551 research outputs found
The threats of social networking : old wine in new bottles?
Despite the many potential benefits to its users, social networking appears to provide a rich setting for criminal activities and other misdeeds. In this paper we consider whether the risks of social networking are unique and novel to this context. Having considered the nature and range of applications to which social networks may be applied, we conclude that there are no exploits or fundamental threats inherent to the social networking setting. Rather, the risks and associated threats treat this communicative and social context as an enabler for existing, long established and well-recognised exploits and activities
Mesoscale subduction at the Almeria-Oran front. Part 1: ageostrophic flow
This paper presents a detailed diagnostic analysis of hydrographic and current meter data from three, rapidly repeated, fine-scale surveys of the Almeria-Oran front. Instability of the frontal boundary, between surface waters of Atlantic and Mediterranean origin, is shown to provide a mechanism for significant heat transfer from the surface layers to the deep ocean in winter. The data were collected during the second observational phase of the EU funded OMEGA project on RRS Discovery cruise 224 during December 1996. High resolution hydrographic measurements using the towed undulating CTD vehicle, SeaSoar,. traced the subduction of Mediterranean Surface Water across the Almeria-Oran front. This subduction is shown to result from a significant baroclinic component to the instability of the frontal jet. The Q-vector formulation of the omega equation is combined with a scale analysis to quantitatively diagnose vertical transport resulting from mesoscale ageostrophic circulation. The analyses are presented and discussed in the presence of satellite and airborne remotely sensed data; which provide the basis for a thorough and novel approach to the determination of observational error
MiPOS - the Mote Indoor Positioning System
In the past few years, there have been huge research efforts into ubiquitous and context aware platforms that offer a user a custom level of service based on some known local parameters. The utility of such systems is greatly enhanced if a physical locational area can be determined. Recently, hybrid devices have been developed combining low power micro controllers with short range FM radio transceivers. Some location identification work has been carried out with these systems such as the Matrix Pencil approximation technique[8],however most of these all provide information for an ideal square area with no RF obstructions.Here we present MiPOS, a scalable locationing system based on the MICA mote[11] family of devices.The design goal of MiPOS is to provide a low-power, scalable, distributed locationing system suited to an indoor (office) environment.During the presentation of this paper we will highlight solutions in the areas of security, radio and network management and power awareness for a hybrid context aware wearable locationing device
Molecular definition of paratuberculosis pathologies by functional genomics
Paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) is a chronic intestinal disease of
ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis
(MAP). Three forms have been described in sheep â multibacillary,
paucibacillary and asymptomatic. Real-time RT-PCR (qPCR) and
microarray analyses were used to compare gene expression in ileal tissue
from sheep with the three forms of the disease in order to understand the
immune responses underpinning these three defined pathologies. All
animals from the infected flocks were IS900 positive by qPCR and
therefore infected with MAP. Asymptomatic sheep had no clinical signs of
disease, showed no evidence of acid-fast bacteria (ZN-), exhibited normal
histology of the terminal ileum and were seronegative. Paucibacillary
sheep were ZN- and showed lymphocyte/eosinophil infiltrate into the
lamina propria. 2/6 of the paucibacillary animals were seropositive.
Multibacillary sheep had high numbers of ZN+ bacteria associated with
infiltrating sheets of epithelioid macrophages and were seropositive.
Control sheep were IS900 negative and thus uninfected with MAP.qPCR experiments compared the expression of the following genes
- IL-la, IL-1B, IL-3, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-18, CD34, CXCR4,
GM-CSF, IFNy, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-6, TGF6, TIRAP, TNFa, TRAF-land
TRAM. The results confirmed that pauci- and multibacillary forms are
linked to the differential expression of IFNy and IL-10 respectively, but
imply that polarisation is incomplete, with upregulation of both
proinflammatory IL-18 and anti-inflammatory TGFB in both disease
forms. Increased levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-ip, IL-8,
TNFa and TRAF-1, indicative of persistent inflammatory lesions, were
observed in clinical tissues. IL-3 was detected at low levels in all infected
animals but never in uninfected control samples. IGFBP-6 was upregulated
and CXCR4 down-regulated in paucibacillary samples compared to multibacillary samples. SNP analysis was carried out on
these genes, identifying three novel SNPs in each gene, but none were
linked to disease pathology.Microarray experiments discovered 63 differentially expressed
genes. Four genes were found to be differentially expressed in infected
tissue compared to uninfected controls, and a further eight in clinical
tissues compared to uninfected controls. Eight genes were differentially
expressed in clinical tissue compared to asymptomatic tissue. Seven
genes were quantified by qPCR and validated the microarray data well.
Pathway analysis of the microarray data identified several immune
pathways that are involved in pathogenesis. Infected tissues displayed
up-regulation of the genes involved in complement activation, and downregulation
of TCR signalling and MHC class II genes. In addition,
clinical tissues displayed up-regulation of genes involved in the JAKSTAT
and TLR2 signalling pathways, NK cell cytotoxicity and antibody
production. Multibacillary tissues also displayed up-regulation of genes
involved in leukocyte migration.Overall, these data confirm that multibacillary pathology is linked
to type 2 and paucibacillary pathology is linked to type 1 immune
responses, and identify novel genes and gene pathways for future
analyses
Engaging data-literate beginning teachers
Gen Y beginning teachers have an edge: theyâve grown up in an era of educational accountability, so when their students have to sit a high-stakes test, they can relate
Student-centred schools make the difference
The primary focus of this review is on how school leaders can develop and sustain a student-centred philosophy at all levels within their schools in order to increase the quality of education for all students. The authors draw on research literature from Australia and internationally to examine the impact that student-centred education can have on student outcomes, particularly for those students in disadvantaged contexts.
The review initially explores the concept of student-centred schools and how this notion is nested within a range of theoretical and philosophical constructs. The authors draw from research into student-centred pedagogy, learner-centred education, student-centred teaching and learning, and student-centred/ learner-centred leadership to provide a description of a student-centred school. They then consider models of leading student-centred schools, drawing from AITSLâs Australian Professional Standard for Principals and looking at the large-scale student-centred reforms in Ontario, Canada.
The authors use Viviane Robinsonâs five dimensions of school leadership that impact on student outcomes: 1) Establishing goals and expectations, 2) Resourcing strategically, 3) Ensuring quality teaching, 4) Leading teacher learning and development, and 5) Ensuring a safe and orderly environment. They then extend this framework to include three additional dimensions of student-centred schooling that emerged from the literature: a) Working with the wider community, b) Ethical Leadership, and c) Student voice. This report offers a critical review of literature to address the hypothesis that student-centred schools make the difference
Catholic Teachersâ Postgraduate Qualifications and Studentsâ End of Schooling Outcomes: A Large Scale Queensland Based Comparative Study
Abstract
A key feature of the current era of Australian schooling is the dominance of publically available student, school and teacher performance data. Our paper examines the intersection of data on teachersâ postgraduate qualifications and studentsâ end of schooling outcomes in 26 Catholic Systemic Secondary Schools and 18 Catholic Independent Secondary Schools throughout the State of Queensland. We introduce and justify taking up a new socially-just measurement model of studentsâ end of schooling outcomes, called the âTracking and Academic Management Indexâ, otherwise known as âTAMIâ. Additional analysis is focused on the outcomes of top-end students vis-Ă -vis all students who are encouraged to remain in institutionalised education of one form or another for the two final years of senior secondary schooling. These findings of the correlations between Catholic teachersâ postgraduate qualifications and studentsâ end of schooling outcomes are also compared with teachersâ postgraduate qualifications and studentsâ end of schooling outcomes across 174 Queensland Government Secondary Schools and 58 Queensland Independent Secondary Schools from the same data collection period. The findings raise important questions about the transference of teachersâ postgraduate qualifications for progressing studentsâ end of schooling outcomes as well as the performance of Queensland Catholic Systemic Secondary Schools and Queensland Catholic Independent Secondary Schools during a particular era of education
RRS James Cook Cruise JC103, 23 Apr - 03 Jun 2014. RAPID moorings cruise report
This cruise report covers scientific operations conducted during RRS James Cook Cruise 103. The purpose of the cruise was the refurbishment of an array of moorings spanning the latitude of 26.5°N from the Bahamas to the Canary Islands. Cruise JC103 departed from Port of Spain on Wednesday 23rd April 2014, calling twice at Nassau, Bahamas before finally docking in Santa Cruz de Tenerife on Wednesday 3rd June 2014.
The moorings are part of a purposeful Atlantic wide mooring array for monitoring the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and the associated heat transport. The array is a joint UK-US programme and is known as the RAPID-MOCHA array.
During JC103 moorings were serviced at sites: WBAL, WBADCP, WB1, WB2, WB2L, WBH2, WB4, WB4L, WB6, MAR0, MAR1, MAR1L, MAR2, MAR3, MAR3L, EB1, EB1L, EBHi, EBH1, EBH1L, EBH2, EBH3, EBH4, EBH4L. Sites with suffix âLâ denote landers fitted with bottom pressure recorders, WBADCP is a bottom mounted 75kHz ADCP. At the other sites moorings were equipped with CTDs and current meters. CTDs with oxygen sensors were, for the first time, deployed at WB1, WBH2, and WB4. Additionally two PIES (pressure and inverted echo sounder instruments) were recovered but not re-deployed at sites WBP1 and EBP2. Mooring MAR0 was not able to be recovered but was redeployed. A sediment trap mooring NOGST was also recovered and redeployed for the Ocean Biogeochemistry and Ecosystems Group at the NOCS.
CTD stations were conducted throughout the cruise for purposes of providing pre- and post- deployment calibrations for mooring instrumentation and for testing mooring releases prior to deployment.
Shipboard underway measurements were systematically logged, processed and calibrated, including: surface meteorology, 5m depth sea temperatures and salinities, water depth, and navigation. Water velocity profiles from 15 m to approximately 800 m depth were obtained using the two vessel mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (one 75 kHz and one 150 kHz).
Six APEX Argo floats supplied by the UK Met Office, were deployed during the cruis
Assuming Identity: Material Exchange in Southeastern Euro-Indian Encounters, c. 1680 - 1750
From the beginning of colonisation, Southeastern Native Americans used and adapted European materials in to their day-to-day lives. In particular, textile exchange held a central place in Euro-Indian relations, with clothing and style used to express identity and judge character. This thesis explores the role of material in relations and personal identity, using inventories, travel accounts and art to explain the accumulation of items as well as the ways they were used. By looking at the development of trade and style from 1680 to 1750, the autonomy of Native Americans are illuminated as they were able to retain traditional markers of their identity, while also actively using and engaging with European textiles
Exploring effective play-based learning environments that include students with learning support needs in New Zealand primary schools : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Education at Massey University, Palmerston North, Aotearoa, New Zealand
Play-based learning (PBL) as a teaching pedagogy in New Zealand primary schools is becoming increasingly common. This change in teaching philosophy places emphasis on the child as an active agent in their learning, with teachers capitalising on individual play interests to foster holistic learning and development. Given PBLâs focus on childrenâs interests, motivations and needs, and relative abandonment of normative expectations, PBL is potentially well placed to act as a tool to improve the classroom experiences of students with learning support needs. Following international trends, New Zealand research on PBL in the primary school setting is emerging. To date this has not focused on students with learning support needs. This research attempted to do this through the lens of exemplary PBL primary school teachers who include children with learning support needs in their classrooms. This study used a qualitative design with semi-structured interviews conducted with five teachers. The exemplary teachers in this research had positive, solution-based attitudes towards inclusion, strong communication and collaboration skills and valued flexible, open-ended resources and spaces. Teachers were skilled at observing and responding to individual childrenâs play and well-being and explicitly taught social and emotional skills. Teachers used the curriculum and monitored learning in holistic, flexible ways, which enabled them to meet a range of needs. Teachers identified where students found the PBL environment difficult to negotiate and were more present to support these children. There were significant variations between teachers in how additional supports provided for children with learning support needs were used. Results suggest effective inclusive teaching practices in a PBL environment have at their foundation teachers with positive, innovative, can-do attitude towards inclusion that is supported by two-way collaboration with other stakeholders, and engagement with practice enhancing professional development
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