Flora Fanerogâmica do Estado do Paraná, Brasil: Psilochilus Barb.Rodr. (Orchidaceae, Triphorinae)

Flora Fanerogâmica do Estado do Paraná, Brasil: Psilochilus Barb.Rodr. (Orchidaceae, Triphorinae)</htm

New synonyms in Dryadella (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

In this note, we propose the synonymization of Dryadella camacaensis under D. vitorinoi and D. storchiana under D. aviceps. These two recently described Dryadella were published at the time of the revision of Dryadella for Brazil was published. The morphological metrics and ecological affinities used to support the synonymization are presented and discussed.Nesta nota, propomos a sinonimização de Dryadella camacaensis sob D. vitorinoi e D. storchiana sob D. aviceps. Essas duas Dryadella descritas recentemente foram publicadas na época em que a revisão de Dryadella para o Brasil foi publicada. As métricas morfológicas e afinidades ecológicas usadas para dar suporte à sinonimização são apresentadas e discutidas

× Butyagrus liebschii, uma nova palmeira (Arecaceae) de Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil

In this study, we propose a description of × Butyagrus liebschii, a new hybrid resulting from the spontaneous crossing between the palm trees Butia catarinensis and Syagrus romanzoffiana, found in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. We provide a description, photos, and comments about the new nototaxon.Neste estudo propomos a descrição de × Butyagrus liebschii, um novo híbrido oriundo do cruzamento espontâneo entre as palmeiras Butia catarinensis e Syagrus romanzoffiana, encontrado no estado de Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil. São fornecidas a descrição, fotos e comentários sobre o novo nototaxon

Asymbiotic seed germination and in vitro propagation of Brasiliorchis picta

Seed storage method for in vitro germination and propagation from leaves of Brasiliorchis picta was developed. Seeds were harvested and stored at -20 and -80°C for 1, 3, 6, and 12 months and were germinated on Knudson C (KC), Murashige and Skoog (MS), half-strength MS (½ MS macro- and micro-nutrients), and woody plant medium (WPM). Seeds stored at -20°C, the recommended temperature for seed banks, had a high germination rate (76.0%) when cultivated in WPM after 12 months of storage. WPM is the best medium for seed germination and seedling development for both harvested and stored seeds, regardless of storage time and storage temperature. Whole leaf and leaf transversal thin cell layers (tTCL) from 3-month-old in vitro grown protocorms were cultured in ½ MS supplemented with 6-benzyladenine (BA; 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 μM) and thidiazuron (TDZ; 3.0, 6.0 and 9.0 μM) for 12 weeks. The highest frequency of regenerated protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) from explants (70.0%) occurred when whole leaves were cultured in medium containing 5.0 μM BA, whereas the best response for leaf TCL was with the basal section in medium containing 9 μM TDZ, in which PLBs developed in all regions of leaves. Plantlets were successfully acclimatized (with a survival rate of 97%) when vermiculite was used as a substrate.Key words: Endangered species, conservation, germination rate, leaf explant, culture medium, micropropagation, Orchidaceae, thin cell layer

O gênero Ornithocephalus Hook. (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) nos estados do Paraná e Santa Catarina

O gênero Ornithocephalus Hook. (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) nos estados do Paraná e Santa Catarina </htm

Novo registro do gênero Bletia Ruiz & Pav. (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Bletiinae) no Estado do Paraná, Brasil

No presente estudo é apresentado o novo registro e o tratamento taxonômico de Bletia para o estado do Paraná. Bletia é um gênero de orquídeas representado no Brasil por Bletia catenulata, de ampla distribuição na América do Sul e no Brasil. Um nova ocorrência deste táxon é reportada para o estado do Paraná, expandindo o atual limite austral conhecido para o gênero. Uma descrição e notas sobre a distribuição geográfica, habitat, fenologia, taxonomia, avaliação do estado de conservação e registros fotográficos do táxon são fornecidos.

<htm>Orchidaceae de um fragmento campestre em Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brasil </htm>

Orchidaceae de um fragmento campestre em Ponta Grossa,  Paraná, Brasil

Sarcoglottis matogrossensis Engels & E. C. Smidt 2021, sp. nov.

&lt;i&gt;Sarcoglottis matogrossensis&lt;/i&gt; Engels &amp; E.C.Smidt &lt;i&gt;sp. nov.&lt;/i&gt; (Figs. 1&ndash;2) &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Type:&mdash;&lt;/b&gt; BRAZIL. Mato Grosso: Nova Cana&atilde; do Norte, Teles Pires River, UHE Col&iacute;der, 18 August 2018, [fl.], &lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;. E. Engels, T. A. Silva &amp; W.&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;Monteiro 6617&lt;/i&gt; (holotype MBM, isotype RB).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Diagnosis:&mdash;&lt;/b&gt; The new species is morphologically similar to &lt;i&gt;S. metallica&lt;/i&gt; but can be distinguished by the discolored-green leaves, that may or may not be variegated with white spots, flowering that occurs when the leaves have become senescent, and petals with apices conspicuously free, acute, and reflexed.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Description:&mdash;&lt;/b&gt; Humicolous and saxicolous, acaulescent herbs. Roots 2&ndash;5 mm long, appearing fasciculate, thick, cylindrical, hairy. Leaves 13.6&ndash;22.2 &times; 2.4&ndash;5.2 cm, narrowly elliptical to oblanceolate, discoloured-green, that may or may not be variegated with white spots, attenuating towards the base, margin entire, apex obtuse to acute. Inflorescence up to &lt;i&gt;ca.&lt;/i&gt; 50 cm long, racemose, erect, 1&ndash;8-flowered; peduncle 19.2&ndash;40.9 &times; 0.3&ndash;0.5 cm, cylindrical, pubescent, greenish-brown; rachis 4.5&ndash;10.2 &times; 0.2&ndash;0.3 cm, cylindrical, pubescent, greenish-brown to brown; peduncle bracts 3.2&ndash;4.4 &times; 0.2&ndash;0.6 cm, narrowly triangular to narrowly elliptical, glabrous, greenish-brown, entire margin, acute apex; floral bracts 1.5&ndash;2.6 &times; 0.2&ndash;0.3 cm, narrowly lanceolate, glabrous, greenish-brown, entire margin, acute apex. Flowers resupinated; pedicellate ovary 2.8&ndash;3.2 &times; 0.4&ndash;0.6 cm, pubescent, green; dorsal sepal 1.4&ndash;1.7 &times; 0.3&ndash;0.4 cm, elliptical, concave, cuneate at base, margin entire, acute and recurved apex, pubescent adaxial face, light green with three darkergreen veins; lateral sepals 3.2&ndash;3.8 &times; 0.4&ndash;0.5 cm, falcate, decurrent in the ventral portion of the ovary, approximately 1/3 basal-connate, light green, pubescent adaxial face, portion free lanceolate, entire margin, acute apex; petals 1.2&ndash;1.4 &times; 0.2 cm, sub-sigmoid, elliptical in the general view, proximal margin internally adnate to the dorsal sepal in ca. 2/3 of the length, free proximal margin ciliated in ca. 2/3 of the length, acute apex, curved in a natural position, light green with three darker-green veins; lip 3.0&ndash;3.4 &times; 0.5&ndash;0.7 cm, spatulate in overview; narrowly oblanceolate, greenish-white; nectar glands ca. 0.5 cm long., narrowly ellipsoids, light green; apical lobe 4&ndash;5 &times; 5&ndash;7 mm, broadly oval, rounded base, entire margin, obtuse and apiculate apex, light green to yellowish-green with darker-green veins. Column 1&ndash;1.2 &times; 0.3 cm, flattened ventrally, glabrous, whitish; rostellum ca. 2 &times; 2 mm, sub-deltoid, truncated. Anther ca. 4 &times; 2 mm, elliptical, brownish-white. Stigma bilobed; elliptical, and confluent lobes; ca. 2 &times; 1 mm, whitish. Pollinarium with two elliptical-oblanceolate, whitish pollinia, ca. 4&ndash;5 &times; 1 mm; viscidium ca. 1 &times; 1 mm, transversely ellipsoid, dark brown. Fruits not seen.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Additional material examined (Paratypes):&mdash;&lt;/b&gt; BRAZIL. Mato Grosso: Col&iacute;der, 17 August 2017, [fl.], &lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;. E.&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;Engels 5666&lt;/i&gt; (MBM). Nova Cana&atilde; do Norte, Teles Pires River, UHE Col&iacute;der, 03 August 2019, [fl.], &lt;i&gt;M&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;. E.&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;Engels 7338&lt;/i&gt; (MBM).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Discussion&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;i&gt;&mdash;&lt;/i&gt; The architecture of the inflorescence, shape of the leaves and floral morphology of &lt;i&gt;S. matogrossensis&lt;/i&gt; are reminiscent of &lt;i&gt;S. maroa&euml;nsis&lt;/i&gt; (Romero-Gonz&aacute;lez &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;. 2010: 514), &lt;i&gt;S. amazonica&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;S. metallica&lt;/i&gt;. However, it can be distinguished by the light green, discoloured leaves that may or may not be variegated with white spots (&lt;i&gt;vs.&lt;/i&gt; reddish, brownish, or chocolate-purplish with irregular, bright green spots on the adaxial surface and homogeneously purplishred on the abaxial surface); the flowering which occurs after the senescence of the leaves (&lt;i&gt;vs.&lt;/i&gt; fresh leaves present at flowering); and by the petals with apices conspicuously free, acute and reflexed (&lt;i&gt;vs.&lt;/i&gt; adhering to the dorsal sepal nearly to the apex, obtuse, and straight). From &lt;i&gt;S. maroa&euml;nsis&lt;/i&gt; specifically, it can also be distinguished by the glabrous lip (&lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt;. rugose thickening near the apex of the apical lobe and extending to the apex of the central portion of the lip) and the apical lobe with an entire margin (&lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt;. crenate and plicate).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; With the recently described &lt;i&gt;S. neillii&lt;/i&gt; (Salazar &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;. 2019), &lt;i&gt;S. matogrossensis&lt;/i&gt; shares the floral structure and predominantly green leaves. The latter can be easily distinguished by the narrowly elliptical to oblanceolate leaves (&lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt;. elliptical to ovate) that are proportionally larger (13.6&ndash;22.2 &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt;. 5&minus;13 cm long.), by the petals with apices conspicuously free, acute, and reflexed (&lt;i&gt;vs.&lt;/i&gt; adherent internally to the dorsal sepal except at their little free recurved apices, obtuse and sometimes obscurely apiculate); and flowering occurs after the senescence of the leaves (&lt;i&gt;vs.&lt;/i&gt; fresh leaves present at flowering).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Distribution, habitat, and phenology&lt;/b&gt;:&mdash; &lt;i&gt;Sarcoglottis matogrossensis&lt;/i&gt; occurs as a saxicolous or humicolous plant in the stony soil and between the rocky outcrops of the understory of seasonal evergreen forest, in the Amazon Biome of the north-central region of the Mato Grosso state, at around 200&ndash;300 m of elevation. Flowering occurs during the dry season, in August and September.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Etymology&lt;/b&gt;:&mdash;The specific epithet refers to the Mato Grosso state, where the species was discovered.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;b&gt;Conservation status&lt;/b&gt;:&mdash;According to the IUCN (2017) criteria, &lt;i&gt;Sarcoglottis matogrossensis&lt;/i&gt; qualifies as Data Deficient (DD). The two localities, where the new species was found, are separated by only &lt;i&gt;ca.&lt;/i&gt; 30 km. The habitat is highly fragmented, and the two populations consist of less than ten individuals each. Deforestation and climate change are a major threat to Amazonian Biome (Gomes &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;. 2019). This is especially problematic in the Mato Grosso state, where the rate of illegal deforestation is very high. Recent reports suggest that between August 2016 and July 2017, illegal logging affected more than 60.000 hectares of forests (Silgueiro &lt;i&gt;et al.&lt;/i&gt; 2019). There are no studies of the impact on the herbaceous diversity, but without a forest canopy, the understory plants are likely threatened. Due to the low botanical coverage in the Mato Grosso state, further fieldwork is required to verify the presence of other populations of this species.&lt;/p&gt;Published as part of &lt;i&gt;Engels, Mathias Erich &amp; Smidt, Eric De Camargo, 2021, A new Sarcoglottis (Orchidaceae: Spiranthinae) from the southern Brazilian Amazon, pp. 171-176 in Phytotaxa 487 (2)&lt;/i&gt; on pages 172-175, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.487.2.8, &lt;a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5757557"&gt;http://zenodo.org/record/5757557&lt;/a&gt