Effect of wood aging on wine mineral composition and 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratio

The evolution of mineral composition and wine strontium isotopic ratio 87Sr/86Sr (Sr IR) during wood aging were investigated. A red wine was aged in stainless steel tanks with French oak staves (Quercus sessiliflora Salisb.), with three industrial scale replicates. Sampling was carried out after 30, 60, and 90 days of aging, and the wines were evaluated in terms of general analysis, phenolic composition, total polysaccharides, multielement composition, and Sr IR. Li, Be, Mg, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Mo, Sb, Cs, Ba, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb, Lu, Tl, and Pb elements and 87Sr/86Sr were determined by quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Q-ICP-MS) and Na, K, Ca, and Fe by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Two-way ANOVA was applied to assess wood aging and time effect on Sr IR and mineral composition. Wood aging resulted in significantly higher concentrations of Mg, V, Co, Ni, and Sr. At the end of the aging period, wine exhibited statistically identical Sr IR compared to control. Study suggests that wood aging does not affect 87Sr/86Sr, not precluding the use of this parameter for wine traceability purposesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Selective isomerization of α-pinene oxide to campholenic aldehyde by ionic liquid-supported indenyl-molybdenum(II)-bipyridine complexes

Campholenic aldehyde (CPA), an important flavor and fragrance intermediate, can be obtained by the Lewis acid-catalyzed isomerization of α-pinene oxide (PinOx), although achieving high yields (>90%) is a difficult challenge due to the high reactivity of the epoxide. In the present work, indenyl-molybdenum(II)-bipyridine complexes [IndMo(bipyR)(CO)2](BF4) (bipyR = 2,2′-bipyridine (R = H) or 4,4′-disubstituted-2,2′-bipyridine) have been combined with various ionic liquid solvents to develop an efficient process for the selective conversion of PinOx to CPA under mild (35 °C) conditions. Excellent CPA yields (95%) were repeatedly obtained within 1 min reaction time for the easily recyclable catalytic system comprising [IndMo(4,4′-dinonyl-2,2′-bipyridine)(CO)2](BF4) and choline bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide.publishe

Propyl­ammonium 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)butane-1,3-dionate

The title salt, C3H10N+·C14H8F3O2 −, constitutes the first organic crystal containing a residue of 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)butane-1,3-dione. The terminal –CF3 group is disordered over two locations [occupancy ratio = 0.830 (7):0.170 (7)]. Bond delocalization involving the two carbonyl groups and the α-carbon was observed. The crystal packing is mediated by several supra­molecular inter­actions, namely charged-assisted N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, C—H⋯F and C—F⋯F short contacts and C—H⋯π inter­actions

Effect of the dog positioning on X-ray table on hip dysplasia parameter evaluation

Research Areas: Veterinary Sciences; ZoologyABSTRACT - Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pelvic tilting along the long axis and femoral rotation on Norberg angle (NA), subluxation index (SI) and subluxation category (SC) in the standard ventrodorsal hip extended (VDHE) radiographical view on live animals. Study Type This was a retrospective clinical study. Materials and Methods Pairs of VDHE views, one adequately positioned and the other with pelvic tilting or femoral internal or external rotation, were compared for the NA, SI and SC. Results On the malpositioned pelvis set, on the underside the mean +/- SD NA was 98.7 +/- 6.1 degrees, the SI was 0.27 +/- 0.12 and the SC was 2.8 +/- 0.8 versus, on the acceptable set, the NA was 99.2 +/- 6.4 degrees ( p > 0.05), the SI was 0.25 +/- 0.12 ( p 0.05). Conclusions In clinical practice, pelvic tilting along the long axis in VDHE view results in non-favourable hip changes in the NA, SI and SC on the underside and favourable on the upperside, and the internal or external femoral rotation did not affect these variables.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Efficient isomerization of α-pinene oxide to campholenic aldehyde promoted by a mixed-ring analogue of molybdenocene

The MoIV complex [(eta5-indenyl)(eta5-cyclopentadienyl)Mo(MeCN)2](BF4)2 (1) has been used to promote two acid-catalyzed epoxide ring-opening reactions under ambient conditions. The alcoholysis of styrene oxide in neat ethanol gave 2-ethoxy-2-phenylethanol in quantitative yield within 10 min. The use of an ionic liquid (IL) as cosolvent benefitted catalyst solubility and recycling while not impairing catalytic performance. Complex 1 in 1,2-dichloroethane was effective for the isomerization of alpha-pinene oxide to campholenic aldehyde (CPA), leading to 87% yield at 1 h reaction. The same yield could be achieved within 1 min by using the IL [Choline][NTf2] as solvent. CPA yields at 1 min reached near-quantitative values (98%) upon recycling of the catalyst/IL mixture, demonstrating an unparalleled combination of activity, selectivity and recyclability for this commercially important reaction. Considering the catalytic features of the 1/IL system, a CPA process flow diagram is proposed and compared to patented technology.publishe

Diffusivities of linear unsaturated ketones and aldehydes in compressed liquid ethanol

For the accurate design, optimization and simulation of chemical processes limited by mass transfer kinetics it is important the knowledge of transport properties, namely, diffusion coefficients, D12. In this work, the D12 values of six unsaturated linear ketones (i.e., propanone, butanone, propan-2-one, propan-3-one, hexan-2-one and hexan-3-one) and three unsaturated linear aldehydes (i.e., butanal, pentanal and hexanal) in (compressed) liquid ethanol were measured at temperatures from 303.15 K to 333.15 K and pressures up to 150 bar. The D12 values of ketones are in the range of 1.28 × 10−5 – 2.89 × 10−5 cm2 s−1 and of the aldehydes are between 1.39 × 10−5 and 2.68 × 10−5 cm2 s−1. The general trends of D12 regarding temperature, pressure, Stokes-Einstein coordinate, and free volume are presented and discussed. The diffusivities of the various ketones position isomers and aldehyde/ketone isomers were statistically compared, being possible to conclude that the former ones exhibit indistinguishable diffusivities while different values appear for aldehydes/ketones isomers. Finally, five models and a machine learning algorithm from the literature were tested to predict/correlate the new data. It is suggested that the TLSM model should be the preferred approach for D12 prediction of linear unsaturated aldehydes and ketones in liquid compressed ethanol.publishe

High-yield synthesis and catalytic response of chainlike hybrid materials of the [(MoO3)m(2,2′-bipyridine)n] family

The one-dimensional organic–inorganic hybrid material [MoO3(2,2'-bipy)] (1) (2,2'-bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine) has been used as a starting material to prepare the bipy-deficient phases [Mo2O6(2,2'-bipy)] (2) and [Mo3O9(2,2'-bipy)2] (3) in excellent yields. The hybrid 2 was obtained by a solid-state thermal treatment of 1 (300 ºC, 10 min) while 3 was obtained by a hydrothermal treatment of 1 (160 ºC, 6 d). A study was performed to compare the catalytic properties of 1–3 in the epoxidation of cis-cyclooctene at 55 ºC with tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP) or aqueous H2O2 as oxidant. In all cases Cy was converted to cyclooctene oxide (CyO) with 100% selectivity, and Cy conversions increased in the order 1 < 3 < 2, which parallels an increase in the Mo/2,20-bipy molar ratio of the hybrid (1 < 1.5 < 2). With compound 2, CyO yields at 24 h were 96% for TBHP (cosolvent a,a,a-trifluorotoluene) and 53% for H2O2 (cosolvent CH3CN). The catalytic reactions occurred in homogeneous phase with active species formed in situ from 1–3. All three hybrids react with aqueous H2O2 to give the catalytically active oxodiperoxo complex [MoO(O2)2(2,2'-bipy)]. The 2 : 1 hybrid 2 was further examined for the epoxidation of other cyclic and linear non-functionalised olefins with TBHP, namely cyclododecene, 1-octene and trans-2-octene, and the biomass-derived olefins DL-limonene, a-pinene and methyl oleate.publishe

Tooth-derived matrix granules for enhanced bone healing: chemical composition, morphological aspects, and clinical outcomes

Bone grafting has increasingly been used in surgical procedures for enhanced bone augmentation. Tooth-derived graft material has received considerable attention due to its chemical composition and autogenous source that can improve bone tissue healing. The main aim of this study was to provide a short and comprehensive review on the chemical composition, morphological aspects, and clinical outcomes of bone grafting using tooth-derived matrix granules. Dentin tissue has a chemical composition similar to that on bone tissues regarding the presence of hydroxyapatite, type I collagen, and different growth factors. Dentin-matrix granules are often processed at well-controlled size ranging from approximately 300 up to 1300 µm, while maintaining porosity and organic content. In addition, a dense collagen fiber network is still present after the milling and chemical treatment of dentin granules. Thus, dentin-matrix granules can improve the bone healing process considering their chemical composition, porous structure, and adequate size. However, further in vivo and in vitro studies should be performed taking into consideration different demineralization procedures, remnant organic content, porosity, and granule size.This study was supported by the Portuguse Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031035_LaserMULTICER), SFRH/BPD/123769/ 2016, and CNPq-Brazil (CNPq/UNIVERSAL/421229/2018-7)

Multi-Omic profiling of macrophages treated with phospholipids containing Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids reveals complex immunomodulatory adaptations at protein, lipid and metabolic levels

In recent years, several studies have demonstrated that polyunsaturated fatty acids have strong immunomodulatory properties, altering several functions of macrophages. In the present work, we sought to provide a multi-omic approach combining the analysis of the lipidome, the proteome, and the metabolome of RAW 264.7 macrophages supplemented with phospholipids containing omega-3 (PC 18:0/22:6; omega 3-PC) or omega-6 (PC 18:0/20:4; omega 6-PC) fatty acids, alone and in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Supplementation of macrophages with omega 3 and omega 6 phospholipids plus LPS produced a significant reprogramming of the proteome of macrophages and amplified the immune response; it also promoted the expression of anti-inflammatory proteins (e.g., pleckstrin). Supplementation with the omega 3-PC and omega 6-PC induced significant changes in the lipidome, with a marked increase in lipid species linked to the inflammatory response, attributed to several pro-inflammatory signalling pathways (e.g., LPCs) but also to the pro-resolving effect of inflammation (e.g., PIs). Finally, the metabolomic analysis demonstrated that supplementation with omega 3-PC and omega 6-PC induced the expression of several metabolites with a pronounced inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effect (e.g., succinate). Overall, our data show that supplementation of macrophages with omega 3-PC and omega 6-PC effectively modulates the lipidome, proteome, and metabolome of these immune cells, affecting several metabolic pathways involved in the immune response that are triggered by inflammation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Intercalation of a molybdenum η3-allyl dicarbonyl complex in a layered double hydroxide and catalytic performance in olefin epoxidation

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