APLIKASI KAMUS HEWAN DAN TUMBUHAN BERBASIS ANDROID

Saat ini perkembangan informasi yang sangat pesat seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi informasi dimana hampir seluruh dunia menggunakan fasilitas teknologi ini. Salah satu teknologi untuk memfasilitasi komunikasi dan informasi, yaitu pembuatan aplikasi mobile. Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan dengan keanekaragaman flora dan fauna. Di setiap provinsi ada flora dan fauna yang merupakan karakteristik dari daerah. Flora dan Fauna adalah sebuah provinsi di identitas Indonesia. Dalam upaya untuk memperkenalkan keragaman Flora dan Fauna di Indonesia dengan memanfaatkan teknologi komputer, itu adalah saat ini aplikasi mobile kamus berbentuk memfasilitasi mencari informasi tentang jenis-jenis flora dan fauna di Indonesia. Aplikasi Flora dan Fauna Indonesia Kamus Android berbasis tujuan untuk memperkenalkan dan memberikan informasi tentang keragaman jenis Flora dan Fauna di Indonesia, aplikasi ini ditujukan kepada masyarakat, terutama bagi anak-anak dan siswa sebagai sarana pendidikan atau belajar tentang Tumbuhan dan Hewan. Fitur dalam menampilkan aplikasi kamus tentang nama ilmiah, profil, serta informasi tentang flora dan fauna di Indonesia

Early Development of Mouse Embryos Null Mutant for the Cyclin A2 Gene Occurs in the Absence of Maternally Derived Cyclin A2 Gene Products

AbstractProgression through the mammalian cell cycle is regulated by the sequential activation and inactivation of the cyclin-dependent kinases. In adult cells, cyclin A2-dependent kinases are required for entry into S and M phases, completion of S phase, and centrosome duplication. However, mouse embryos lacking the cyclin A2 gene nonetheless complete preimplantation development, but die soon after implantation. In this report, we investigated whether a contribution of maternal cyclin A2 mRNA and protein to early embryonic cell cycles might explain these conflicting observations. Our data show that a maternal stock of cyclin A2 mRNA is present in the oocyte and persists after fertilization until the second mitotic cell cycle, when it is degraded to undetectable levels coincident with transcriptional activation of the zygotic genome. A portion of maternally derived cyclin A2 protein is stable during the first mitosis and persists in the cytoplasm, but is completely degraded at the second mitosis. The ability of cyclin A2-null mutants to develop normally from the four-cell to the postimplantation stage in the absence of detectable cyclin A2 gene product indicates therefore that cyclin A2 is dispensable for cellular progression during the preimplantation nongrowth period of mouse embryo development

Diurnal variations of resting-state fMRI data : a graph-based analysis

Circadian rhythms (lasting approximately 24 h) control and entrain various physiological processes, ranging from neural activity and hormone secretion to sleep cycles and eating habits. Several studies have shown that time of day (TOD) is associated with human cognition and brain functions. In this study, utilizing a chronotype-based paradigm, we applied a graph theory approach on resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data to compare whole-brain functional network topology between morning and evening sessions and between morning-type (MT) and evening-type (ET) participants. Sixty-two individuals (31 MT and 31 ET) underwent two fMRI sessions, approximately 1 hour (morning) and 10 h (evening) after their wake-up time, according to their declared habitual sleep-wake pattern on a regular working day. In the global analysis, the findings revealed the effect of TOD on functional connectivity (FC) patterns, including increased small-worldness, assortativity, and synchronization across the day. However, we identified no significant differences based on chronotype categories. The study of the modular structure of the brain at mesoscale showed that functional networks tended to be more integrated with one another in the evening session than in the morning session. Local/regional changes were affected by both factors (i.e., TOD and chronotype), mostly in areas associated with somatomotor, attention, frontoparietal, and default networks. Furthermore, connectivity and hub analyses revealed that the somatomotor, ventral attention, and visual networks covered the most highly connected areas in the morning and evening sessions: the latter two were more active in the morning sessions, and the first was identified as being more active in the evening. Finally, we performed a correlation analysis to determine whether global and nodal measures were associated with subjective assessments across participants. Collectively, these findings contribute to an increased understanding of diurnal fluctuations in resting brain activity and highlight the role of TOD in future studies on brain function and the design of fMRI experiments

Influence of socioeconomic factors on pregnancy outcome in women with structural heart disease

OBJECTIVE: Cardiac disease is the leading cause of indirect maternal mortality. The aim of this study was to analyse to what extent socioeconomic factors influence the outcome of pregnancy in women with heart disease.  METHODS: The Registry of Pregnancy and Cardiac disease is a global prospective registry. For this analysis, countries that enrolled ≥10 patients were included. A combined cardiac endpoint included maternal cardiac death, arrhythmia requiring treatment, heart failure, thromboembolic event, aortic dissection, endocarditis, acute coronary syndrome, hospitalisation for cardiac reason or intervention. Associations between patient characteristics, country characteristics (income inequality expressed as Gini coefficient, health expenditure, schooling, gross domestic product, birth rate and hospital beds) and cardiac endpoints were checked in a three-level model (patient-centre-country).  RESULTS: A total of 30 countries enrolled 2924 patients from 89 centres. At least one endpoint occurred in 645 women (22.1%). Maternal age, New York Heart Association classification and modified WHO risk classification were associated with the combined endpoint and explained 37% of variance in outcome. Gini coefficient and country-specific birth rate explained an additional 4%. There were large differences between the individual countries, but the need for multilevel modelling to account for these differences disappeared after adjustment for patient characteristics, Gini and country-specific birth rate.  CONCLUSION: While there are definite interregional differences in pregnancy outcome in women with cardiac disease, these differences seem to be mainly driven by individual patient characteristics. Adjustment for country characteristics refined the results to a limited extent, but maternal condition seems to be the main determinant of outcome

SLAPPed in Illinois: The Scope and Applicability of the Illinois Citizen Participation Act

This article examines the origins, structure, and consequent effectiveness of the recently enacted Illinois Citizen Participation Act. Designed to combat a particular breed of vexatious litigation known as "Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation," or "SLAPPs," the Citizen Participation Act conditionally immunizes potential civil defendants from liability when they are sued for acts implicating their First Amendment rights. The article briefly examines the nature of SLAPPs, why they stand contrary to public policy, and outlines some proposed solutions to eliminate or reduce their use. The article then explores the substantive and procedural mechanisms employed by Illinois to bring about the objectives behind the new law. After comparing the Citizen Participation Act to similar laws passed in other states, it becomes apparent that the broad language and applicability of the Act, coupled with its one-sided remedial mechanisms, presents a significant risk of destabilizing the fine balance of adversarial rights held by civil plaintiffs and defendants in Illinois--a balance the Act, on its face, seeks to protect. Finally, the article offers two relatively simple solutions that, if enacted, would help ensure the Citizen Participation Act successfully attains its goal of creating a more equitable and democratic judicial process for all

An Investigation of Premarital Sexual Permissiveness of University of Wisconsin-La Crosse Students

The purpose of this study was to investigate the premarital sexual permissiveness of a random sampling of the 1971-72 summer school student body of the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse. A secondary purpose of this study was to determine the degree of equalitarianism females showed regarding premarital sexual attitudes. The population sample consisted of 52 females and 38 males who were all undergraduate summer school students. All of the students were given a self-administered anonymous questionnaire containing questions regarding both male and female premarital sexual standards. The data were analyzed by using the "contrived" five item scale to determine same sex and opposite sex permissiveness for both male and female respondents. A test of unrelated measures was used to check for significant differences between male and female premarital sexual attitudes and for self and opposite sex permissiveness as a measure of equalitarianism. An analysis using percentages was made of the total responses with regard to agreement with coital items, to find out the overall permissiveness level for men and women. The results of these analyses indicate the following: that females expressed more permissive attitudes regarding male standards than did males; that males expressed more permissive attitudes toward female standards than did females; and that females were less equalitarian than males

Implicit versus Explicit Mechanisms of Vocabulary Learning and Consolidation

Previous research has suggested that integration of novel words into lexical competition benefits from a consolidation delay containing a period of sleep (Dumay & Gaskell, 2007). However, a recent study argued that learning novel words via a relatively implicit Hebb repetition task leads to later lexical integration independently of sleep (Szmalec, Page, & Duyck, 2012). It is not clear whether this different time course of lexical integration is a consequence of the learning method chosen, as opposed to other between study differences. Four experiments directly compared the learning of novel words using explicit and implicit methods, namely phoneme monitoring on isolated tokens vs. Hebb repetition of syllable sequences. The impact of the learning was tested at a range of later time-points using two tests of explicit knowledge (recognition and recall) and a test of lexical integration (pause detection on related existing words). Between experiments, we also manipulated exposure frequency, the impact of syllable grouping cues in Hebb repetition and the level of mismatch between novel and real words. The results suggested that learning novel words via Hebb sequence repetition does not confer a benefit on lexical integration prior to or after sleep. We observed an engagement in lexical competition only in the case where a good level of explicit training was followed by a consolidation delay. Recognition and recall performance was generally poorer for Hebb learning. We conclude that Hebb-style implicit learning of words does not allow consolidation processes to be bypassed in lexical integration