Evaluation of the Anticancer Activity of Various Extracts of Evolvulus Alsinoides Linn Using Lung Cancer Cell Line(A549) by Invitro Methods.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: The present study to identify the Phytochemical constituents present in Ethyl acetate, Ethanol and Petroleum ether extract of Evolvulus alsinoides. To evaluate the cytotoxic activity of Ethyl acetate, Ethanol and Petroleum ether extract of Evolvulus alsinoides in human lung cancerous cell line A549 and to establish IC5O concentration. To evaluate the Apoptotic effect of effective extract of Evolvulus alsinoides . To evaluate the Protein levels in the effective extract of Evolvulus alsinoides treated cancerous cell line. To evaluate the Gene expression levels in the effective extract of Evolvulus alsinoides treated cancerous cell line. Cancer is considered as a serious health problem worldwide. Lung cancer remains a major global health problem and leading cause of cancer mortalities in most of the countries in the world with approximately 1.3 million new cases and 300000 deaths each year estimated by World Health Organisation. Lung cancer has been classified into two groups namely small cell and non small cell lung cancer, with the latter being more prevalent accounting for nearly 80% of lung cancer cases.Cancer is considered as a serious health problem worldwide. Lung cancer remains a major global health problem and leading cause of cancer mortalities in most of the countries in the world with approximately 1.3 million new cases and 300000 deaths each year estimated by World Health Organisation. Lung cancer has been classified into two groups namely small cell and non small cell lung cancer, with the latter being more prevalent accounting for nearly 80% of lung cancer cases. With increase in mortality rates among patients suffering from cancer and with limited success being achieved in clinical therapies including radiation, chemotherapy, immune modulation and surgery in treating cancer patients, there arises a need for new way of cancer management. Natural phytochemicals derived from medicinal plants have attained a greater significance in potential management of several diseases including cancer. Several researches have been carried out in evaluation of plant extracts as prophylactic agents which offer greater potential to inhibit carcinogenic process. The mechanism of inhibition of tumour progression by natural phytochemicals range from inhibition of genotoxic effects, increased anti inflammatory and anti oxidant effect, inhibition of cell proliferation, protection of intracellular communications to modulate apoptosis and signal transduction pathways. Discovery of effective herbs and elucidation of their underlying mechanisms could lead to development of an alternative and complimentary method for cancer prevention and treatment. Medicinal plants constitute a common alternative for cancer prevention and treatment in many countries around world. Currently more than 3000 plants around world have been reported to possess anti cancer properties. Screening of different plant components in search of anti cancer drugs is one of the main research activities throughout the world. Vinca alkaloids and cytotoxic podophyllotoxins were discovered in the 1950’s as first anticancer agents from plants. In addition to several plants extracted compounds such as camptothecin, vincristine, vinblastine, taxol and podophyllotoxin , many of the natural compounds were structurally modified to result in stronger anti cancer analogues with less adverse effects. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of Phytochemical analysis of ethyl acetate, ethanol and petroleum ether extracts of Evolvulus alsinoides revealed the presence of proteins, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, phenols and flavanoids. In this present study, Ethyl acetate extract of Evolvulus alsinoides was found to possess potent cytotoxic activity in human lung cancerous cell line A549 and was compared with standard drug 5 Fluorouracil. The Apoptotic effect was confirmed in treated cells by appearance of loss of membrane integrity, leakage of cytoplasmic contents and fragmentation of DNA in treated cells. Its anti cancer effect was further confirmed by reduced levels of proteins Phospho histidine phosphatase and C Reactive Protein in ethyl acetate extract of Evolvulus alsinoides treated cells, whose elevated levels are said to possess a risk in cancer development. Its apoptotic and anti cancer effect may be due to up regulation of genes like p53 and TNF α and down regulation of genes like Bcl-2 and IL-6, which was confirmed by RT-PCR. These results show that ethyl acetate extract of Evolvulus alsinoides possess anti cancer effect and for future perspective, it can be further confirmed by isolating the compounds responsible for the activity and studying the exact mechanism by which the plant possess this activity and confirm the results using in vivo animal models

Bezpapírové řízení výrobních zakázek

The master thesis deals with the analysis of existing paper document using in the selected company and how are they creating the production order document. The introduction deals with the importance of production order creation in the general industry and production steps in the selected company and the general goal of the thesis. The theoretical part contains basic concepts and characteristics of the general problems. Based on creating a paperless production order document an industrial uses technology is going to use optimize, to select the best choice using the method multi criteria decision making and improve the company environment.Diplomová práce se zabývá analýzou stávajícího používání papírových dokumentů ve vybrané společnosti a způsobem tvorby dokumentu výrobního příkazu. V úvodu se zabývá významem tvorby výrobního příkazu obecně v průmyslu a výrobními kroky ve vybrané společnosti a obecným cílem práce. Teoretická část obsahuje základní pojmy a charakteristiku obecné problematiky. Na základě vytvoření bezpapírového dokumentu výrobního příkazu se v průmyslu používá technologie optimalizace, která umožní vybrat nejlepší volbu pomocí metody vícekriteriálního rozhodování a zlepšit prostředí společnosti.345 - Katedra mechanické technologievýborn

Additively Manufactured Stress-strain Dependant Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Pressure Sensor Applications

A novel additive-manufactured antenna for stretchable sensor application is designed, simulated and measured. The fully transparent antenna has air as a substrate and a conductive aluminium metal sheet as a patch. The layers are defined with thin Thermo Poly Urethane (TPU) material, as its flexible/stretchable property doesn't disturb the actual property of air. The air substrate is locked within the flexible TPU with a thickness of 200 microns, and the conducting patch is also dimensioned with the 3D printing method. The stretchable antenna is fabricated with 3D printing technology, considered a dielectric medium, and the conducting medium is a conducting aluminium sheet. Re-configurability is achieved with the pressure level applied over the air–substrate antenna. Hence, the minimal change in shape changes the dielectric constant, thus changing the antenna parameter and radiation pattern. The antenna achieves improved size and performance with a gain of 7.2 dB, a directivity of 7.574 dB, a radiation efficiency of 95.67 %, and a 12:509 front-to-back ratio. The fabricated antenna is tested for its resonant characteristics and radiation properties. This reconfigurable antenna can be used for various applications, including Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) communication

ERIC-PCR: A Molecular Typing Tool for Genotyping Multi Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from the Pus Samples

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a typical and major human pathogen, it causes numerous risky opportunistic infections like cystic fibrosis, wound infection, urinary tract infection, ear infections, endocarditis, nosocomial infections and bacteremia, etc. Furthermore, due to their phenotypic variations; identification maybe sometimes harder and consequently which delays their early diagnosis and treatment in infected patients.  Hence, a quick and accurate method for the identification of P. aeruginosa would be more helpful in their early diagnosis. The present work was aimed to use species-specific primer for the rapid and precise identification of P. aeruginosa strains. Multiple drug-resistant strains were selected and their genetic variability was studied using ERIC-PCR. The results showed that out of ten P. aeruginosa isolates, eight were found to be unique and genetically diverse. Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ERIC-PCR, MDR. Wound infection, Pus sample

IIT Hyderabad team develops low power chips for Artificial Intelligence devices

Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad researchers have developed low power chips that can be used in Artificial Intelligence-powered devices. They have developed magnetic quantum-dot cellular automata (MQCA) based nanomagnetic logic architectural design methodology of approximate arithmetic circuit

IIT-H develops low power chip for AI-enabled devices

With the advent of artificial intelligence devices in day to day life, researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad (IIT-H) have developed low power chips that can perform high level computation with constraint power consumption

miR-27b*, an Oxidative Stress-Responsive microRNA Modulates Nuclear Factor-kB Pathway in RAW 264.7 Cells

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in macrophages is critical for microbial killing, but they also take part in inflammation and antigen presentation functions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous regulators of gene expression, and they can control immune responses. To dissect the complex nature of ROS-mediated effects in macrophages, we sought to characterize miRNAs that are responsive to oxidative stress-induced with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the mouse macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7. We have identified a set of unique miRNAs that are differentially expressed in response to H2O2. These include miR-27a*, miR-27b*, miR-29b*, miR-24-2*, and miR21*, all of which were downregulated except for miR-21*. By using luciferase reporter vector containing nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) response elements, we demonstrate that overexpression of miR-27b* suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of NF-kB in RAW 264.7 cells. Our data suggest that macrophage functions can be regulated by oxidative stress-responsive miRNAs by modulating the NF-kB pathway

The potential of urinary metabolites for diagnosing multiple sclerosis

A definitive diagnostic test for multiple sclerosis (MS) does not exist; instead physicians use a combination of medical history, magnetic resonance imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis (CSF). Significant effort has been employed to identify biomarkers from CSF to facilitate MS diagnosis; however none of the proposed biomarkers have been successful to date. Urine is a proven source of metabolite biomarkers and has the potential to be a rapid, non-invasive, inexpensive, and efficient diagnostic tool for various human diseases. Nevertheless, urinary metabolites have not been extensively explored as a source of biomarkers for MS. Instead, we demonstrate that urinary metabolites have significant promise for monitoring disease-progression, and response to treatment in MS patients. NMR analysis of urine permitted the identification of metabolites that differentiate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)-mice (prototypic disease model for MS) from healthy and MS drug-treated EAE mice

Aerosolized adenovirus-vectored vaccine as an alternative vaccine delivery method

Conventional parenteral injection of vaccines is limited in its ability to induce locally-produced immune responses in the respiratory tract, and has logistical disadvantages in widespread vaccine administration. Recent studies suggest that intranasal delivery or vaccination in the respiratory tract with recombinant viral vectors can enhance immunogenicity and protection against respiratory diseases such as influenza and tuberculosis, and can offer more broad-based generalized protection by eliciting durable mucosal immune responses. Controlled aerosolization is a method to minimize vaccine particle size and ensure delivery to the lower respiratory tract. Here, we characterize the dynamics of aerosolization and show the effects of vaccine concentration on particle size, vector viability, and the actual delivered dose of an aerosolized adenoviral vector. In addition, we demonstrate that aerosol delivery of a recombinant adenoviral vaccine encoding H1N1 hemagglutinin is immunogenic and protects ferrets against homologous viral challenge. Overall, aerosol delivery offers comparable protection to intramuscular injection, and represents an attractive vaccine delivery method for broad-based immunization campaigns

Temperature and Size Effect on the Electrical Properties of Monolayer Graphene based Interconnects for Next Generation MQCA based Nanoelectronics

Graphene interconnects have been projected to out-perform Copper interconnects in the next generation Magnetic Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (MQCA) based nano-electronic applications. In this paper a simple two-step lithography process for patterning CVD monolayer graphene on SiO2/Si substrate has been used that resulted in the current density of one order higher magnitude as compared to the state-of-the-art graphene-based interconnects. Electrical performances of the fabricated graphene interconnects were evaluated, and the impact of temperature and size on the current density and reliability was investigated. The maximum current density of 1.18 x 108 A/cm2 was observed for 0.3 μm graphene interconnect on SiO2/Si substrate, which is about two orders and one order higher than that of conventionally used copper interconnects and CVD grown graphene respectively, thus demonstrating huge potential in outperforming copper wires for on-chip clocking. The drop in current at 473 K as compared to room temperature was found to be nearly 30%, indicating a positive temperature coefficient of resistivity (TCR). TCR for all cases were studied and it was found that with decrease in width, the sensitivity of temperature also reduces. The effect of resistivity on the breakdown current density was analysed on the experimental data using Matlab and found to follow the power-law equations. The breakdown current density was found to have a reciprocal relationship to graphene interconnect resistivity suggesting Joule heating as the likely mechanism of breakdown