Diagnóstico e banco de dados das propriedades geotécnicas da duplicação do lote 4 da BR-470/SC com auxílio de um SIG

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil, Florianópolis, 2015.O estudo desenvolvido nesta dissertação tem por objetivo a estruturação de um banco de dados geotécnico espacial de características mecânicas dos solos do lote 4 da rodovia BR-470/SC. Este lote compreende 15,4Km e interliga as cidades de Blumenau e Indaial. Com relação ao local de análise dessa pesquisa, adotou-se um buffer de 3Km em relação ao trecho analisado, o que constituiu na área de estudo. Foi dada ênfase na elaboração de um banco de dados em SIG onde os ensaios de campo e os de laboratório foram analisados nesse ambiente. Os ensaios de laboratório permitiram caracterizar as unidades pedológicas, geológicas e geotécnicas. Por intermédio dos ensaios de campo (SPT, SM, DPL e SCA) foram traçados perfis estratigráficos do solo, observando características como o impenetrável, nível de água e alteração da resistência do material com a profundidade. Elaborou-se mapas temáticos: modelo digital de elevação, mapa de declividade, mapa geotécnico preliminar e mapa geotécnico refinado. Foram realizadas tradagens de 12 pontos para classificar o solo como residual ou sedimentar e, assim, auxiliar a elaboração do mapa geotécnico refinado. Como resultado final tem-se a caracterização, através da análise estatística, de cada universo geotécnico. Com o mapa geotécnico refinado, elaborou-se um mapa de uso do solo, que apresenta as áreas com potencial para o emprego como jazida de corpo de aterro e os locais com possibilidade de solo mole. Com os ensaios de laboratório foram caracterizados os locais de jazida, e com os ensaios de campo (SPT e SM) confirmou-se a região dos solos moles.Abstract : The study developed in this dissertation aims to structure a spatial geotechnical database of mechanical characteristics of soils from Lot 4 of BR-470/SC highway. This lot comprises 15.4 km and connects the cities of Blumenau and Indaial. Regarding the place of analysis of this research, was adopted a buffer of 3km in relation to the analyzed segment, which constituted the study area. It was emphasized the elaboration of a database in GIS, where the field and laboratory tests were analyzed. Laboratory tests allowed to characterize the pedological, geological and geotechnical units. Through field tests (SPT, SM, DPL and SCA) were drawn stratigraphic profiles of the soils, noting characteristics such as the impenetrable, water level and the alteration of material?s strength with depth. Thematic maps were elaborated: slope map, preliminary geotechnical map and refined geotechnical map. There were performed 12 borehole points to classify the soil as residual or sedimentary and thus, help the development of the refined geotechnical map. As final result there is the characterization, by the statistical analysis of each geotechnical universe. With the refined geotechnical map, was elaborated a map of soil use, which shows the areas with potential for use as landfill body deposit and the locations with the possibility of soft ground. With the laboratory tests, were characterized the places of deposit, and with the field tests (SPT and SM) was confirmed the region of soft soil

Isolation and characterisation of mutants from the halotolerant yeast Pichia sorbitophila defective in H+/glycerol symport activity

Picha sorbitophila, a yeast species highly resistant regarding osmostress in general and to salt stress in particular, was subjected to a mutagenesis strategy in order to obtain mutants deficient in the glycerol active uptake previously described. Density centrifugation was used for enrichment of NaCl sensitive mutants in either glucose or glycerol media. Several phenotypic classes of mutants were identified, to which physiological tests were applied concerning the activity of the symporter, its accumulation capacity and the detection of the activity of glycerol pathway specific enzymes. From these, two mutant strains were selected, presenting a clearly deficient phenotype on H+/glycerol symport activity.EC (Contract AIR CT 93-0830)

Glycerol metabolism and transport activity regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Apresentação e resumo efectuados no 17th Small Meeting on Yeast Transport and Energetics em Córdoba, Espanha de 9 a 12 de Setembro de 1999.With the purpose of studying the correlation between glycerol metabolic pathway and glycerol active transport (1) in S. cerevisiae, an extensive study on glycerol transport was elaborated in all the available mutants from the genes of glycerol metabolic pathway having W303 as common genetic background: gut1∆, gut2∆, gpp1∆, gpp2∆, gpd∆1 and gpd2∆ and several double mutants. For this purpose we chose to diagnostic active transport determining uptake kinetic parameters (Km and Vmax) and maximum glycerol accumulation ratios, as well as the capacity of accumulated radiolabeled substrate to be extruded after accumulation in glucose- and ethanol-grown cells. All these mutant strains presented active uptake of the same order of magnitude of the wild type, except glycerol kinase deletion mutant, gut1∆. Ethanol-grown cells of gut1∆ presented active uptake with identical Km but lower Vmax (± 70%) than wild type strain. This indicated that, most probably, uptake Vmax determinations in all the other strains might present some contribution of glycerol kinase activity. This hypothesis was reinforced with measurements of glycerol kinase activity in cell free extracts obtained under the same physiological conditions. Furthermore, gut1∆ and gut2∆ glucose-grown cells were also tested as to the activity of Fps1(2). Passive diffusion constant values were similar to the ones in wild type cells, but Fps1 activity could not be detected in gut1∆. The results suggest that glycerol kinase activity, from all the enzymes in glycerol pathway, is the only one to interfere with active uptake measurements, although it does not resume them. The same reasoning could not be applied to Fps1 activity detection, which is highly affected by the presence of glycerol kinase, questioning its role as a facilitator(2) and thus opening a clear way for the clarification, instead, of its role as a channel(3).Comissão Europeia (EC) - Cell Factory Program - Project BIOTECH PL 950161

Regulation of glycerol transport genes GUP1 and GUP2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Comunicação apresentada no " 18th Small Meeting on Yeast Transport and Energetics" realizado em Ouro Preto, Brasil em 2000

Agregado leve: uma alternativa sustentável para o reaproveitamento de resíduo de serragem no processo industrial

 A serragem gerada no processamento da madeira tanto em lojas moveleiras como na extração de árvores é um resíduo que possui diversas aplicações para reutilização, mas que, em muitos casos, ainda é descartado de forma irregular no meio ambiente, contaminando o solo, o ar e a água. A produção de agregado leve pode ser uma opção para o reaproveitamento dessa serragem. O agregado leve (AL) é uma opção de brita usada em construção civil com o objetivo de reduzir o peso da estrutura, melhorar o conforme térmico e acústico ou, ainda, como opção para locais onde a brita não está disponível. No Brasil e em quase todo o mundo existem argilas comuns disponíveis e que poderiam ser utilizadas na produção de agregado leve. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi produzir um AL para diferentes aplicações, entre elas como agregado para construção civil, tijolos e como elemento de adorno. Foram testadas formulações para a produção de agregado leve contendo argila ilita e serragem. Também, para efeito de comparação, foi adquirido um agregado leve comercial, e formulações feitas com argila e carvão mineral, argila e óleo combustível. Os corpos de prova foram produzidos por prensagem à pressão de 30 MPa, em formato cilíndrico com diâmetro de 19 mm e altura de 15 mm. Após a queima, os corpos de prova foram caracterizados por ensaios tecnológicos de absorção de água, densidade aparente, resistência à compressão, difração de raios X e análise química por fluorescência de raios X. Os resultados mostraram que a incorporação de serragem nas formulações pode ser uma alternativa para a produção de agregado leve, uma vez que se obtiveram alta resistência e baixa densidade em comparação com o agregado leve comercial e os produzidos com materiais não sustentáveis. Além disso, o uso da serragem contribuiu para a redução do impacto ambiental causado pelo descarte desnecessário de serragem e pela extração de recursos naturais, necessários para a produção de materiais de construção.Sawdust generated by wood processing, both in industries processing and in tree felling, is a waste that has several applications for reuse, but, in many cases, it is still discarded irregularly in the environment, contaminating the soil, air, and water. The production of lightweight aggregate (LWA) can be an option for the reuse of this sawdust. The LWA is a gravel solution used in civil construction with the objective of reducing the weight of the structure, improving thermal and acoustic compliance, or as an option for locations where gravel is not available. In Brazil, and in most parts of the world, there are common clays available that can be used in the LWA production. The aim of this research was to produce an LWA for different applications, among them, as aggregate for civil construction, bricks, and as an adornment element. Formulations were tested to produce LWA containing illitic clay and sawdust. In the same way, for comparison, a commercial LWA was purchased, and formulations were made with clay and coal, and clay and fuel oil. The specimens were produced by pressing at 30 MPa in a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 19 mm and a height of 15 mm. After firing, the specimens were characterized by technological tests of water absorption, bulk density, compressive strength, X-ray diffraction analysis, and chemistry by X-ray fluorescence. The results indicated that the incorporation of sawdust in the formulations can be an alternative to produce LWA, once it obtained high strength and low density, compared to commercial LWA and to that produced with unattractive materials. Furthermore, it may contribute to the reduction of environmental impact, resulting from the disposal of sawdust and the generation of natural resources, necessary to produce construction materials

Otitis Media and Internal with Brainstem Extension in a French Bulldog

Background: Otitis is a frequent condition in dogs, with a multifactorial etiology covering primary causes, predisposing and perpetuating factors. It is characterized by an inflammatory process of structures that make up the auditory system, with prevalence data ranging from 15 to 20%, which can occur in any age group and without sex predisposition. According to the location, it can be classified as uni or bilateral, affecting the outer, middle and / or inner ear, the latter two being associated with neurological changes such as vestibulopathy, facial nerve paresis and Horner's syndrome. The morbidity and mortality of otitis media and internal may increase with delay in diagnosis, resulting in delay in the correct treatment, and the extension to brainstem is described in felines and considered rare in dogs. The present study aims to report an atypical case of otitis media and internal, with extension to the brain parenchyma in a brachycephalic dog.Case: A 3-year-old bitch French Bulldog canine was seen, weighing 12 kg, with a history of vomiting, apathy, nystagmus, ataxia and acute evolution hemiparesis. As a result of adoption, it was not known about the animal's morbid past. On special physical and clinical examination, depressed mental status, changes in postural reactions, nostril stenosis with unilateral mucopurulent nasal discharge, corneal ulcer, palpebral and labial ptosis, absence of eyelid reflex and spontaneous strabismus were observed, all of these findings observed on the left side of the face. No signs of otitis external to otoscopy were found. The clinical signs found characterize left facial nerve paresis and peripheral and central vestibulopathy. Otitis media / internal and meningoencephalitis were suspected. Hemogram, serum biochemistry (glucose, urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, total proteins, albumin, globulin, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyltransferase, phosphorus, total bilirubin, cholesterol and total calcium), urinalysis, rapid tests for erlichiosis, anaplasms , borreliosis, heartworm, distemper and leishmaniasis, CSF analysis, neurological panel performed by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) that tested the animal for Bartonellosis, Lyme Disease (Borrelia burgdorferi), Blastomyces dermatitidis, Cryptococcus sp., Virus West Nile, Distemper, Toxoplasmosis, Neosporose and Coccidioides sp. using conjunctival swab, whole blood, urine and CSF samples. The samples were negative for all of these tests. As an image exam, brain magnetic resonance was performed. In the latter, otitis media and left internal was observed with extension of the lesion to the brain parenchyma. CSF analysis showed cytological changes compatible with a non-suppurative inflammatory process, mild pleocytosis with predominantly mononuclear leukocyte infiltrate. As a form of treatment, antibiotic therapy and total ablation of the auditory canal with lateral bulectomy were performed, showing good results with reduced clinical symptoms.Discussion: It is concluded that although the diagnosis of otitis media and internal with extension to brainstem is more common in cats, it should be included as a differential for central vestibular disorders in dogs, and that the diagnosis together with early and effective treatment are important, since that the evolution of the infection to the central nervous system represents a risk to the patient.Keywords: vestibulopathy, meningoencephalitis, brachycephalic.Descritores: vestibulopatia, meningoencefalite, braquicefálico.Título: Otite média e interna com extensão para tronco encefálico em cão buldogue francês

Fps1p channel is the mediator of the major part of glycerol passive diffusion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae : artefacts and re-definitions

Glycerol has been shown to cross Saccharomyces cerevisiae plasma membrane (1) through a H+/symport detected in cells grown on non-fermentable carbon sources, (2) by passive diffusion and (3) through the constitutive Fps1p channel. This has been named a facilitator, for mediating glycerol low affinity transport of the facilitated diffusion type. We present experimental evidence that this kinetics is an artefact created by glycerol kinase activity. Instead, the channel is shown to mediate the major part of glycerol passive diffusion. Nevertheless, Fps1p major role in vivo has been previously shown to be the control of glycerol export under osmotic stress or in reaction to turgor changes. Overexpressing FPS1 caused an increase in H+/symport V_max. Moreover, yfl054c and fps1 mutants were equally affected by exogenously added ethanol, being the correspondent passive diffusion stimulated. This is, to our knowledge, the first time that a phenotype can be attributed to the functioning of YFL054c gene. Glycerol passive diffusion is thus apparently channel mediated. This is discussed according to glycerol chemical properties, which contradict the widely spread concept of glycerol lipossoluble nature. The discussion considers the multiple roles that glycerol intracellular levels and its pathway regulation might play as a central key to metabolism control.EC contract PL 950161 from BIOTECH - Cell Factories Program

Role of Candida species from HIV infected children in enamel caries lesions: an in vitro study

Objectives This study analyzed the capacity of Candida spp. from dental biofilm of HIV infected (HIV+) children to demineralize primary molar enamel in vitro by Transversal Microhardness (TMH), Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM) and the quantity of calcium ions (Ca2+) released from the enamel. Material and Methods Candida spp. samples were isolated from the supragingival biofilm of HIV+ children. A hundred and forty (140) enamel blocks were randomly assigned to six groups: biofilm formed by C. albicans (Group 1); mixed biofilm formed by C. albicans and C. tropicalis (Group 2); mixed biofilm formed by C. albicans and C. parapsilosis (Group 3); mixed biofilm formed by C. albicans, C. parapsilosis and C. glabrata (Group 4); biofilm formed by C. albicans ATCC (Group 5) and medium without Candida (Group 6). Enamel blocks from each group were removed on days 3, 5, 8 and 15 after biofilm formation to evaluate the TMH and images of enamel were analyzed by PLM. The quantity of Ca2+ released, from Groups 1 and 6, was determined using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The SPSS program was used for statistical analysis and the significance level was 5%. Results TMH showed a gradual reduction in enamel hardness (

Risco socioambiental no ensino de Geografia: proposta de prática educativa

O ensino de Geografia compreende um processo importante para a interpretao de fenmenos sociais e naturais, os quais se encontram expressos no espao geogrfico e correspondem a elementos que possibilitam problematizar situaes do cotidiano, como a formao de reas de risco. O artigo apresenta uma proposta de prtica educativa para o tema cidade e rea de risco socioambiental, por meio de um estudo de caso no bairro So Dimas, na poro noroeste da cidade de So Joo del Rei, localizado prximo a estruturas e servios urbanos do municpio. Esse local se configura como rea de risco, por possuir situaes de perigo com o processo de voorocamento e a vulnerabilidade das pessoas que habitam o local. A combinao de fenmenos naturais, populao e interveno antrpica no bairro So Dimas motivou a escolha do local como objeto da realidade para a construo e interpretao dos conceitos de cidade, urbanizao, especulao imobiliria, dinmica da paisagem e riscos socioambientais. Na proposta educativa, os recursos didticos maquete, fotografias e trabalho de campo so metodologias que consideram o conhecimento prvio dos alunos, estimulam a participao ativa e possibilitam a anlise desses conceitos. A tcnica de trabalho em grupo utilizada para sistematizao e troca de experincias e conhecimentos entre alunos. Nesse contexto de aprendizagem significativa a proposta didtica dividida em quatro momentos: prtica social, problematizao, instrumentalizao e produo