Inter-limb asymmetry during rehabilitation understanding formulas and monitoring the "magnitude" and "direction"

This article outlines how asymmetry can be used during the rehabilitation process for practitioners, and the importance of both the magnitude and direction of an inter-limb asymmetry

Podium in Südfrankreich.

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Implementation of Innovative Technology for Evaluating High-speed Rail Passenger Transportation

The size and content of consumer value (CV) of the service for the transportation of passengers by the railways ofUkrainein long-distance communication by nighttime and daytime trains is determined. A comparison is made of the results of two approaches to researching the attitude of customers to the service – traditional (point-based) and new, taking into account the specific requirements of the total management of the customer value of the service. The directions of the managerial impact of CV on the passenger transportation in long-distance communication by the railways ofUkrainebased on the attitude of customers to the disadvantages and advantages of this service are determined.In three focus groups, discussions were held about travel by Ukrainian railways by daytime and nighttime trains. Based on the results, a list of the disadvantages and advantages that form the consumer value of such a transport service is formed. The list of 19 positive and negative statements reflected all stages of the trip by rail. Behind it, the Likert scale and the corresponding form for conducting an interview were developed. The number of respondents is 823. The sample is random.The results of the polls confidently prove that the prejudiced attitude of passengers towards daytime transportation has been overcome. The ratio of passengers of the railways ofUkrainein daytime transportation in long-distance traffic is better than in nighttime.Only one fifth of those traveling daytime and nighttime are fully satisfied with the level of advantages and disadvantages, which is not enough for most customers to make repeat purchases. However, such a hypothesis needs to be verified in future studies.The feeling of satisfaction among passengers of daytime trains with a positive value of consumer value does not arise in 29 %, which is a threat to the railway operator company. Women are generally worse off on transportation services than men.Personal experience using the train in general does not affect the attitude. However, the experience of using a nighttime train significantly reduces the consumer value of the transport service.The main conclusion is that when several customer segments are served simultaneously in a common space, the total management of the customer value of the service and the corresponding research methods are productive

Acute effect of repeated sprints on inter-limb asymmetries during unilateral jumping

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of multiple repeated sprints on unilateral jump performance and inter-limb asymmetries. Eighteen recreationally active males performed three single leg countermovement jumps (SLCMJ) as baseline data. The repeated sprint protocol was 6 x 40 m with 20 seconds of passive rest between each sprint. This protocol was conducted four times, each set separated by four minutes of rest. Within that rest period, subjects performed one SLCMJ on each limb after two minutes of rest. A one-way ANOVA showed significant reductions (p < 0.05; ES = -0.52 to -0.99) in jump height on both limbs after each set relative to baseline. Inter-limb asymmetries increased at each time point and ranged from 7.62-14.67%, with significant increases in asymmetry seen after sets three (p = 0.046) and four (p = 0.002). Significant increases in sprint time were shown between sprints one and six in each set (p ≤ 0.01). A fatigue index (%) was also calculated and showed an exponential increase from 5.74% (set one) to 13.50% (set four), with significant differences between all sets (p < 0.001) with the exception of sets three and four. Results from this study show that a 6 x 40 m repeated sprint protocol is a sufficient dose for implementing acute fatigue in recreationally active subjects. This was manifested by reductions in jump height at all time points and jump height asymmetries after the third and fourth sets. These findings indicate that jump height from unilateral jump testing may be a useful metric to use during the monitoring process in recreationally trained athletes

ОЦІНКА ЯКОСТІ ПОВЕРХНЕВИХ ВОД РІЧОК КОШОВА ТА ВЕРЕВЧИНА У ЗОНІ УРБОГЕННОГО ВПЛИВУ МІСТА ХЕРСОН

Irrational use of water resources has led to anthropogenic transformation of riverbeds, lower quality indicators, violation of the ecological balance of aquatic ecosystems. An urgent task today is to restore the ecological condition of the tributaries of the Dnieper, which are an indicator of its quality. The purpose of the investigation was to assess the ecological condition of the rivers Koshova and Verevchyna in the zone of urban impact of the city of Kherson.The general assessment of the level of pollution of the hydroecosystems was carried out according to the method of calculating the pollution coefficient and the method of comparing the hydrochemical parameters with the fishery standards of the maximum permissible concentrations. According to the analysis of the quality conditionof surface waters of the Verevchyna River, it was established that the mineralization at the place of wastewater mineralization was 1.4 MPC, pH – 1.02 MPC, PO4 – 3 MPC, NO2 – 16 MPC. The background content of phosphate phosphate was observed in the mouth of the Verevchyna River.The quality of surface water the Koshova River met the standards for the concentration of pollutants in terms of nitrate nitrogen, total iron, dissolved oxygen and mineralization. The concentration of chemical oxygen demand and phosphates was 4 MPC.According to the assessment of the ecological condition of surface waters, it was established that the Verevchyna River belongs to the very dirty V class of quality in terms of the level of pollution with the value of the pollution coefficient of 25.6. According to the  classification scale of  ecological condision of surface waters, the Koshova River belong to the category moderately pollution  III class of quality. To improve the ecological condition of Koshova and Verevchyna rivers and reduce anthropogenic pressure on natural watercourses, restoration of natural drainage, cleaning of river banks, organization of timely garbage removal along of watercourse banks, reconstruction and construction of stormwater treatment plants and sewage treatment are proposed.Нераціональне використання водних ресурсів призвело до антропогенної трансформації русел річок, зниження якісних показників, порушення екологічної рівноваги водних екосистем. Актуальним завданням на сьогодні є відновлення екологічного стану приток р. Дніпро, які являються індикатором його якості. Мета дослідження полягала у здійсненні оцінки екологічного стану річок Кошова та Веревчина у зоні урбогенного впливу міста Херсон.Загальна оцінка рівня забруднення досліджуваних гідроекосистем здійснювалася за методикою розрахунку коефіцієнта забруднення та методу порівняння гідрохімічних показників з рибогосподарськими нормами ГДК. Згідно аналізу якісного стану поверхневих вод р. Веревчиної встановлено, що мінералізація у місці скиду стічних вод становила 1,4 ГДК, рН – 1,02 ГДК, РO4 – 3 ГДК, NO2 – 16 ГДК. Фоновий вміст фосфору фосфатного спостерігався у гирловій частині р. Веревчина. Якість поверхневих вод річки Кошова відповідала нормативам концентрації забруднюючих речовин за показниками нітратного азоту, загального заліза, розчиненого кисню та мінералізації. Концентрація ХСК та фосфатів становила 4 ГДК.Згідно проведеної оцінки екологічного стану поверхневих вод встановлено, що р. Веревчина за рівнем забруднення відносилася до дуже брудної V класу якості із величиною коефіцієнта забруднення 25,6. Поверхневі води річки Кошова згідно шкали класифікації якості оцінені як помірно забруднені III класу.Для покращення екологічного стану р. Кошова, р. Веревчина та зменшення антропогенного навантаження на природні водотоки запропоновано відновлення природного дренажу, розчищення берегів річок, здійснення організації своєчасного вивезення сміття вздовж берегів водотоків, реконструкцію та будівництво очисних споруд для зливових вод та удосконалення методів очистки каналізаційних вод

The Nili Patea caldera; evolving magma, explosive eruptions and hydrothermal deposits on Mars.

A geological history connecting: Caldera formation, with an ignimbrite or pluton base. Post-caldera dacite flows, resurgent dome, and mafic ring fault volcanism

Improvement of lipid profile by probiotic/protective cultures: study in a non-carcinogenic small intestinal cell model.

Plasma lipid levels are important risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Previous findings have shown that probiotic bacteria exert positive effects on hypercholesterolemia by lowering serum cholesterol and improving lipid profile that, in turn, leads to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis. Most of these studies were carried out with tumoral cell lines that have a metabolism quite different from that of normal cells and may thus respond differently to various stimuli. Here, we demonstrate the beneficial effects of some probiotics on cholesterol levels and pathways in normal small intestinal foetal epithelial tissue cells. The results show that Lactobacillus plantarum strain PCS 26 efficiently removes cholesterol from media, exhibits bile salt hydrolase activity, and up-regulates several genes involved in cholesterol metabolism. This study suggests that Lactobacillus plantarum PCS 26 might act as a liver X receptor agonist and help to improve lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic patients or even dislipidemias in complex diseases such as the metabolic syndrome

Evolving magmas, explosive eruptions and hydrothermal deposits at Nili Patea Caldera, Syrtis Major, Mars

Nili Patera is a 45 km diameter caldera at the centre of the Syrtis Major Planum volcanic province. Nili Patera is unique amongst martian volcanic terrains in that it is now below the surrounding planum and hosts a diverse range of volcanic landforms and mineralogies. Our work addresses the stratigraphic and structural context of the caldera, based on these important, and well-known, initial observations: • Evidence of effusive and explosive volcanism. • A compositional diversity from olivine-rich basalts to dacite and feldspathic units. • Outcrops with spectral features indicative of hydrothermal silica in sinter mounds. • Asymmetric collapse with a maximum subsidence of 1800 m; dropping the caldera floor below the surrounding volcanic shield. • A 300 m high resurgent dome in the western caldera floor. We present a geological map (figure 1) and stratigraphic history of Nili Patera (figure 2) in which these geological findings are put into a nine-part geological history (figure 3). Additionaly, we consider the implications of the caldera’s evolution for the evolution of Syrtis Major Planum and Highland Patera style volcanoes in general