Uncertainty in Individuals' Preferences for Non-commodity Outputs Provided by Rural Development Programs (RDPs): A Contingent Valuation Approach

Rural development programs (RDPs) are currently envisaged as a means to foster the provision of a broad range of non-commodity outputs emanating from multifunctional rural environments. This paper presents a Contingent Valuation survey that analyses individuals’ perceptions of and willingness to pay (WTP) for the implementation of a RDP in Cantabria, Spain. Uncertainty in individuals’ preferences is explicitly acknowledged and introduced into our analytical framework. For that purpose, a comparison is made between the open-ended (OE) and the multiple bounded uncertainty (MBU) elicitation formats. According to our behavioural model estimates, the expectation of a positive welfare change for both rural and urban dwellers constitutes a sound argument in favour of regional rural development policies.rural development policy, non-commodity outputs, contingent valuation, elicitation formats, uncertainty, Agricultural and Food Policy, Q0, Q18, Q51, R0,

Social Preferences for Management of Rural Forests in the Iberian Atlantic Region

This article presents results from an experiment into attribute perception and relevant levels for management of woodland and mountain areas typical of the Iberian Peninsula's Atlantic region. The aim, which the authors argue has been robustly reached, was to identify those aspects of forestry policy clearly perceived by citizens. This is useful for defining enlargement of areas protected under Natura 2000 Network. Results show clear preference for an increase in woodland to over half the current surface area, with replanting of traditional trees, in woodlands of low density and trees of different age and, preferably in irregular shaped plots.Landscape preference, Visual quality, Non-market goods, Preference models, Economic valuation, Landscape Management, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

La necesidad de participacion en el diseno de nuevas politicas silvoambientales

En este trabajo se fundamenta un nuevo programa silvoambiental de conservacion de paisajes forestales autoctones, basado en remunerar a los propietarios o gestores de los montes por los benficios sociales de la ampliacion y conservacion de bosques actualmente incuidos en la Red Nature 2000 en el noroeste de la Peninsula Iberica. La participacion de la poblacion en la elaboracion y diagnosticos precisos de decisiones politicas podria constituir un factor clave para el cumplimiento eficaz de los objectivos establecidos. Por ell realizamos un analisis delphi que nos ayuda a identificar cual es la mejor ordenacion y diseno de instrumentos de intervencion por parte del regulador publico y la compensacion minima que demandarian los agentes afectados por llevar a cabo medidas silvoambientales con el objectivo fundemental de conservacion y, por tanto, excluyendi el fin de produccion maderera para la obtencion de un beneficio comercia. Constatamos que este programa podria tener acomodo en la PAC, pues las cantidades demandadas se cinen al marco institucional europeo. Complementariamente se deberian disenar acciones especificas en favor de la conservaion, como por ejemply establecer una renta anual a largo plazo para valores de existencia, que se muestra como la via mas relevante...In this paper we have proposed a new forst-environmental program for conservation of autochthonous forest landscapes. The program consists in paying to woodland owners for the extension and conservation of woodlands included in the Natural Network 2000 in the north-west of the Iberian Peninsula. The participation could conform a key factor for achieving the fixed objectives. Thus, we have made a Delphi analysis that help us to identify which is the best ranking and design of instruments for the policymaker. Also, we have obtained the minimum compensation demanded by affected agents for making forest-environmental actions. We have focused our analysis in the conservation. Therefore we have excluded the timber production which main objective is the commercial benefit. We have showed that the program have accommodation in the CAP because the monetary demands adjust to the institutional European framework. Specific actions for conservation should be designed complementary. The most relevant issue should be to establish an annual long term income for existence values

Uncertainty in Individuals' Preferences for Non-commodity Outputs Provided by Rural Development Programs (RDPs): A Contingent Valuation Approach

Rural development programs (RDPs) are currently envisaged as a means to foster the provision of a broad range of non-commodity outputs emanating from multifunctional rural environments. This paper presents a Contingent Valuation survey that analyses individuals’ perceptions of and willingness to pay (WTP) for the implementation of a RDP in Cantabria, Spain. Uncertainty in individuals’ preferences is explicitly acknowledged and introduced into our analytical framework. For that purpose, a comparison is made between the open-ended (OE) and the multiple bounded uncertainty (MBU) elicitation formats. According to our behavioural model estimates, the expectation of a positive welfare change for both rural and urban dwellers constitutes a sound argument in favour of regional rural development policies

Social Preferences for Management of Rural Forests in the Iberian Atlantic Region

This article presents results from an experiment into attribute perception and relevant levels for management of woodland and mountain areas typical of the Iberian Peninsula's Atlantic region. The aim, which the authors argue has been robustly reached, was to identify those aspects of forestry policy clearly perceived by citizens. This is useful for defining enlargement of areas protected under Natura 2000 Network. Results show clear preference for an increase in woodland to over half the current surface area, with replanting of traditional trees, in woodlands of low density and trees of different age and, preferably in irregular shaped plots

Fast-fashion: uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática e agenda de pesquisa

The fast-fashion (FF) is considered an approach and phenomenon of global influence that suit the requirements of a constantly changing and demanding market, since it is a business model resulting of a mixture of fast manufacturing, flexibility, low cost and agile retail approaches. Within this context, this research by a systematic literature review seeks to answer how the FF has been addressed in scientific studies published until the year 2013. Through the review, a total of 82 texts was analysed, among them articles, dissertations and theses. The research method employed is characterized as descriptive, regarding the objectives, and as qualitative and quantitative, on the approach. After conducting the classification of the material, it was possible to understand the state-of-the-art, and thus set a holistic concept and the appropriate term for the FF. As well as propose a research agenda with new approaches for future studies within the relevant topic.O fast-fashion (FF) é considerado uma abordagem e fenômeno de influência mundial, que se adequa às necessidades de um mercado exigente e em constante mudança, por ser um modelo de negócios que resulta de uma mistura de rápida fabricação, flexibilidade, baixo custo e abordagens ágeis de varejo. Nesse contexto, a presente pesquisa busca responder, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática, como o FF vem sendo abordado nos estudos científicos publicados até o ano de 2013. Mediante a revisão, foi analisado um total de 82 textos, dentre artigos, dissertações e teses. O método de pesquisa utilizado é caracterizado, quanto aos objetivos, como descritiva, e quanto à abordagem como qualitativa e quantitativa. Após realizar a classificação das publicações, foi possível entender o estado da arte, e assim definir um conceito holístico e o termo adequado para o FF. Como também, propor uma agenda de pesquisa com novos enfoques para futuros estudos dentro do tema abordado

Simultaneous determination of CKM angle γ\gamma and charm mixing parameters

International audienceA combination of measurements sensitive to the CP violation angle γ of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitarity triangle and to the charm mixing parameters that describe oscillations between D$^{0}$ and $\overline{D} ^{0}$ mesons is performed. Results from the charm and beauty sectors, based on data collected with the LHCb detector at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider, are combined for the first time. This method provides an improvement on the precision of the charm mixing parameter y by a factor of two with respect to the current world average. The charm mixing parameters are determined to be $x=\left({0.400}_{-0.053}^{+0.052}\right)\%$ and y = $\left({0.630}_{-0.030}^{+0.033}\right)\%$. The angle γ is found to be γ = $\left({65.4}_{-4.2}^{+3.8}\right){}^{\circ}$ and is the most precise determination from a single experiment.[graphic not available: see fulltext

Evidence for a new structure in the J/ψpJ/\psi p and J/ψpˉJ/\psi \bar{p} systems in Bs0→J/ψppˉB_s^0 \to J/\psi p \bar{p} decays

International audienceAn amplitude analysis of flavor-untagged Bs0→J/ψpp¯ decays is performed using a sample of 797±31 decays reconstructed with the LHCb detector. The data, collected in proton-proton collisions between 2011 and 2018, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 9  fb-1. Evidence for a new structure in the J/ψp and J/ψp¯ systems with a mass of 4337-4+7 -2+2  MeV and a width of 29-12+26 -14+14  MeV is found, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic, with a significance in the range of 3.1 to 3.7σ, depending on the assigned JP hypothesis

Observation of Two New Excited Ξb0\Xi_b^0 States Decaying to Λb0K−π+\Lambda^0_b K^- \pi^+

International audienceTwo narrow resonant states are observed in the Λb0K-π+ mass spectrum using a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected by the LHCb experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6  fb-1. The minimal quark content of the Λb0K-π+ system indicates that these are excited Ξb0 baryons. The masses of the Ξb(6327)0 and Ξb(6333)0 states are m[Ξb(6327)0]=6327.28-0.21+0.23±0.12±0.24 and m[Ξb(6333)0]=6332.69-0.18+0.17±0.03±0.22  MeV, respectively, with a mass splitting of Δm=5.41-0.27+0.26±0.12  MeV, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and due to the Λb0 mass measurement. The measured natural widths of these states are consistent with zero, with upper limits of Γ[Ξb(6327)0]<2.20(2.56) and Γ[Ξb(6333)0]<1.60(1.92)  MeV at a 90% (95%) credibility level. The significance of the two-peak hypothesis is larger than nine (five) Gaussian standard deviations compared to the no-peak (one-peak) hypothesis. The masses, widths, and resonant structure of the new states are in good agreement with the expectations for a doublet of 1D Ξb0 resonances