Short- and long- run linkages between employment growth, inflation and output growth: Evidence from a large panel

Copyright @ 2011 Brunel UniversityThis study examines the short- and long-run linkages between employment growth, inflation and output growth applying panel cointegration and causality tests to data for 119 countries over the period 1970-2010. We find evidence of positive Granger causality running from output growth to employment growth in the short run. Employment growth Granger causes output growth with a negative sign in the long run. Inflation Granger causes employment and output growth positively in the short run and negatively in the long run

Employment growth, inflation and output growth: Was phillips right? Evidence from a dynamic panel

Copyright @ 2011 Brunel UniversityIn this paper we analyse the short- and long-run relationship between employment growth, inflation and output growth in Phillips’ tradition. For this purpose we apply FMOLS, DOLS, PMGE, MGE, DFE, and VECM methods to a nonstationary heterogeneous dynamic panel including annual data for 119 countries over the period 1970-2010, and also carry out multivariate Granger causality tests. The empirical results strongly support the existence of a single cointegrating relationship between employment growth, inflation and output growth with bidirectional causality between employment growth and inflation as well as output growth, giving support to Phillips’ Golden Triangle theory

Employment Growth, Inflation and Output Growth: Was Phillips Right?: Evidence from a Dynamic Panel

In this paper we analyse the short- and long-run relationship between employment growth, inflation and output growth in Phillips' tradition. For this purpose we apply FMOLS, DOLS, PMGE, MGE, DFE, and VECM methods to a nonstationary heterogeneous dynamic panel including annual data for 119 countries over the period 1970-2010, and also carry out multivariate Granger causality tests. The empirical results strongly support the existence of a single cointegrating relationship between employment growth, inflation and output growth with bidirectional causality between employment growth and inflation as well as output growth, giving support to Phillips' Golden Triangle theory.Employment growth, inflation, output growth, Golden Triangle theory

The Paratext of Digital Documents

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Purpose - The purpose of this study is to provide a discussion on how to apply Genette's concept of the paratext to analyze digital documents. The article argues that the concept, despite its shortcomings, is useful because it gives us the terminology to analyze elements often ignored and overlooked. Design/methodology/approach - By taking Gérard Genette's concept of the paratext as point of departure, the paper focuses on three controversial issues in the scholarly work about paratext and digital documents: the division of paratext into peritext and epitext, the explosive growth of paratext and the question of authorization of text and paratext. Findings - Questions related to the spatial division of the paratext into peritext and epitext, the difficulty of where to draw the line between text and paratext and the question of authorization are not new for digital documents but did already occur in the analog world. Even if many decisions like what to include and what to exclude in an analysis are left to the researcher, this does not mean that Genette's concept is unsuitable for digital documents. On the contrary, the concept gives us the terminology to analyze elements of often ignored and overlooked, also for digital documents. Research limitations/implications - As a scholar in the humanities the author can only relate to and therefore analyze what the author can experience and observe on screen level. Originality/value - In providing a discussion of digital documents and some of the controversial issues discussed by other researchers, this article shows the relevance of Genette's concept, also for our work with digital documents

Digital Film Preservation: The Search for the Original

The transition from photochemical to digital has without doubt profoundly affected filmmaking and film distribution. But digitization also has consequences to the preservation and exhibition of films produced in the analogue era. The advantages of digitization of film are obvious: the audience gets easy access to a digital copy and, at the same time, the photochemical original (or what is left of it) can be stored in optimal temperature and humidity conditions for long-term preservation. Not only has digitization contributed to new possibilities for film scholars to study films, it has also made old films available to a broader public. Travelling to archives or film festivals is no longer a necessity when we can get hold of a film on DVD, Blu-ray, or even by online streaming. This of course is a process that already started with videotape in the 1970s. When it comes to films from the silent era, digitization most often not only means a simple transformation from analogue to digital for easier access or for preservation, but also often includes restoration and reconstruction, since photochemical material decays in different physical and chemical ways. Even if it is generally accepted today that film restoration always will be a kind of reconstruction and interpretation where choices have to be made, it is nevertheless considered a process that aims for a result as close as possible to its original. In the following, I will ignore current debates on the impact of digitization on the film medium – for instance if digitization means the end of film and cinema as we know it or not – or questions about the life time of digital film, digital restoration tools etc. My main concern will be on the consequences of digitization of silent films in our search for the original. To illustrate my argument, I will use Robert J. Flaherty’s first film, Nanook of the North, a classic, silent film that premiered at the Capitol Theatre in New York City in the summer of 1922. As shown elsewhere (Skare 2016) Nanook of the North, today considered a classic of the silent era, exists at least in 4 different versions from the English speaking world alone: besides the different screenings of 1922 with different musical scores and surrounding programs we can study a sound version from 1947, the restored version from the 1970s and later editions on VHS, DVD, and Blu-ray, all with different prefaces and different film music in addition to some extra material. My main concern in this paper will be on the consequences of digitization of silent films in our search for the original

Authenticity – An Important Property for Artistic Documents?

The notion of authenticity seems to have grown more and more important for artistic documents during the last decades. Critics are using the term as a kind of distinction; an authentic novel or film is a good novel or film. Authenticity in these cases does not mean questioning the novel or film as an original work of art; rather, what is meant by authenticity is the relationship between reality and the content of a novel or film, assuming possible mimesis in terms of a mirror-like relationship. The highly acclaimed and award-winning film Das Leben der Anderen (The lives of others) can be considered one of the most successful recent German films about the GDR. Many critics focused on the film’s authenticity and thus the film’s truthful representation of life in the GDR. In this paper I would like to claim that this happens because of how the producers are using elements of the paratext in convincing us that what we watch is real, is authentic. By focusing on aspects like the producer’s research, the personal experience and memory of producer and actors, and last but not least the approval by leading intellectuals and political institutions, the message of authenticity is broadcasted in an effective way

Designing for Connection to Alleviate Urban Stress

Today, it is estimated that over half of the world?s population are living in urban areas. With the ever-rising totals of the human population locating to the urban environment, the effects that the built environment has on well-being is more relevant now than ever. While urbanization has been a positive force in economic growth & opportunity, living in such dense areas also poses major social ramifications such as the manifestation of ?urban stress?. Urban stress can lead to uncomfortable living conditions & greater risk of health problems. Some causes of this phenomenon include but are not limited to the absence of green space, lack of access to services & activities, & poor quality housing which can lead to feelings of overcrowding, social deprivation, depression. This project focuses on the stress-reduction that may be achieved through different avenues of community-based activity: living, learning, working, & socializing. Another key aspect to this building?s design is the integration of green spaces throughout. It is through these connections to community & nature that people may destress, reenergize, & re-focus

A comparative study on quality, shelf life and sensory attributes of Atlantic salmon slaughtered onboard slaughter vessel against traditional land-based facilities

Masteroppgave i biologiBIO399MAMN-HAVSJMAMN-BI