НОВЫЕ НАХОДКИ МОРСКИХ ДИАТОМОВЫХ БЕНТОСА ДЛЯ ДИАТОМОВОЙ ФЛОРЫ ТУРЦИИ (ЧЁРНОЕ МОРЕ)

Первые данные по морским диатомовым Турции, основанные на материале, собранном в Мраморном море, были опубликованы С. Эренбергом в 1843 г. Бентосные морские диатомовые изучены намного слабее, по сравнению с пресноводными. Материалы для настоящего исследования собраны на одной станции в бухте Аклиман, Синоп, в декабре 2012 г. В результате работ, виды Achnanthes longiceps C. Agardh, Bacillaria socialis (Gregory) Ralfs, Berkeleya micans (Lyngbye) Grunow, Berkeleya obtusa (Greville) Grunow, Berkeleya sparsa Mizuna, Chamaepinnularia clamans (Hustedt) Witkowski, Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin, Cocconeis costata Gregory, Fallacia clepsidroides Witkowski, Fallacia florinae (M. Møller) Witkowski, Gomphonemopsis obscurum (Krasske) Lange-Bertalot, Grammatophora undulata Ehrenberg, Mastogloia pusilla var. subcapitata Hustedt, Mastogloia urveae Witkowski, Navicula germanopolonica Witkowski & Lange-Bertalot, Navicula parapontica Witkowski, Kulikovskiy, Nevrova & Lange-Bertalot, Navicula pavillardii Hustedt, Navicula subagnita Proshkina-Lavrenko, Neosynedra provincialis (Grunow) D.M. Williams & Round, Nitzschia prolongata Hustedt, Opephora guenter-grassii (Witkowski & Lange-Bertalot) Sabbe & Vyverman, Parlibellus berkeleyi (Kützing) E.J. Cox, Parlibellus calvus A. Witkowski, Metzeltin & Lange-Bertalot и Planothidium depertidum (Giffen) Witkowski, Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin зарегистрированы как новые находки для диатомовой флоры Турции.The first study on marine diatoms in Turkey based on material collected from Marmara Sea was published by C. Ehrenberg in 1843. Regarding to benthic diatom studies, marine diatoms are understudy comparing to freshwater diatoms. In this study, the samples were collected from one station in Akliman Bay, Sinop in December 2012. As a result, Achnanthes longiceps C. Agardh, Bacillaria socialis (Gregory) Ralfs, Berkeleya micans (Lyngbye) Grunow, Berkeleya obtusa (Greville) Grunow, Berkeleya sparsa Mizuna, Chamaepinnularia clamans (Hustedt) Witkowski, Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin, Cocconeis costata Gregory, Fallacia clepsidroides Witkowski, Fallacia florinae (M. Møller) Witkowski, Gomphonemopsis obscurum (Krasske) Lange-Bertalot, Grammatophora undulata Ehrenberg, Mastogloia pusilla var. subcapitata Hustedt, Mastogloia urveae Witkowski, Navicula germanopolonica Witkowski & Lange-Bertalot, Navicula parapontica Witkowski, Kulikovskiy, Nevrova & Lange-Bertalot, Navicula pavillardii Hustedt, Navicula subagnita Proshkina-Lavrenko, Neosynedra provincialis (Grunow) D.M. Williams & Round, Nitzschia prolongata Hustedt, Opephora guenter-grassii (Witkowski & Lange-Bertalot) Sabbe & Vyverman, Parlibellus berkeleyi (Kützing) E.J. Cox, Parlibellus calvus A.Witkowski, Metzeltin & Lange-Bertalot and Planothidium depertidum (Giffen) Witkowski, Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin were “new record” status for Turkish Diatom Flora

The diagnosis and management of neuropathic pain in daily practice in Belgium: an observational study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This open, multicentre, observational survey investigated how physicians diagnose neuropathic pain (NeP) by applying the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (LANSS) scale, and how neuropathic pain conditions are managed in daily practice in Belgium.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Physicians were asked to complete the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (LANSS) scale for diagnosing NeP, and to fill out a questionnaire regarding the management of NeP, together with a questionnaire evaluating the impact of pain on sleep and daily life. Data on 2,480 pain patients were obtained. A LANSS score ≥ 12 (meaning NeP is most probably present) was reported for 1,163 patients. Pathologies typically associated with NeP scored above 12 on the LANSS scale, contrary to pathologies generally considered as being of non-neuropathic origin.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Over 90% of the patients with a LANSS score ≥ 12 reported that the pain impaired sleep. A high impact on social, family and professional life was also recorded. Additional examinations were performed in 89% of these patients. Most patients were taking multiple drugs, mainly paracetamol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, indicating that physicians generally tend to follow treatment guidelines of chronic nociceptive pain, rather than the specific ones for NeP. Specific neuropathic guidelines rather recommend the use of anti-epileptic drugs, tricyclic antidepressants or weak opioids as first-line treatment.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In our survey, application of the LANSS scale lead to pronounced treatment simplification with fewer drug combinations. Awareness about NeP as well as its specific treatment recommendations should be raised among healthcare providers. We concluded that the LANSS screening scale is an interesting tool to assist physicians in detecting NeP patients in routine clinical care.</p

Cigarette Smoking and Cognitive Function in Chinese Male Schizophrenia: A Case-Control study

Schizophrenic patients have higher smoking rates than the general population. Studies show that smoking may be a form of self-medication in an attempt to alleviate cognitive deficits in schizophrenic patients of European background. This study examined the relationships between smoking and cognitive deficits in Chinese schizophrenic patients, which have previously received little systemic study. We recruited 580 male chronic patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia and 175 male control subjects who were matched on age and education. The subjects completed a detailed cigarette smoking questionnaire, the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Patients also were rated on the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), the Simpson and Angus Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (SAES), and the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS). All five RBANS subscales except for the Visuospatial/Constructional index showed significantly lower cognitive performance for schizophrenics than normal controls. The schizophrenic smokers scored lower than the schizophrenic non-smokers on the RBANS total score and the Visuospatial/Constructional and Immediate Memory indices. Similarly, the control smokers scored lower than the control non-smokers on the RBANS total score and the Immediate Memory index . Also, the schizophrenic smokers consistently performed the poorest on the cognitive domains of the RBANS. Among the schizophrenic patients, smokers displayed significantly fewer negative symptoms than non-smokers. Using multivariate regression analysis the following variables were independently associated with the RBANS total score: years of education, PANSS negative symptom score, age at schizophrenia onset, and number of hospitalizations. Our results show that smoking is associated with significant cognitive impairment in both schizophrenic patients and normal controls, but the smokers with schizophrenia had a reduced level of negative symptoms, suggesting that the benefits of smoking for those with schizophrenia may be limited to certain aspects of a given clinical phenotype

Predictors of enhancing human physical attractiveness: Data from 93 countries

People across the world and throughout history have gone to great lengths to enhance their physical appearance. Evolutionary psychologists and ethologists have largely attempted to explain this phenomenon via mating preferences and strategies. Here, we test one of the most popular evolutionary hypotheses for beauty-enhancing behaviors, drawn from mating market and parasite stress perspectives, in a large cross-cultural sample. We also test hypotheses drawn from other influential and non-mutually exclusive theoretical frameworks, from biosocial role theory to a cultural media perspective. Survey data from 93,158 human participants across 93 countries provide evidence that behaviors such as applying makeup or using other cosmetics, hair grooming, clothing style, caring for body hygiene, and exercising or following a specific diet for the specific purpose of improving ones physical attractiveness, are universal. Indeed, 99% of participants reported spending &gt;10 min a day performing beauty-enhancing behaviors. The results largely support evolutionary hypotheses: more time was spent enhancing beauty by women (almost 4 h a day, on average) than by men (3.6 h a day), by the youngest participants (and contrary to predictions, also the oldest), by those with a relatively more severe history of infectious diseases, and by participants currently dating compared to those in established relationships. The strongest predictor of attractiveness-enhancing behaviors was social media usage. Other predictors, in order of effect size, included adhering to traditional gender roles, residing in countries with less gender equality, considering oneself as highly attractive or, conversely, highly unattractive, TV watching time, higher socioeconomic status, right-wing political beliefs, a lower level of education, and personal individualistic attitudes. This study provides novel insight into universal beauty-enhancing behaviors by unifying evolutionary theory with several other complementary perspectives