Seagrass conservation and monitoring in Myanmar: the biodiversity, distribution and coverage of seagrasses in the Tanintharyi and Rakhine

Surveys on seagrass taxonomy, distribution and extent were carried out in 14 locations within Myeik Archipelago and along the Rakhine Coast

Menopausal hormone therapy and risk of venous thromboembolism: the story so far

Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is known to increase the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and less frequently cerebral vein thrombosis, but the absolute risk for a given patient is very low. After starting MHT, the risk of VTE seems to be at its highest, declining to the non-HRT user baseline level of risk after stopping. Whether estrogen-only or estrogen-progestin HRT combination is linked to a similar risk of VTE is unclear from the available evidence. The aim of this study is to evaluate the risks of developing VTE in relation to different types as well as different modes of administration of MHT through a database search including PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and others in order to provide the women carers with the up-to-date and evidence-based guidelines and recommendations while counseling the post-menopausal women enquiring on use of hormonal therapies either to alleviate the menopausal symptoms or to prevent the longterm sequelae of estrogen deficiency

Long Starphene Single Molecule NOR Boolean Logic Gate

Using a low temperature scanning tunneling microscope (LT-UHV-STM), local electronic tunneling spectroscopy and differential conductance mapping are performed to investigate how by extending one phenyl more each branch of the conjugated board of a trinaphthylene starphene molecule, the corresponding longer trianthracene starphene new molecule is functioning like a NOR Boolean logic gate according to a Quantum Hamiltonian Computing (QHC) design. Here the STM tip is used to manipulate single Au atoms one at a time for contacting a trianthracene molecule. Each Au atom is acting like a classical digital input on the molecule encoding for a logical “0” when the atom is not interacting with the trianthracene input branch and for a logical “1” when interacting. The inputs are converted in quantum information inside the trianthracene molecule and the logical output status available on the output branch. QHC is demonstrated to be robust since quantum information transfer can be used on the long range along the trianthracene for the NOR logic gate to function properly as compared to the shorter trinaphthylene molecule

Global distribution patterns provide evidence of niche shift by the introduced African dung beetle Digitonthophagus gazella

The establishment of cattle ranches throughout the world has prompted the release of dung beetles as biological control agents that reduce pasture fouling and control dung‐breeding flies. One of these beetles, Digitonthophagus gazella (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), that is native to southeast Africa, has been introduced into the Americas, Australia, and New Zealand. Distribution records for this species have been used to develop climate models of potential future establishment. Recent studies, however, identify D. gazella as a complex of seven species. Taking into account this revision, and the clear identification of the records belonging to the actual D. gazella, we developed environmental models to identify factors that have contributed to the establishment of this species across regions and habitats. We compared the environmental conditions of D. gazella in its native range against those in the regions where the species has or has not established. Our results indicate that D. gazella is still absent in certain parts of Central and South America and parts of Africa where it could potentially establish. We speculate that its distribution in Africa is limited by competitive exclusion. The introduction of D. gazella in America is relatively recent, such that the full extent of its distribution has probably yet to be realized. In Australia and North America, D. gazella is present in regions not predicted according to its native environmental conditions. This discrepancy may reflect a lack of competitive exclusion, phenotypic plasticity, and/or genetic adaptation. Our analyses suggest that the species has the ability to adapt to a wide range of environmental conditions that are extremely different from those in their native region. The species represents a useful case study to indicate that an introduced species may expand its realized niche beyond what is expected based on apparent environmental limits in the species native range.Appendix S1. Digitonthophagus gazella geographical records included in the analysis.Appendix S2. Explanatory variables deleted in the various phases of the screening analysis and those finally selected. Variance inflation factor (V): variables deleted by having a V value <5 in the geographical background (GB) of the native area of Digitonthophagus gazella. Index (I): variables deleted after applying the instability index to identify those with the highest capacity to discriminate between the environmental conditions in the presence cells against those prevailing in the GB area. F: finally selected variables.The data from New Zealand are courtesy of the Dung Beetle Release Strategy Group (DBRSG) and Landcare Research Manaaki Whenua.A Colciencias Ph.D. scholarship.https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/157074582021-08-11hj2021Zoology and Entomolog