Seeking the political role of the third government Branch. A comparative approach to High Courts in Central América

Elena Martínez Barahona. Berlín: VDH, 2009, 306 pp

How non-Fermi liquids cure their infrared divergences

Non-Fermi liquids in d=2 spatial dimensions can arise from coupling a Fermi surface to a gapless boson. At finite temperature, however, the perturbative quantum field theory description breaks down due to infrared divergences. These are caused by virtual static bosonic modes and affect both fermionic and bosonic correlators. We show how these divergences are resolved by self-consistent boson and fermion self-energies that resum an infinite class of diagrams and correct the standard Eliashberg equations. Extending a previous approach in d=3-ϵ dimensions, we find a new "thermal non-Fermi liquid"regime that violates the scaling laws of the zero-temperature fixed point and dominates over a wide range of scales. We conclude that basic properties of quantum phase transitions and quantum-classical crossovers at finite temperature are modified in crucial ways in systems with soft bosonic fluctuations, and we begin a study of some of the phenomenological consequences.Fil: Aguilera Damia, Jeremías. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; ArgentinaFil: Solís Delgadillo, Juan Mario. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; ArgentinaFil: Torroba, Gonzalo. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentin

Aspects of quantum information in finite density field theory

We study different aspects of quantum field theory at finite density using methods from quantum information theory. For simplicity we focus on massive Dirac fermions with nonzero chemical potential, and work in 1 + 1 space-time dimensions. Using the entanglement entropy on an interval, we construct an entropic c-function that is finite. Unlike what happens in Lorentz-invariant theories, this c-function exhibits a strong violation of monotonicity; it also encodes the creation of long-range entanglement from the Fermi surface. Motivated by previous works on lattice models, we next calculate numerically the Renyi entropies and find Friedel-type oscillations; these are understood in terms of a defect operator product expansion. Furthermore, we consider the mutual information as a measure of correlation functions between different regions. Using a long-distance expansion previously developed by Cardy, we argue that the mutual information detects Fermi surface correlations already at leading order in the expansion. We also analyze the relative entropy and its Renyi generalizations in order to distinguish states with different charge and/or mass. In particular, we show that states in different superselection sectors give rise to a super-extensive behavior in the relative entropy. Finally, we discuss possible extensions to interacting theories, and argue for the relevance of some of these measures for probing non-Fermi liquids.Fil: Daguerre, Lucas. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Medina, Raimel. Austria Institute of Technology; AustriaFil: Solís Delgadillo, Juan Mario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Torroba, Gonzalo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Argentin

La crisis institucional paraguaya de 2012 a la luz de las élites parlamentarias

[ES] En este se boletín se buscan explicar los motivos de la crisis institucional del Paraguay a partir de las opiniones recogidas en las distintas oleadas de entrevistas realizadas por el Proyecto de Élites Parlamentarias de la Universidad de Salamanca (USAL) (1993-2008). Al amparo de este objetivo se intenta exponer ¿por qué se interrumpió el mandato de Fernando Lugo a tan pocos meses del final del mismo?, y por otro lado, ¿qué papel han jugado los partidos políticos y las élites tradicionales en este desenlace? Se propone que Lugo muy pronto se convirtió en un “intruso en casa ajena” cuya relación con los actores tradicionales fue muy tensa, finalmente, de acuerdo con los datos disponibles se observa una radicalización en algunas posturas políticas y un significativo reforzamiento en la valoración de instituciones tradicionales y conservadoras.[EN] This paper try to explain the reasons of the Paraguayan institutional crisis, from the points of view expressed in the different interviews conducted by the Salamanca University (USAL) (1993-2008) Parliamentary Elites. Under this objective this paper tries to show why Fernando Lugo‘s mandate was interrupted, a few months of his ending. And secondly, which are the roles that the political parties, and the traditional elites have had, in this result? It is argued that Lugo quickly became a "intruder in someone else’s house" whose relationship with the traditional political players become very tense, in such way, that according to the available data they show a radicalization of some political positions and a meaningful strengthening in the valuation of the traditional and conservative institutions

What explains the lethal violence in Paraguay? A study with comparative intention

In the logic of the rankings, Paraguay has been presented as a peaceful country where crime is not a serious problem as it happens in other Latin American countries; however, some departments of the country reach rates only comparable with the most violent territories in the region. The objective of this article is to identify the sufficiency conditions that explain why certain territories are notably more violent than others in Paraguay. To do this, nine departments of the country are compared, divided between the most and the least violent. The main findings of the study argue that those departments with a more rugged orography, and in which there are greater difficulties of effective coverage by the State, are those in which the highest rates of homicides are concentrated, and that, on the contrary, what happens in countries such as Mexico, the political coordination between the national government and the subnational governments has an inverse correlation to what is stated in the theory.</p

La influencia de las facultades de derecho en la reproducción de prácticas informales en el sistema judicial mexicano

[ES]La investigación realizada para preparar este trabajo tuvo como objetivo indagar el impacto que tienen las facultades de derecho en la reproducción de prácticas informales que repercuten en el sistema judicial, afectando la calidad de la justicia y consecuentemente, la calidad de la democracia. Se pretende rastrear en qué medida las facultades de derecho son agentes formadores de conductas –tanto procesales como sociales- que se reproducen en el ejercicio profesional y que reflejan una escasa formación ética de quienes son los operadores del sistema de justicia.[EN]An investigation to prepare this study aimed to investigate the impact of the law schools in the reproduction of informal practices that have an impact on the judicial system, affecting the quality of justice and consequently, the quality of democracy. The aim is to trace the extent to which law schools are agents trainers behaviour-both procedural and social-which are reproduced in practice and reflecting a weak ethical training of those who are operators of the justice system