ANALISIS SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD NELAYAN SUKU BAJO DI KAMPUNG WURING KECAMATAN ALOK BARAT KABUPATEN SIKKA

Masyarakat nelayan suku Bajo Kampung Wuring merupakan salah satu bagian masyarakat pesisir yang bisa beradaptasi dan mampu memanfaatkan sumberdaya perikanannya. Namun mayoritas nelayan suku Bajo masih hidup serba keterbatasan terutama nelayan kecil dan buruh nelayan. Nelayan suku Bajo masih memiliki masalah dengan keberlanjutan hidupnya dari masalah sosial, ekonomi dan lingkungan serta dampak perubahan iklim. Perubahan iklim seperti permukaan air laut naik, gelombang tinggi, hujan deras dan badai sangat mempengaruhi keberlanjutan hidup nelayan suku Bajo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis status aset sustainable livelihood suku Bajo di Kabupaten Sikka. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September-Oktober 2023 di Kampung Wuring Kecamatan Alok Barat, Kabupaten Sikka. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan analisis sustainable livelihood adalah Multiaspect Sustainability Analysis (MSA) untuk menilai status keberlanjutan. Hasil penelitian dalam analisis status sustainable livelihood nelayan suku Bajo di Kampung Wuring dengan total nilai rata-rata sebesar 48,3. Sustainability nilai yang tertinggi adalah aspek human capital (73,4), social capital (73,4) dan economic and financial capital (53,4), sedangkan aspek yang terendah adalah physical capital (40) dan natural capital (26,6). Sehinga perlu perhatian khusus terhadap fakor natural capital kerena memiliki nilai status kurang berkelanjtan. Kata kunci: capital, keberlanjutan, nelayan, suku Baj

Assessment of Procurement System of Municipalities in Gaza Strip

The one investigating the Municipalities' status and the level of performance of their sections and departments, through the services delivery levels, will obviously and beyond doubt observe that those municipalities are not enjoying any kind of integrated administrative nor legal systems necessary to support its service delivery nor its mission. Furthermore, it is noticed that any changes to the municipal higher administrative team will severely impact the municipality impeding its performance in its mission and service delivery for a significantly long period time. Therefore, the researcher outlined a conception for an important tool of project management in the municipalities which is the Procurement and Contracts Department. Comprehensive conception was proposed detailing the procurement legislations and separating it from the guidelines or other systems organizing the municipalities' departments and sections work. During this research, all the available procurement legislations used within the municipalities, which were emanated as part of the municipal law and the Ministry of Local Government, were studied, considering that projects development and procurement issues are not only important parts of the mission and duties given to the municipalities but also an additional reason of its creation. The used procedures and guidelines which clarify and make the laws applicable and practicable by the municipal employees were also studied in the research. The research, also clarified and highlighted the fundamentals necessary for establishing and developing sound and proper procurement laws. Also the research brought up a method of measuring the legal and administrative shortcoming and gaps, in the Municipalities, through developing questionnaires to collect data from the municipality employees regarding procurement issues. The questionnaire comprised of seven parts; each part dealing with one fundamental of the procurement law. Statistical software was used to compile and statistically analyze the data collected through the questionnaires. A number of statistical tests were applied to test the correlation of the data in order to discover the extent to which the municipality's employees understand the used legislation and guidelines regarding procurement issues. The research has proven that many of the procurement fundamentals are not applied in the municipalities. This shortcoming is attributed to the lack of a sound procurement system that satisfies the needs of Clients, suppliers and Contractors. Another reason for this shortcoming is the absence of an integrated administrative system with defined duties to enable the concerned persons to develop and update the applied procurement system based on the past experience and the market needs. On the other hand, the research has proven that procurement laws and bylaws do exist and are used by municipality's employees but these laws and bylaws are scattered, incomplete and not enough for sound and proper procurement practices. One of the most important recommendations of the researcher is the necessity to develop a comprehensive procurement law, emanating out of it a number of acts or guidelines satisfying the needs of the contracting authorities, contractors, consultants and suppliers. The establishment and development of an administrative system, able and capable of applying, developing and updating these procurement laws, guidelines and specifications in order to maintain proper applications and accommodate for any future developments in procurement, project management and related businesses and industries, is also a necessity

Past, present, and future of corporate social responsibility and earnings management research

For decades, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been an area at the heart of business research. The aspects of CSR that researchers have been focusing on have grown exponentially. Most research efforts have dwelled on its positive effects, including good behavioural changes, promising financial performance, social investment and development, and environmental preservation and protection. On the other hand, several scholars have questioned the credibility of CSR and its link to unethical financial conduct, particularly earnings management. This review paper uses a systematic literature review to conduct bibliometric analysis, content analysis, and thematic analysis in order to identify trends and outcomes of CSR reporting and earnings management research. The literature review search is guided by PRISMA and analyses 152 Scopus-indexed articles between 2005 and 2021. As a result, this paper reveals the most influential authors and articles, leading journals and countries, and research cluster networks. This review also outlines the theoretical perspectives and future direction of CSR and earnings management research. In addition, this review paper provides critical and beneficial insights for stakeholders and researchers

Past, Present, and Future of Corporate Social Responsibility and Earnings Management Research

For decades, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been an area at the heart of business research. The aspects of CSR that researchers have been focusing on have grown exponentially. Most research efforts have dwelled on its positive effects, including good behavioural changes, promising financial performance, social investment and development, and environmental preservation and protection. On the other hand, several scholars have questioned the credibility of CSR and its link to unethical financial conduct, particularly earnings management. This review paper uses a systematic literature review to conduct bibliometric analysis, content analysis, and thematic analysis in order to identify trends and outcomes of CSR reporting and earnings management research. The literature review search is guided by PRISMA and analyses 152 Scopus-indexed articles between 2005 and 2021. As a result, this paper reveals the most influential authors and articles, leading journals and countries, and research cluster networks. This review also outlines the theoretical perspectives and future direction of CSR and earnings management research. In addition, this review paper provides critical and beneficial insights for stakeholders and researchers

Research on corporate reputation: A bibliometric review of 43 years (1977−2020)

Corporate reputation is vital in today’s uncertain and challenging business environment. It is crucial for firms’ long-term viability, prominence in a competitive market, and relationship with the stakeholders. Research on corporate reputation has been increasing tremendously. This study aimed to perform a bibliometric analysis to find the trends in corporate reputation publications, influential countries, institutions, sources, and scholars and propose a model that could impact corporate reputation. The keyword “corporate reputation” was used as it is a collective view of all stakeholders by using the TITLE-ABS-KEY, inserted with quotation marks. One thousand eight hundred seven publications from 1977 to 2020 were extracted from the Scopus database. Data were exported to Microsoft Excel, Publish or Perish (PoP), and VOSviewer. The trends show an increase in corporate reputation research, with most corporate reputation studies focusing on business, management, and accounting fields. The United States accounted for nearly half of the corporate reputation publications, with New York University being the most productive institution. Some of the scholars have been mentioned in this paper. A proposed model has been developed, comprising the corporate image, e-communication, stakeholder, philanthropy, and leadership as the variables that could impact corporate reputation. This model could be further explored using qualitative or case studies. Also, contingency theory could be explored in the corporate reputation area. This study’s contribution is to provide an overview to scholars on the corporate reputation research area

Structural and optical properties of gamma irradiated cugao2 thin film deposited by radio frequency (rf) sputtering

In space, semiconductor devices are vulnerable to various effect of high energy level of radiation causing single event upsets (SEU), damaging or altering the lattice structure. In this work, p-CuGaO2 was selected due to its relatively wide bandgap and a visibility transmittance up to 80% as a potential semiconductor material capable of withstanding harsh radiation environment. p-CuGaO2 thin films were deposited by RF powered sputtering on indium tin Oxide (ITO) substrates at 2500C deposition temperature and annealed at 300 oC. Structural morphology and optical properties of CuGaO2 thin film were investigated before and after irradiation. The samples were irradiated using Cobalt-60, gamma-ray with a dose ranging from 10 kGy-200 kGy. The structural properties reveal that the CuGaO2 films shows a diffraction peak at 2θ=38.0510 (012) before irradiation. The optical properties of deposited CuGaO2 thin film, exhibits approximately 75% optical transmittance in the invisible region at pre-irradiation and post-irradiation results shows a decrease of optical transmittance of 55%. At a dose of 200 kGy, the band gap of CuGaO2 is 3.62 eV which indicates that it is still within the acceptable range of a semiconductor properties. Early results of CuGaO2 shows good mitigation towards irradiation thus indicating that CuGaO2 thin film is capable of withstanding harsh radiation environment while retaining its semiconductor properties

Linguistic-based SPARQL translation model for semantic question answering system

Semantic Question Answering (SQA) aims to translate natural language (NL) questions to Simple Protocol and RDF Query Language (SPARQL) queries to retrieve answer from linked data. SQA deals with the complexity of NL questions because of the users’ styles of writing. Furthermore, the process to construct the SPARQL query to retrieve answer from linked data is complex due to the different merging scenarios depending on the six meta-mapping aspects: (1) the question type; (2) the sequence of important POS tags; (3) the preposition occurrence (4) the datatype of the matched RDF triples; (5) the resource heterogeinity; (6) the structure of the matched RDF triples. To date, most existing researchers on SQA system have treated the focus for SQA system to accept complex NL question separately from the focus to address meta-mapping scenarios. The motivation of this study is to design and develop an SQA system that accepts complex NL questions while addressing the meta-mapping scenarios. This is vital because each user has their own idiosyncrasy in composing NL question which needs to be translated to SPARQL query that involve different merging meta-mapping scenarios. We designed the selective POS tag extraction technique and the semantic representation composition technique to handle the complex NL questions. Meanwhile, we formulated a new linguistic-based SPARQL translation model to address the meta-mapping scenarios. The model is formulated using our proposed QALD dataset analysis methodology which can also be used by other researchers to implement on any QALD dataset. Model-Driven Semantic Question Answering (MDSQA) system that is integrated with the two techniques and formulated model is developed to automate the translation of the NL questions to SPARQL queries. MDSQA is evaluated using the QALD-3 test dataset that consists of 100 NL questions as input. The output of the MDSQA are the constructed SPARQL queries. The evaluation results are derived by comparing the constructed SPARQL queries against the actual SPARQL queries provided by the QALD-3 test dataset. MDSQA is able to process all complex NL questions in QALD-3 which consist of simple and complex NL questions without any manual modification of the question. Based on precision and recall of answer type, SPARQL query form, number of triples, placement of triples and SPARQL condition, MDSQA is capable of addressing meta-mapping scenario. Further enhancement is needed to address the drawbacks of this approach