2,975 research outputs found
Optimization of irrigation scheduling for spring wheat based on simulation-optimization model under uncertainty
Electrical Probing of Field-Driven Cascading Quantized Transitions of Skyrmion Cluster States in MnSi Nanowires
Magnetic skyrmions are topologically stable whirlpool-like spin textures that
offer great promise as information carriers for future ultra-dense memory and
logic devices1-4. To enable such applications, particular attention has been
focused on the skyrmions properties in highly confined geometry such as one
dimensional nanowires5-8. Hitherto it is still experimentally unclear what
happens when the width of the nanowire is comparable to that of a single
skyrmion. Here we report the experimental demonstration of such scheme, where
magnetic field-driven skyrmion cluster (SC) states with small numbers of
skyrmions were demonstrated to exist on the cross-sections of ultra-narrow
single-crystal MnSi nanowires (NWs) with diameters, comparable to the skyrmion
lattice constant (18 nm). In contrast to the skyrmion lattice in bulk MnSi
samples, the skyrmion clusters lead to anomalous magnetoresistance (MR)
behavior measured under magnetic field parallel to the NW long axis, where
quantized jumps in MR are observed and directly associated with the change of
the skyrmion number in the cluster, which is supported by Monte Carlo
simulations. These jumps show the key difference between the clustering and
crystalline states of skyrmions, and lay a solid foundation to realize
skyrmion-based memory devices that the number of skyrmions can be counted via
conventional electrical measurements
A framework for digital sunken relief generation based on 3D geometric models
Sunken relief is a special art form of sculpture whereby the depicted shapes are sunk into a given surface. This is traditionally created by laboriously carving materials such as stone. Sunken reliefs often utilize the engraved lines or strokes to strengthen the impressions of a 3D presence and to highlight the features which otherwise are unrevealed. In other types of reliefs, smooth surfaces and their shadows convey such information in a coherent manner. Existing methods for relief generation are focused on forming a smooth surface with a shallow depth which provides the presence of 3D figures. Such methods unfortunately do not help the art form of sunken reliefs as they omit the presence of feature lines. We propose a framework to produce sunken reliefs from a known 3D geometry, which transforms the 3D objects into three layers of input to incorporate the contour lines seamlessly with the smooth surfaces. The three input layers take the advantages of the geometric information and the visual cues to assist the relief generation. This framework alters existing techniques in line drawings and relief generation, and then combines them organically for this particular purpose
Recommended from our members
Pathogenic Role of mTORC1 and mTORC2 in Pulmonary Hypertension.
Concentric lung vascular wall thickening due to enhanced proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells is an important pathological cause for the elevated pulmonary vascular resistance reported in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. We identified a differential role of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 and complex 2, two functionally distinct mTOR complexes, in the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Inhibition of mTOR complex 1 attenuated the development of PH; however, inhibition of mTOR complex 2 caused spontaneous PH, potentially due to up-regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptors in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells, and compromised the therapeutic effect of the mTOR inhibitors on PH. In addition, we describe a promising therapeutic strategy using combination treatment with the mTOR inhibitors and the platelet-derived growth factor receptor inhibitors on PH and right ventricular hypertrophy. The data from this study provide an important mechanism-based perspective for developing novel therapies for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and right heart failure
First results on the cluster galaxy population from the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam survey. II. Faint end color-magnitude diagrams and radial profiles of red and blue galaxies at
We present a statistical study of the redshift evolution of the cluster
galaxy population over a wide redshift range from 0.1 to 1.1, using
optically-selected CAMIRA clusters from ~deg of the Hyper
Suprime-Cam (HSC) Wide S16A data. Our stacking technique with a statistical
background subtraction reveals color-magnitude diagrams of red-sequence and
blue cluster galaxies down to faint magnitudes of . We find that
the linear relation of red-sequence galaxies in the color-magnitude diagram
extends down to the faintest magnitudes we explore with a small intrinsic
scatter . The scatter does not evolve significantly
with redshift. The stacked color-magnitude diagrams are used to define red and
blue galaxies in clusters for studying their radial number density profiles
without resorting to photometric redshifts of individual galaxies. We find that
red galaxies are significantly more concentrated toward cluster centers and
blue galaxies dominate the outskirt of clusters. We explore the fraction of red
galaxies in clusters as a function of redshift, and find that the red fraction
decreases with increasing distances from cluster centers. The red fraction
exhibits a moderate decrease with increasing redshift. The radial number
density profiles of cluster member galaxies are also used to infer the location
of the steepest slope in the three dimensional galaxy density profiles. For a
fixed threshold in richness, we find little redshift evolution in this
location.Comment: 18pages, 10 figures, accepted as PASJ special issu
- …