Konus-Wind and Helicon-Coronas-F Observations of Solar Flares

Results of solar flare observations obtained in the Konus-Wind experiment from November, 1994 to December, 2013 and in the Helicon Coronas-F experiment during its operation from 2001 to 2005, are presented. For the periods indicated Konus-Wind detected in the trigger mode 834 solar flares, and Helicon-Coronas-F detected more than 300 solar flares. A description of the instruments and data processing techniques are given. As an example, the analysis of the spectral evolution of the flares SOL2012-11-08T02:19 (M 1.7) and SOL2002-03-10T01:34 (C5.1) is made with the Konus-Wind data and the flare SOL2003-10-26T06:11 (X1.2) is analyzed in the 2.223 MeV deuterium line with the Helicon-Coronas-F data.Comment: Published version. A list of the Konus-Wind solar flare triggers and figures of their time profiles are available at http://www.ioffe.ru/LEA/Solar

Topological energy barrier for skyrmion lattice formation in MnSi

We report the direct measurement of the topological skyrmion energy barrier through a hysteresis of the skyrmion lattice in the chiral magnet MnSi. Measurements were made using small-angle neutron scattering with a custom-built resistive coil to allow for high-precision minor hysteresis loops. The experimental data was analyzed using an adapted Preisach model to quantify the energy barrier for skyrmion formation and corroborated by the minimum-energy path analysis based on atomistic spin simulations. We reveal that the skyrmion lattice in MnSi forms from the conical phase progressively in small domains, each of which consisting of hundreds of skyrmions, and with an activation barrier of several eV.Comment: Final accepted versio

Vocational Guidance: Harmonization of Points of View

The problem of harmonization of different views on career-oriented work, due to the diversity of ideas about life and career success, as well as about the ways to success, is considered. The authors conditionally called the phenomenon of the plurality of interpretations of the content of this concept “vocational orientation pluralism”. The positions of the self-determining personality, psychologists-career advisors, methodologists, scientist- career guides, employers are considered. Differences in the understanding of the essence of vocational guidance by all named subjects of interaction are characterized. The mismatch of their expectations in relation to the professional advisers is emphasized. It is alleged that managers of enterprises and organizations conduct different personnel policies, depending on their awareness of the importance of human potential. Vocational guidance is interpreted in the context of the cultural and historical development of society. The authors identify the points of incompatibility of different positions in the understanding of vocational guidance and offer generalized variants (ways) for harmonizing opinions. The first group consists of variants of “external” harmonization, that is, ways of coordinating opinions between subjects that in one way or other participate in vocational guidance. The second group consists of variants of “internal” harmonization that is between people representing one social or professional group, interested in solving career counseling issues

A flaring X-ray pulsar in Dorado

A study of unusual gamma-ray bursts detected on March 5 and March 6, 1979 in the KONUS experiment on the Venera 11 and Venera 12 spacecraft shows their source to be flaring X-ray pulsar in Dorado

Preliminary results of a gamma-ray burst study in the Konus experiment on the Venera-11 and Venera-12 space probes

Twenty-one gamma-ray bursts and 68 solar flares in the hard X-ray range were detected on Venera-11 and Venera-12 space probes during the initial 50-day observation period. Major characteristics of the equipment used and preliminary data on the temporal structure and energy spectra of the gamma-ray bursts are considered. The pattern of gamma-ray burst frequency distribution vs. intensity, N(S), is established

Phytoinsecticides to Fight Against Colorado Beetle

Nowadays researchers are focused on biological farming. In modern environmental conditions the reduction of the chemical load on the environment is a current issue. In the article the following plants are used as pest management, especially, with Colorado potato beetle: jimson weed, white hellebore, Camelina. They contain a lot of alkaloids and essential oils that inhibit weeds and frightening off potato pests. The use of such agricultural practices on large areas reduces the cost of chemical means of pest control and improves product quality while maintaining the environment

Main Approaches to School Inclusive Education

Two approaches to inclusive education are covered: systematic and axiological (valuable). The authors have positioned these approaches as the base, expressing doubts about the independent status of certain approaches, distinguished by modern researchers (command, conductive, individual). It is noted that the axiological approach focuses on the content of the new educational paradigm, while system approach - on its form. Also, the authors emphasize that the study allowed them to permanently ensure the interdisciplinary character of the phenomenon of inclusive education, its intersection with philosophy, cultural studies and other humanities. The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the purpose of the implementation of the Federal law “On education in Russian Federation” in connection with which there is a need to study theoretical and practical components of “including” training and education. The novelty of the research is seen in the consideration of compassion as the basic value of Russian inclusive education (in contrast to the American tradition, the origins of which appear to be reasonable to seek in the democratic ideals, the cult of “diverse unity” (“E pluribus unum”)). Nevertheless, the authors come to the conclusion that another feeling must appear instead of compassion - respect. Teacher is advised to explain to the students that the disabilities of their peers forces them to serious and responsible work, which can be equated to a feat

On the Issue of the Educational and Upbringing Components of Continuing Economic Education

The educational and upbringing components of continuing education (economic education and economic upbringing) are considered. The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the stable correlation between the continuity of school and vocational education and its effectiveness. It is noted that within the framework of the new educational paradigm conditions are being created that allow the future employee to constantly raise his own qualification taking into account the transforming requirements to the content and methods of his activity. A review of the theoretical literature on the phenomenon of continuing education and its specifics in the contemporary (primarily Russian) context is given. The study of the factors that have an impact on the educational and upbringing process allows authors to view economic education as an important component of “global human education”. The principles of the author's concept of continuous economic education, which emphasizes the role of the upbringing component of the educational process, are stated. The main stages of economic education are accentuated, with emphasis on the education of the individual, its key tasks, as well as the forecasted advantages for Russian schools and professional educational institutions (Higher Education Institutions and Secondary Specialized Educational Institutions) are defined. The authors come to the conclusion that in the foreseeable future, continuing economic education should be transformed into a system for stimulating the constant self-improvement of the individual in an unstable social economic context

Tolerance Development in Senior Schoolchildren in Context of Russian Inclusive Education

The development of tolerance among senior schoolchildren in the context of national inclusive education is covered. Special attention is paid to the creation of tolerant relations between classmates. The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the implementation of the Federal law “On education in Russian Federation,” providing the use of inclusive techniques and technologies in learning and education. The ways of development of tolerance cited in six dissertations on candidacy for a scientific degree of PhD in education are presented and analyzed. The works are devoted to the development of different types of tolerance: general, ethno-cultural, communicational, gender. It is emphasized that none of the thesis examined the relation to youth with disabilities that appears to the authors to be incorrect in the context of national inclusive education. It is also noted that the majority of researchers propose to develop the tolerance of students using problem discussions. The authors are convinced that the foundation of tolerance (its formation ) must not occur in senior and even primary, but in the elementary school. In 10-11th classes one should continue to develop this quality. The research novelty lies in the criticism of the modern approach, emphasizing primarily the relative dignity of the child - his/her natural inclinations and the results achieved. It is proposed to pay more attention to the absolute dignity of every child - the ability to be, to think and feel

Some Weaknesses of Modern Machine Translation (by Example of Google Translate Web Service)

Some weaknesses of machine translation carried out by means of neural networks (“neural translation”) are considered. The relevance of this topic is determined by the significant popularity of the relevant web services among translators, teachers, researchers, students and others who are interested in the introductory or urgent transcoding of the text from one language to another. The results of the experiment are presented: well-known web service “Google Translate” was offered to translate into English several dozens of Russian-language terms and concepts related to philology and pedagogy. Recommendations are given to correct some errors and inaccuracies made by the web service. The authors come to the conclusion that the use of neural translation has led to a significant improvement in the quality of services provided by the web service “Google Translate.” It is noted that this service still makes mistakes (semantic and stylistic) when translating the following categories of vocabulary: compound terms and concepts; lexical units and phrases that do not have clear equivalents in the English language; two words with the same English equivalent; abbreviations; author’s occasionalisms. It is reported that, according to the authors, such errors are made by other popular web services (“Yandex.Translator,” “Translate.ru” etc.