WSPÓLNOTA I ZMIANA. DWUGŁOS O PRZECIW-HISTORII

In this article the authors raise the question of how to understand the concept of counter-history. In addition, the authors deal with the relationship between counter-history and historiography. In the fi rst part of the text, Counter history and the construction of the community, Maria Solarska refers to the diff erence between the legal-philosophical discourse and the historicopolitical discourse, the diff erence worked out by Michel Foucault. Th e second part of the text, Historiography as a form of counter-history, Maciej Bugajewski refers to Walter Benjamin’s On the concept of history and analyzes the counter-history as a practice of change in real history.In this article the authors raise the question of how to understand the concept of counter-history. In addition, the authors deal with the relationship between counter-history and historiography. In the fi rst part of the text, Counter history and the construction of the community, Maria Solarska refers to the diff erence between the legal-philosophical discourse and the historicopolitical discourse, the diff erence worked out by Michel Foucault. Th e second part of the text, Historiography as a form of counter-history, Maciej Bugajewski refers to Walter Benjamin’s On the concept of history and analyzes the counter-history as a practice of change in real history

HISTORIA HISTORIOGRAFII JAKO HISTORIA PRAWDY. DWUGŁOS O PODSTAWACH TEORETYCZNYCH HISTORII HISTORIOGRAFII JERZEGO TOPOLSKIEGO

In this article we refl ect on the theoretical foundations of Jerzy Topolski’s history of historiography. In the fi rst part of the text, entitled “On truth in historiography – pragmatically and idealistically,” Maria Solarska shows the relationship between Topolski’s theory of truth and his view of the community of historians, of that community’s methodological and ethical rules. In the second part of the text, “Historiography between truth and myth,” Maciej Bugajewski raises a question about Topolski’s defi nition of the diff erence between truth and myth. In our opinion Topolski wanted to see the history of historiography as the history of truth about the past.In this article we refl ect on the theoretical foundations of Jerzy Topolski’s history of historiography. In the fi rst part of the text, entitled “On truth in historiography – pragmatically and idealistically,” Maria Solarska shows the relationship between Topolski’s theory of truth and his view of the community of historians, of that community’s methodological and ethical rules. In the second part of the text, “Historiography between truth and myth,” Maciej Bugajewski raises a question about Topolski’s defi nition of the diff erence between truth and myth. In our opinion Topolski wanted to see the history of historiography as the history of truth about the past

SŁOWO O HISTORII HISTORIOGRAFII cz. 2

SŁOWO O HISTORII HISTORIOGRAFII cz.

O „Homo metahistoricus” Jana Pomorskiego

In this paper I present the book of Jan Pomorski Homometahistoricus. Studium sześciu kultur poznających (Lublin 2019). My main goal concerns the reconstruction of basic ideas and presuppositions of the Author and the relations between the concepts which he proposes. I also indicate the questions that are inspired by the thought analyzed, as well as the importance of the fields of problems which them open.W niniejszym tekście przedstawiam książkę Jana Pomorskiego Homo metahistoricus. Studium sześciu kultur poznających (Lublin 2019). Głównym zamierzeniem jest rekonstrukcja podstawowych idei i założeń autora oraz relacji pomiędzy proponowanymi przez niego pojęciami. Wskazuję również na pytania, do których postawienia inspiruje analizowane myślenie oraz na wagę pól problemowych, które one otwierają

Application of white-rot fungi for the biodegradation of natural organic matter from potable water

Drinking water quality and its treatment are negatively impacted by the presence of coloured natural organic matter (NOM). Ligninolytic white rot fungi (WRF) secrete non-specific oxidative enzymes that can oxidise a wide range of recalcitrant organic compounds. The potential of a selection of these organisms to degrade concentrated aquatic NOM and fresh NOM from Beaconsfield Reservoir was investigated without the addition of nutrients. Preliminary work involved the screening of twenty-one isolates from diverse fungal genera using NOM and cellulose plate assays. Five WRF strains: B. adusta, Trametes sp., Polyporus sp., Trametes versicolor ATCC 7731 and Pycnoporus cinnabarinus VIC, which displayed good NOM decolourisation on solid medium were further investigated in shake-flask culture using concentrated NOM (in distilled and tap water) and fresh NOM from Beaconsfield Reservoir. For most fungi, higher levels of colour removal which correlated well with the reduction in UV-absorbing compounds (A254) were obtained in the NOM-tap water preparation and this was attributed to the increased concentrations of mineral nutrients. The decolourisation (in percentage terms) of NOM concentrate by Trametes sp. decreased with increasing initial NOM content; however, the degradation of the equivalent amount of NOM (mg C L-1) measured as colour increased. The decolourisation of aquatic NOM concentrate and fresh NOM coincided with the onset of extracellular enzyme activity, in particular that of Lac and MnP, which varied with fungal strain, NOM preparation and concentration. LiP activity was detected only for T. versicolor, B. adusta and P. cinnabarinus. For most fungi, NOM decolourisation in tap water occurred in conjunction with increasing activity of Lac and MnP, whilst in distilled water and fresh NOM the late onset of enzyme activities indicated the initial removal of NOM to be predominantly via adsorption. B. adusta, which had markedly lower enzyme activity, gave the greatest reduction in colour and this may be attributed to the action of a versatile peroxidase. Fungal treatment of NOM concentrate and Beaconsfield NOM led to increased A254 and DOC, and the proportional increases (which were attributed to cell lysis), were greater for lower NOM concentrations. When the fungal-treated NOM samples were subjected to a consortium of microbes, considerable reduction in the colour, UV absorbance and fungal-generated DOC was observed. The decolourisation of NOM concentrate and Beaconsfield NOM by the WRF was accompanied by a decrease in the average molecular weight (MW) along with the formation of lower MW intermediates which subsequent bacterial treatment preferentially removed. Fractionation of the fungal-treated NOM-tap water preparation demonstrated the extensive breakdown of the very hydrophobic acids which contributed most of the colour of NOM, and less of the slightly hydrophobic acids. In vitro decolourisation of NOM concentrate by commercial preparations of Lac, MnP and LiP was accompanied by a decrease in the average MW of both the coloured and UV-absorbing species, for which Lac gave the greatest reduction

Recent advances in prevention and treatment of post-radiotherapy xerostomia in patients with head and neck cancer

Xerostomia, or feeling of dry mouth is the most common (80%) of all complications of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Besides well-known artificial saliva and agents and therapies stimulating saliva production and salivary gland regeneration, new methods comprise the use of vitamin C and E, low level laser therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy and thyme honey. Recently, transplantation of the mesenchymal stem cells reported to be successful, and these may be, together with gene-transfer therapy the future therapies of xerostomia after salivary gland irradiation

Photoelectrolytic oxidation of organic species at mesoporous tungsten trioxide film electrodes under visible light illumination

Operation of a photoelectrolyser fitted with a semitransparent semiconducting WO3 film photoanode is described. Due to its band-gap energy of 2.5eV, the photoresponse of the WO3 electrode extends into the blue part of the visible spectrum up to 500nm. The WO3 photoanode exhibits particularly high incident photon-to-current efficiencies for the oxidation of several organic species with the maximum occurring at ca. 400nm. Experiments conducted under simulated AM 1.5 solar illumination demonstrated efficient photodegradation of a variety of organic chemicals including small organic molecules as well as EDTA and anthraquinonic Acid Blue 80 dye. Although, due to the inherent mass transport limitations, the described device appears best suited to the treatment of industrial wastewater containing from 100ppm to few gL−1 of impurities, almost complete removal of organic carbon was observed in several photoelectrolysis runs. This is apparently associated with the concomitant photooxidation of sulphate-based supporting electrolyte resulting in the formation of a powerful chemical oxidant-persulphat