13 research outputs found
PrzekĆad tekstĂłw skonwencjonalizowanych â wybrane problemy
The article presents the issue of translation of conventionalized texts as perceived by a translatologist. First of all, it attempts at answering the question on the nature and features of conventionalized texts and then it tries to describe the problems that might be encountered during the translation process. Those problems are the following: lack of language model, apparently common models and diff erences of language models on the structural, pragmatic, lexical and stylistic levels. Frequently, these problems appear at the same time. The translator is capable of facing them only when he has textual and cultural competence.ArtykuĆ przedstawia problematykÄ tekstĂłw skonwencjonalizowanych z punktu widzenia translatologa. Stara siÄ w pierwszej kolejnoĆci odpowiedzieÄ na pytanie, czym sÄ
teksty skonwencjonalizowane, a nastÄpnie opisaÄ problemy, jakie moĆŒe stwarzaÄ ich przekĆad
Profils du concept de Pologne dans la revue Polska en 1968. Ătude des textes de propagande extĂ©rieure Ă destination des lecteurs du premier, du second et du tiers monde
This paper examines the profiles of the concept of Poland based on a corpus of foreign propaganda texts published in French and Slovak in 1968. The texts analysed come from three magazines: La Pologne, Polsko and La Revue Polonaise, created by political decision of the communist leaders to disseminate a positive image of Poland abroad. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that the three profiles of the concept of Poland, aimed at first, second and third-world audiences, are different from each other due to differences motivated by extra-linguistic factors, and in particular, the various objectives of the countryâs foreign policy. The study is inspired by the work of the Lublin School of Ethnolinguistics on the linguistic representation of reality. Its methods make it possible to identify variants of the representation of an object through the examination of textual data, such as the ways of naming it, the semantic relations of synonymy and antonymy, or the series of its aspects mobilised in the discourse.This paper examines the profiles of the concept of Poland based on a corpus of foreign propaganda texts published in French and Slovak in 1968. The texts analysed come from three magazines: La Pologne, Polsko and La Revue Polonaise, created by political decision of the communist leaders to disseminate a positive image of Poland abroad. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that the three profiles of the concept of Poland, aimed at first, second and third-world audiences, are different from each other due to differences motivated by extra-linguistic factors, and in particular, the various objectives of the countryâs foreign policy. The study is inspired by the work of the Lublin School of Ethnolinguistics on the linguistic representation of reality. Its methods make it possible to identify variants of the representation of an object through the examination of textual data, such as the ways of naming it, the semantic relations of synonymy and antonymy, or the series of its aspects mobilised in the discourse
Trois portraits de traductrices polonaises ( « Trzy tĆumaczki » , par Krzysztof UmiĆski, Wydawnictwo Marginesy, Warszawa 2022)
Les traducteurs assermentĂ©s polonais vus par eux-mĂȘmes
Polish sworn translators’ self -portraitThe article presents the results of a survey conducted among sworn translators of French concerning the education of translators and their attitude to their profession. A vast majority of the respondents did not have an opportunity to take part in special courses for future translators, which were rare in Poland before the 1990s, and they developed their professional competence themselves. Significantly, some self-taught translators are reluctant to share their knowledge with colleagues and students. They believe that their knowledge and skills are something they have worked to achieve on their own for many years. Many responses can be summed up by a description of the translator’s profession as craft an expression used by one of the translators, in which experience is gained thanks to hard work on one’s own, work that is not well paid. The opinions presented in the survey may evolve with time, e.g. thanks to the adoption of the Act on the profession of sworn translators, which is speeding up the professionalisation of this métier. The self-portrait of sworn translators may change in 10Polish sworn translators’ self -portraitThe article presents the results of a survey conducted among sworn translators of French concerning the education of translators and their attitude to their profession. A vast majority of the respondents did not have an opportunity to take part in special courses for future translators, which were rare in Poland before the 1990s, and they developed their professional competence themselves. Significantly, some self-taught translators are reluctant to share their knowledge with colleagues and students. They believe that their knowledge and skills are something they have worked to achieve on their own for many years. Many responses can be summed up by a description of the translator’s profession as craft an expression used by one of the translators, in which experience is gained thanks to hard work on one’s own, work that is not well paid. The opinions presented in the survey may evolve with time, e.g. thanks to the adoption of the Act on the profession of sworn translators, which is speeding up the professionalisation of this métier. The self-portrait of sworn translators may change in 1
Traduire les termes du domaine de lâĂ©ducation. Sur lâexemple du diplĂŽme de baccalaurĂ©at
Translation of education-related terms. As seen in translations of certificates of secondary education The aim of the article is to analyse translations into French of selected terms from certificates of secondary education. Terms such as academic degrees, names of certificates, schools or positions held by school staff are closely connected to the education system in a given country. The incompatibility of the Polish and French education systems causes some terminological problems translators try to overcome, looking for solutions in various sources. As a result, one Polish term may have a number of French equivalents. It seems useful to create a model translation of the Polish document, though this will not solve all untypical problems related to terminology and translation, problems translators may encounter in their work.Translation of education-related terms. As seen in translations of certificates of secondary education The aim of the article is to analyse translations into French of selected terms from certificates of secondary education. Terms such as academic degrees, names of certificates, schools or positions held by school staff are closely connected to the education system in a given country. The incompatibility of the Polish and French education systems causes some terminological problems translators try to overcome, looking for solutions in various sources. As a result, one Polish term may have a number of French equivalents. It seems useful to create a model translation of the Polish document, though this will not solve all untypical problems related to terminology and translation, problems translators may encounter in their work
Fuir la pĂ©riphĂ©rie, ou comment la Pologne a voulu crĂ©er son image dans le premier, le second et le tiers monde. Ătude des traductions des mensuels « La Pologne », « Polsko » et « La Revue Polonaise » en 1968
The paper deals with the image strategies of Peopleâs Poland as a peripheral country based on an analysis of the elements of its foreign cultural policy carried out through translations in 1968. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of the content of the three versions of the review Polska. Czasopismo Ilustrowane [Poland. Illustrated Magazine], created to promote Poland in the world, is based on P. Bourdieuâs concept of capital. We start from two hypotheses: the first one about the valuation of cultural capital in the versions of the review addressed to capitalist (La Pologne. Revue Mensuelle) and socialist (Polsko. ObrĂĄzkovĂœ Äasopis) countries. The second â on the promotion of Polandâs economic and political capital in the version for âthird world countriesâ (La Revue Polonaise. Magazine IllustrĂ©). Generally, both hypotheses are confirmed. The analysis also shows variations of the image strategies depending on the target readers: westernisation (emphasis on cultural ties to the West) and victimisation (Poland as a victim of history) in the version for the âfirst worldâ; strategy of utopia (emphasis on the achievements of a socialist country) in the version for the âsecond worldâ; idealisation (Poland as a peaceful, economically developed country) in the âthird worldâ version. These strategies correspond to the key word of the political elitesâ policy, âfleeing the peripheryâ.The paper deals with the image strategies of Peopleâs Poland as a peripheral country based on an analysis of the elements of its foreign cultural policy carried out through translations in 1968. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of the content of the three versions of the review Polska. Czasopismo Ilustrowane [Poland. Illustrated Magazine], created to promote Poland in the world, is based on P. Bourdieuâs concept of capital. We start from two hypotheses: the first one about the valuation of cultural capital in the versions of the review addressed to capitalist (La Pologne. Revue Mensuelle) and socialist (Polsko. ObrĂĄzkovĂœ Äasopis) countries. The second â on the promotion of Polandâs economic and political capital in the version for âthird world countriesâ (La Revue Polonaise. Magazine IllustrĂ©). Generally, both hypotheses are confirmed. The analysis also shows variations of the image strategies depending on the target readers: westernisation (emphasis on cultural ties to the West) and victimisation (Poland as a victim of history) in the version for the âfirst worldâ; strategy of utopia (emphasis on the achievements of a socialist country) in the version for the âsecond worldâ; idealisation (Poland as a peaceful, economically developed country) in the âthird worldâ version. These strategies correspond to the key word of the political elitesâ policy, âfleeing the peripheryâ.The paper deals with the image strategies of Peopleâs Poland as a peripheral country based on an analysis of the elements of its foreign cultural policy carried out through translations in 1968. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of the content of the three versions of the review Polska. Czasopismo Ilustrowane [Poland. Illustrated Magazine], created to promote Poland in the world, is based on P. Bourdieuâs concept of capital. We start from two hypotheses: the first one about the valuation of cultural capital in the versions of the review addressed to capitalist (La Pologne. Revue Mensuelle) and socialist (Polsko. ObrĂĄzkovĂœ Äasopis) countries. The second â on the promotion of Polandâs economic and political capital in the version for âthird world countriesâ (La Revue Polonaise. Magazine IllustrĂ©). Generally, both hypotheses are confirmed. The analysis also shows variations of the image strategies depending on the target readers: westernisation (emphasis on cultural ties to the West) and victimisation (Poland as a victim of history) in the version for the âfirst worldâ; strategy of utopia (emphasis on the achievements of a socialist country) in the version for the âsecond worldâ; idealisation (Poland as a peaceful, economically developed country) in the âthird worldâ version. These strategies correspond to the key word of the political elitesâ policy, âfleeing the peripheryâ
Les noms propres et les normes de traduction. Sur lâexemple des noms de juridictions civiles françaises et polonaises traduits par les candidats Ă la profession de traducteur assermentĂ©
PROPER NOUNS AND NORMS IN TRANSLATION. EXAMPLE OF THE TRANSLATION OF NAMES OF FRENCH AND POLISH CIVIL COURTS BY THE CANDIDATES FOR THE PROFESSIONOF A SWORN TRANSLATORThe aim of this article is to analyze how the names of civil courts are treated in the examination tests for sworn translator candidates in Poland. The analysis is an attempt to distinguish useful norms for the evaluation of the translations performed during the tests. These norms could also be helpful as didactic support for future translators.Official benchmarks for the evaluation of the exams are presented only in a ministerial order, i.e. in a document which, by nature, remains very general. The only objective way do identify the actual criteria applied by the examination boards is to analyze the results of their evaluation of the examination papers. The analysis of about sixty examination papers for the French-Polish language pair shows that implicit norms for the translation of French and Polish names of civil courts are often less stringent than those explicitly set out in the published benchmarks for translators. But sometimes, the evaluation board does not accept solutions which comply with the norms of the Code of Sworn Translator the main manual for translators, or the same solution is evaluated differently by the board members. These inconsistencies could be eliminated by entrusting the correction of each paper to two evaluators and forcing them to consult on the evaluation mode before correcting.The analysis of the results of the evaluation does not allow setting norms that could be used in the guides for the candidates to the profession of a sworn translator, because the evaluation system is deficient.Our analysis confirms the assumptions of the authors who, on the basis of available data, but without access to corrected examination papers, expressed doubts as to the correctness of the examination. Their assumptions concerning, among others, the development and publication of information on the translation strategy strategies expected by the examination boards and on the details of the scoring system, remain known.PROPER NOUNS AND NORMS IN TRANSLATION. EXAMPLE OF THE TRANSLATION OF NAMES OF FRENCH AND POLISH CIVIL COURTS BY THE CANDIDATES FOR THE PROFESSIONOF A SWORN TRANSLATORThe aim of this article is to analyze how the names of civil courts are treated in the examination tests for sworn translator candidates in Poland. The analysis is an attempt to distinguish useful norms for the evaluation of the translations performed during the tests. These norms could also be helpful as didactic support for future translators.Official benchmarks for the evaluation of the exams are presented only in a ministerial order, i.e. in a document which, by nature, remains very general. The only objective way do identify the actual criteria applied by the examination boards is to analyze the results of their evaluation of the examination papers. The analysis of about sixty examination papers for the French-Polish language pair shows that implicit norms for the translation of French and Polish names of civil courts are often less stringent than those explicitly set out in the published benchmarks for translators. But sometimes, the evaluation board does not accept solutions which comply with the norms of the Code of Sworn Translator the main manual for translators, or the same solution is evaluated differently by the board members. These inconsistencies could be eliminated by entrusting the correction of each paper to two evaluators and forcing them to consult on the evaluation mode before correcting.The analysis of the results of the evaluation does not allow setting norms that could be used in the guides for the candidates to the profession of a sworn translator, because the evaluation system is deficient.Our analysis confirms the assumptions of the authors who, on the basis of available data, but without access to corrected examination papers, expressed doubts as to the correctness of the examination. Their assumptions concerning, among others, the development and publication of information on the translation strategy strategies expected by the examination boards and on the details of the scoring system, remain known
Politically Marked Terms as Quasi-term Words: âZiemie Odzyskaneâ / âLes Territoires recouvrĂ©sâ in a Diachronic Perspective
This contribution is part of the reflection on the connections between language, politics and science and presents a case study on the use of the Polish name âZiemie Odzyskaneâ or âZOâ (âRecovered Landsâ) and its French version, âLes Territoires recouvrĂ©s,â in texts written in those languages. Its aim is to examine whether the name âZOâ, introduced into official discourse by an authoritarian regime, can gain the status of a quasi-term. The study consists of the following three parts: 1) analysis of the political marking of the name âZOâ through the prism of typical features of the Polish newspeak; 2) study of the Polish researchersâ comments about the name âZOâ; 3) preliminary analysis of a sample of French equivalents of the name âZOâ collected in scientific texts. These three steps of the analysis make it possible to understand the term-making process of the name âZO,â as an unambiguous unit (referring to the former German territories attached to Poland after the 1945 Potsdam agreements) whose use, however, is often accompanied by metatextual markers. The researchersâ distancing from the name âZO,â shown in the texts by inverted commas or comments, indicates that it can be treated as a quasi-term in the context of linguistic and terminological studies
SolovĂĄR. (2019). PrzekĆad jako narzÄdzie propagandy. MiesiÄcznik âPolska: czasopismo ilustrowaneâ w latach 1954â1956 / Translation as a propaganda tool The monthly Poland: Illustrated Magazine in the years 1954â1956. PrzekĆady Literatur SĆowiaĆskich, 9(2), 55-76. https://doi.org/10.31261/PLS.2019.09.02.04
The monthly Poland: Illustrated Magazine was published (with an interruption) from 1954 to 1999. In the period under analysis (1954â1956), apart from its Polish version, the magazine was also published in English, French, Spanish, German, and Russian. The periodical was a product of the export circulation of cultural goods, the aim of which was to export translations of texts published in the country and those specifically intended for foreign readers. The initial task of the monthly was to shape the image of socialist Poland abroad. Through an analysis of texts intended for export, we examine how the monthly was used for propaganda purposes in the years making to the end of Stalinism and the beginning of âthe thawâ in Poland