Une certaine odeur [extrait]

This race and this country and this life produced me... and I shall express myself as I am.James Joyce, Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man – Votre adresse ? a dit l'officier. – Je n'en ai pas. Il m'a regardé d'un air étonné. – Où vous allez, alors ? Vous allez habiter où ? – Je ne sais pas. Je n'ai personne. – Je ne peux pas vous laissez sortir comme ça. – Je vivais seul avant. – Il faut qu'on puisse vous trouver tous les soirs. Un agent va vous accompagner. C'est ainsi qu'on s'est retrouv..

Une certaine odeur

Yéhia Hakki, rencontré récemment à quelque occasion, me demanda si je me souvenais de sa critique de mon premier roman, Cette odeur-là, lors de sa parution en février 1966. Comme je lui répondais que oui, il voulut savoir ce que j'en pensais maintenant, près de vingt ans après, et, plus généralement, comment je jugeais le livre. Sur le moment, j'avais presque tout oublié du roman : je ne l'avais pas relu depuis des années, et je n'ai pas pour habitude de revenir à ce que j'ai écrit – expérien..

Une certaine odeur [extrait]

This race and this country and this life produced me... and I shall express myself as I am.James Joyce, Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man – Votre adresse ? a dit l'officier. – Je n'en ai pas. Il m'a regardé d'un air étonné. – Où vous allez, alors ? Vous allez habiter où ? – Je ne sais pas. Je n'ai personne. – Je ne peux pas vous laissez sortir comme ça. – Je vivais seul avant. – Il faut qu'on puisse vous trouver tous les soirs. Un agent va vous accompagner. C'est ainsi qu'on s'est retrouv..

Systematic review of the safety of medication use in inpatient, outpatient and primary care settings in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries

Background Errors in medication use are a patient safety concern globally, with different regions reporting differing error rates, causes of errors and proposed solutions. The objectives of this review were to identify, summarise, review and evaluate published studies on medication errors, drug related problems and adverse drug events in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Methods A systematic review was carried out using six databases, searching for literature published between January 1990 and August 2016. Research articles focussing on medication errors, drug related problems or adverse drug events within different healthcare settings in the GCC were included. Results Of 2094 records screened, 54 studies met our inclusion criteria. Kuwait was the only GCC country with no studies included. Prescribing errors were reported to be as high as 91% of a sample of primary care prescriptions analysed in one study. Of drug-related admissions evaluated in the emergency department the most common reason was patient non-compliance. In the inpatient care setting, a study of review of patient charts and medication orders identified prescribing errors in 7% of medication orders, another reported prescribing errors present in 56% of medication orders. The majority of drug related problems identified in inpatient paediatric wards were judged to be preventable. Adverse drug events were reported to occur in 8.5–16.9 per 100 admissions with up to 30% judged preventable, with occurrence being highest in the intensive care unit. Dosing errors were common in inpatient, outpatient and primary care settings. Omission of the administered dose as well as omission of prescribed medication at medication reconciliation were common. Studies of pharmacists’ interventions in clinical practice reported a varying level of acceptance, ranging from 53% to 98% of pharmacists’ recommendations. Conclusions Studies of medication errors, drug related problems and adverse drug events are increasing in the GCC. However, variation in methods, definitions and denominators preclude calculation of an overall error rate. Research with more robust methodologies and longer follow up periods is now required.Peer reviewe

Vers une économie libérale ?

L’Égypte s’est engagée, depuis 1990, dans un programme de stabilisation et d’ajustement structurel, finalement conclu avec le FMI en 1991. D’autres accords similaires l’ont précédé en 1962, 1964, 1978, 1986. Celui en cours a la particularité de toucher à tous les secteurs de l’économie égyptienne. Il survient, de plus, dans un contexte international nouveau : la fin du conflit est-ouest et la disparition de l’Union soviétique. L’Égypte ne peut plus jouer des rivalités entre grandes puissances, ni profiter d’un traitement privilégié dans ses échanges avec les pays de l’ex-Union Soviétique. Le nouvel ordre mondial qui s’est manifesté lors de la guerre du Golfe a fortement marqué les esprits, et le lien entre la suppression d’une partie de la dette égyptienne et la position du gouvernement égyptien durant le conflit est systématiquement mis en valeur par les autorités. La très forte dépendance de l’économie égyptienne des financements extérieurs explique en partie l’adoption, par le gouvernement égyptien, d’un programme d’ajustement structurel et de stabilisation, conclu en juillet 1991 avec le FMI. […

Medication reconciliation service conducted by clinical pharmacists in Qatar

[No abstract available]Scopu

Assessment of antimicrobial stewardship programs within governmental hospitals in Qatar: a SWOC analysis

OBJECTIVES: Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide public health issue that requires emergent action. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have been proposed as a strategy to minimise resistance. Although ASPs were implemented in governmental hospitals in Qatar since 2015, a formal evaluation of these programs has not been conducted. We aimed to assess the status of ASPs in Qatar and to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges (SWOC) to further enhance ASPs within Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC). METHODS: Lead stakeholders of ASPs in HMC filled a questionnaire adapted from the 2019 Centers for Disease Control Prevention checklist for ASPs. Notes were taken by research team to assist in formulating a SWOC analysis. KEY FINDINGS: All hospitals (12/12) had an infectious diseases physician and pharmacist designated as an ASP leader (major strength identified). Almost all hospitals lack a financial statement and information technology resources to support ASPs (major weaknesses identified). Nine hospitals had an antibiotic pre-authorisation policy and adopted a prospective audit with feedback strategy. Among hospitals surveyed, 11 hospitals tracked antibiotic use by measuring the defined daily dose, and only four hospitals tracked rates of Clostridioides difficile infection. Qatar's rich economy supports the allocation of financial resources and budgeting to improve ASPs despite the increased emergence of resistant organisms and the limited resources currently available to expand ASPs across the country's healthcare settings. CONCLUSIONS: Although ASPs were implemented in all governmental hospitals in Qatar, national efforts and more resources are needed to further develop and improve these programs