result indicated that the classification performance of the proposed method are better than the traditional machine learning models. Moreover, the method is applied for the identification of the measured shaft orbits of rotor with different degree of imbalance faults, and the testing accuracy of the experiments in measured shaft orbits is 97.14Â %, which has verified the effectiveness of the proposed fine-grained fault recognition method
A Multi-Granularity Matching Attention Network for Query Intent Classification in E-commerce Retrieval
Query intent classification, which aims at assisting customers to find
desired products, has become an essential component of the e-commerce search.
Existing query intent classification models either design more exquisite models
to enhance the representation learning of queries or explore label-graph and
multi-task to facilitate models to learn external information. However, these
models cannot capture multi-granularity matching features from queries and
categories, which makes them hard to mitigate the gap in the expression between
informal queries and categories.
This paper proposes a Multi-granularity Matching Attention Network (MMAN),
which contains three modules: a self-matching module, a char-level matching
module, and a semantic-level matching module to comprehensively extract
features from the query and a query-category interaction matrix. In this way,
the model can eliminate the difference in expression between queries and
categories for query intent classification. We conduct extensive offline and
online A/B experiments, and the results show that the MMAN significantly
outperforms the strong baselines, which shows the superiority and effectiveness
of MMAN. MMAN has been deployed in production and brings great commercial value
for our company.Comment: Accepted by WWW 202
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