OPERATING SPECIFICATIONS OF CATALYTIC CLEANING OF GAS FROM BIOMASS GASIFICATION

The paper focuses on the theoretical description of the cleaning of syngas from biomass and waste gasification using catalytic methods, and on the verification of the theory through experiments. The main obstruction to using syngas from fluid gasification of organic matter is the presence of various high-boiling point hydrocarbons (i.e., tar) in the gas. The elimination of tar from the gas is a key factor in subsequent use of the gas in other technologies for cogeneration of electrical energy and heat. The application of a natural or artificial catalyst for catalytic destruction of tar is one of the methods of secondary elimination of tar from syngas. In our experiments, we used a natural catalyst (dolomite or calcium magnesium carbonate) from Horní Lánov with great mechanical and catalytic properties, suitable for our purposes. The advantages of natural catalysts in contrast to artificial catalysts include their availability, low purchase prices and higher resilience to the so-called catalyst poison. Natural calcium catalysts may also capture undesired compounds of sulphure and chlorine. Our paper presents a theoretical description and analysis of catalytic destruction of tar into combustible gas components, and of the impact of dolomite calcination on its efficiency. The efficiency of the technology is verified in laboratories. The facility used for verification was a 150 kW pilot gasification unit with a laboratory catalytic filter. The efficiency of tar elimination reached 99.5%, the tar concentration complied with limits for use of the gas in combustion engines, and the tar content reached approximately 35 mg/mn3. The results of the measurements conducted in laboratories helped us design a pilot technology for catalytic gas cleaning

Defectoskopy od defectometry?

Požadavky na výsledky nedestruktivních kontrol (NDT) se neustále zvyšují. V současné době se jako výstup zpravidla očekává určení rozměrů necelistvostí, a ne pouze určení rozměrů indikací nebo jiných imaginárních údajů (rozměrů). Někteří proto přejmenovávají defektoskopii na defektometrii. Příklady méně známých způsobů určování rozměrů necelistvostí a zajímavé kombinace různých metodických přístupů k této problematice v novém ruském předpisu NP-084-15 jsou hlavní náplní příspěvku.The demands on results of NDT inspections are increasing continually. The determination of discontinuity dimensions is expected as an output at present time, not only the dimensions of indication or other imaginary values. So some people rename the defectoscopy to defectometry. Examples of less known ways of discontinuity dimensions determination and interesting combinations of different methodological approaches to this issue in the new Russian regulation NP-084-15 are the main contents of this paper

35 years of automated non-destructive testing of wwer type reactor pressure vessels

Provozní nedestruktivní kontrolou tlakové nádoby reaktoru 2. bloku elektrárny V-1 (EBO) z vnitřního povrchu v roce 1982 byla zahájena ve firmě ŠKODA Plzeň etapa automatizovaného zkoušení na jaderných elektrárnách typu VVER. Stručné ohlédnutí do historie, zajímavé informace a zejména současný stav provozních kontrol ve společnosti ŠKODA JS a.s. jsou hlavní náplní příspěvku.The period of automated testing on WWER type nuclear power stations started in ŠKODA Plzeň company in 1982 by the in-service inspection of reactor pressure vessel of V-1 power station (EBO) Unit 2 from the inner surface. Short look back, interesting information and mainly the present state of in-service inspections in ŠKODA JS a.s. company are the main contents of the paper

Shielding Effectiveness Simulation of Small Perforated Shielding Enclosures Using FEM

Numerical simulation of shielding effectiveness (SE) of a perforated shielding enclosure is carried out, using the finite element method (FEM). Possibilities of model definitions and differences between 2D and 3D models are discussed. An important part of any simulation is verification of the model results—here the simulation result are verified in terms of convergence of the model in dependence on the degrees of freedom (DOF) and by measurements. The experimental method is based on measurement of electric field inside the enclosure using an electric field probe with small dimensions is described in the paper. Solution of an illustrative example of SE by FEM is shown and simulation results are verified by experiments

Electrical properties optimization of stripline for EMC testing of automotive parts

This paper is focused on optimization of electrical properties of 50 ohm stripline which was described in international standard for the automotive industry ISO 11452-5. The standard shows the dimension of the stripline but information about impedance matching is missing - and this information is crucial for a power amplifier connection, especially in terms of VSWR parameter. In this paper connection possibilities between stripline feeders and an input / output coaxial connector are shown, simulations results describe dependencies of the VSWR to the dimensions and shapes of the stripline feeder in the point of connection to the connector

Stripline for electromagnetic susceptibility testing — Input impedance matching

This paper is focused on input impedance optimization of a stripline. The stripline for electromagnetic susceptibility testing represents a radiating structure which is composed of one active and one or more grounded conductors. The characteristic impedance of the stripline is given by the dimension and the material between conductors. If the characteristic impedance does not match to the output impedance of the RF amplifier, the impedance mismatch occurs and output circuits of the amplifier could be destroyed. The impedance matching circuit is necessary to be used in this situation. The impedance matching of the stripline using attenuators is shown in this paper; simulation results of S-parameters for different attenuator types were discussed

35 years of automated non-destructive testing of wwer type reactor pressure vessels

Provozní nedestruktivní kontrolou tlakové nádoby reaktoru 2. bloku elektrárny V-1 (EBO) z vnitřního povrchu v roce 1982 byla zahájena ve firmě ŠKODA Plzeň etapa automatizovaného zkoušení na jaderných elektrárnách typu VVER. Stručné ohlédnutí do historie, zajímavé informace a zejména současný stav provozních kontrol ve společnosti ŠKODA JS a.s. jsou hlavní náplní příspěvku.The period of automated testing on WWER type nuclear power stations started in ŠKODA Plzeň company in 1982 by the in-service inspection of reactor pressure vessel of V-1 power station (EBO) Unit 2 from the inner surface. Short look back, interesting information and mainly the present state of in-service inspections in ŠKODA JS a.s. company are the main contents of the paper

Defectoskopy od defectometry?

Požadavky na výsledky nedestruktivních kontrol (NDT) se neustále zvyšují. V současné době se jako výstup zpravidla očekává určení rozměrů necelistvostí, a ne pouze určení rozměrů indikací nebo jiných imaginárních údajů (rozměrů). Někteří proto přejmenovávají defektoskopii na defektometrii. Příklady méně známých způsobů určování rozměrů necelistvostí a zajímavé kombinace různých metodických přístupů k této problematice v novém ruském předpisu NP-084-15 jsou hlavní náplní příspěvku.The demands on results of NDT inspections are increasing continually. The determination of discontinuity dimensions is expected as an output at present time, not only the dimensions of indication or other imaginary values. So some people rename the defectoscopy to defectometry. Examples of less known ways of discontinuity dimensions determination and interesting combinations of different methodological approaches to this issue in the new Russian regulation NP-084-15 are the main contents of this paper

Impedance analysis of transmission line cells for EMC applications using Agros2D

International audienc