Simultaneous immunization with Omp25 and L7/L12 provides protection against brucellosis in mice

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Role of FNAC in the diagnosis of intraosseous jaw lesions

Background: FNAC of intraosseous jaw lesions has not been widely utilized for diagnosis due to rarity and diversity of these lesions, limited experience and lack of well established cytological features. Aim of the study was to determine the role of FNAC in the diagnosis of intraosseous jaw swellings. Material and Methods: 42 patients underwent FNAC over a period of 7 years (2007-2013), of which 37 (88.1%) aspirates were diagnostic. Histopathology correlation was available in 33 cases and diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was calculated. Results: Lesions were categorized into inflammatory 3, cysts/hamartomas 15 and neoplasms 19. Mandibular and maxillary involvement was seen in 21 and 16 patients respectively. Of these, benign cysts and malignant lesions were commonest, accounting for 27% lesions (10 cases) each. One case of cystic ameloblastoma was misdiagnosed as odontogenic cyst on cytology. Overall, sensitivity and specificity of FNAC were 94.7% and 100% respectively with a diagnostic accuracy of 97.3%. Definitive categorization of giant cell lesions, fibro-osseous lesions, odontogenic tumors and cystic lesions was not feasible on FNAC. Conclusions: FNAC is a simple, safe and minimally invasive first line investigation which can render an accurate preoperative diagnosis of intraosseous jaw lesions, especially the malignant ones in the light of clinic-radiological correlation

Torsion of paratubal cyst - a rare cause of acute abdominal pain in an adolescent: case report and review of literature

Twisted paraovarian cyst is rare. However, it should be kept as differential diagnosis in any case presenting with pain abdomen. We report a case of a young girl who presented in our OPD with abdominal pain and had twisted paratubal cyst whose torsion had let to spontaneous fimbrial amputation and was managed laparoscopically. 16 years old girl presented in Gynaecology OPD with acute lower abdominal pain with vomiting. Ultrasound done showed a paraovarian cyst on left, 10x7 cm with normal bilateral ovaries. A laparoscopy was done which showed a large gangrenous cyst on left with detached fimbria over it, bilateral ovaries were normal. Laparoscopic cystectomy was done and cyst removed through 10 mm port. Though benign in nature, rarely paraovarian cyst can undergo torsion causing acute pain and can rarely compromise fertility

An observational study of cytopathological analysis of ascitic fluid or peritoneal washings cytology in ovarian neoplasms: correlation with histopathological parameters

Background: Analysis of ascitic fluid and peritoneal washing cytology serves as a useful predictor of ovarian surface involvement and peritoneal metastasis even in the absence of clinical omental spread. The aim of the current study is to correlate peritoneal cytology with various histologic features of ovarian cancers.Methods: It is a retrospective study.  A total of 30 cases of ovarian neoplasms were included in the study. Results of peritoneal cytology were correlated with various histologic features of ovarian tumors including histologic type, grade, tumor size, capsular invasion, and omental metastasis, using chi-square test. A p value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Out of the 30 cases of ovarian tumors involved in the study, twenty-five cases were surface epithelial tumors, two sex-cord stromal tumors, one germ cell tumor, one primary ovarian lymphoma and one metastatic carcinoma. Capsular invasion was seen in 56.3 % of the cases, and omental metastasis in 46.6 % of the cases. A significant positive correlation was seen between positive peritoneal cytology and capsular invasion and omental metastasis with a p value of <0.001.Conclusions: Peritoneal fluid cytology is an indicator of peritoneal metastasis. Positive cytology also correlates with capsular invasion and histologic type in ovarian tumors. Therefore, it should always be used as an adjunctive tool in the surgical management of ovarian tumors

Effect of salinity stress on phytochemical characteristics of Centella asiatica

Salinity is one of the predominant abiotic stresses which affects plant growth by inducing excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that leads to oxidative damage of plant cells. Plants alleviate salinity stress by regulating intracellular concentrations of various phytochemicals like phenol, tannin, antioxidants, etc. The present work aimed to study the impact of salt stress on the production of various phytochemicals like phenol, tannin, flavonoids, antioxidants, total protein content, etc. The Salt stress response of the test plant Centella asiatica was studied by irrigating variant concentrations (50mM, 100mm, 150mm, 200mM, 250mm) of salt (NaCl). The phytochemical activity of the plants grown under salinity stress was estimated by using an appropriate biochemical assay. Comparative analysis of the photochemical activity of the test plants in comparison with the control revealed that various phytochemicals were increased in response to salt stress. Salt stress increased the levels of antioxidants from 10.79 to 14.31 μg/ml), phenol from 30.8 to 43.3 in μg/ml, flavonoids (from 490 to 683.33 in μg/ml), tannin from 55.5 to 64.5 in μg/ml, and proteins from 5720 to 6080 in μg/ml in the C. asiatica plants. To sum up, salt stress elicited phytochemical accumulation in the C. asiatica plant, thereby improving the plant's growth by enhancing its resistance to salt stress. This finding may play an important role in the sustainable cultivation of commercially important crops like C. asiatica

Local Drug Delivery Systems in the Management of Periodontitis: A Scientific Review

A microbial disease of the tissues supporting teeth, periodontitis (PD) causes the surrounding soft and hard tissues to gradually deteriorate, eventually leading to tooth movement and exfoliation. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease induced by complex interactions between the host immune system and pathogens that affect the integrity of teeth supporting tissues. To prevent disease progression and thus preserve the alveolar bone structure, simultaneous anti-inflammatory and osteogenic intervention is essential. Selection of a right antimicrobial agent with appropriate route of drug administration is the key to successful periodontal therapy. Irrigating systems, fibers, gels, strips, films, micro particles, nanoparticles and and low dose antimicrobial agents are some of the local drug delivery systems (LDDS) available in the field, which aims to deliver antimicrobial agents to sub-gingival diseased sites with minimal or no side-effects on other body sites. The present review aim to summarize the current state-of-the-art technology on LDDS in periodontal therapy ensuring the practitioners are able to choose LDD agents which are custom made for a specific clinical condition

Biodegradation of textile dye effluent through Indigenous bacteria

The textile industry is considered as one of the major generators of toxic chemical wastewater in India. Dyes released by the textile industries pose a threat to environmental safety. Dye decolorization through biological means has gained momentum as these are cheap and can be applied to a wide range of dyes. The present study concentrates in the isolation, identification of indigenous bacteria namely D1, D2, D3 and D4 from textile dye effluent collected from the local textile dyeing shop located at Gurahakuan, Banda district, Uttar Pradesh, India, and evaluation of their ability to decolorize dyes sample. The isolated bacteria were identified through morphological and biochemical characteristics. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of isolated bacteria showed that all the bacteria appeared rod-shaped with size ranging from 1.33 to 2.84 μm. The physico-chemical analysis of dye effluent indicated the bluish-black color of the effluent having pH of about 8. The Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) value of the raw sample was estimated to be 470 mg/l and 800 mg/l, respectively, for dye effluent sample. The value of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and total Suspended Solids (TSS) was estimated to be 1760 mg/l and 560 mg/l, respectively, in our dye effluent sample. The study aims to isolate and optimize four bacterial isolates having the ability to degrade and decolorize azo dyes produced in the final dying effluent. The optimization results revealed that all the bacteria showed maximum growth at pH 8, temperature 35°C and declines further. All the isolated bacterial species showed significant potential for dye decolorization and degradation at varying wavelengths such as 420, 480, 506, 520, 620 and 668 nm but maximum removal of color (about 88%) was obtained at 668 nm after 48h by bacterial isolate D3. Thus, these selected native bacteria can be employed as a vital biological tool for developing decentralized wastewater treatment systems for decolorization of dye effluents through biosorption or biodegradation which is a cost-effective process