64,827 research outputs found
Device for quickly sensing the amount of O2 in a combustion product gas
A sensing device comprising an O2 sensor, a pump, a compressor, and a heater is provided to quickly sense the amount of O2 in a combustion product gas. A sample of the combustion product gas is compressed to a pressure slightly above one atmosphere by the compressor. Next, the heater heats the sample between 800 C and 900 C. Next, the pump causes the sample to be flushed against the electrode located in O2 sensor 6000 to 10,000 times per second. Reference air at approximately one atmosphere is provided to the electrode of O2 sensor. Accordingly, the O2 sensor produces a voltage which is proportional to the amount of oxygen in the combustion product gas. This voltage may be used to control the amount of O2 entering into the combustion chamber which produces the combustion product gas
High bat (Chiroptera) diversity in the Early Eocene of India
The geographic origin of bats is still unknown, and fossils of earliest bats are rare and poorly diversified, with, maybe, the exception of Europe. The earliest bats are recorded from the Early Eocene of North America, Europe, North Africa and Australia where they seem to appear suddenly and simultaneously. Until now, the oldest record in Asia was from the Middle Eocene. In this paper, we report the discovery of the oldest bat fauna of Asia dating from the Early Eocene of the Cambay Formation at Vastan Lignite Mine in Western India. The fossil taxa are described on the basis of well-preserved fragments of dentaries and lower teeth. The fauna is highly diversified and is represented by seven species belonging to seven genera and at least four families. Two genera and five species are new. Three species exhibit very primitive dental characters, whereas four others indicate more advanced states. Unexpectedly, this fauna presents strong affinities with the European faunas from the French Paris Basin and the German Messel locality. This could result from the limited fossil record of bats in Asia, but could also suggest new palaeobiogeographic scenarios involving the relative position of India during the Early Eocene
Analytic derivation of the map of null rays passing near a naked singularity
Recently the energy emission from a naked singularity forming in spherical
dust collapse has been investigated. This radiation is due to the particle
creation in a curved spacetime. In this discussion, the central role is played
by the mapping formula between the incoming and the outgoing null coordinates.
For the self-similar model, this mapping formula has been derived analytically.
But for the model with density profile, the mapping formula has
been obtained only numerically. In the present paper, we argue that the
singular nature of the mapping is determined by the local geometry around the
point at which the singularity is first formed. If this is the case, it would
be natural to expect that the mapping formula can be derived analytically. In
the present paper, we analytically rederive the same mapping formula for the
model with density profile that has been earlier derived using a
numerical technique.Comment: 4 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Constraints on Dark Photon from Neutrino-Electron Scattering Experiments
A possible manifestation of an additional light gauge boson , named
as Dark Photon, associated with a group is studied in neutrino
electron scattering experiments. The exclusion plot on the coupling constant
and the dark photon mass is obtained. It is shown
that contributions of interference term between the dark photon and the
Standard Model are important. The interference effects are studied and compared
with for data sets from TEXONO, GEMMA, BOREXINO, LSND as well as CHARM II
experiments. Our results provide more stringent bounds to some regions of
parameter space.Comment: 22 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, text improved, fig.6 updated,
references adde
Investigation of the effects of short chain processing additives on polymers
The effects of low level concentrations of several short chain processing additives on the properties of the 4,4'-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy) diphenylsulfide dianhydride (BDSDA)/4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether (ODA)/1,3'-diaminobenzene (m-phenylene diamine) (MPA) (422) copolyimide were investigated. It was noted that 5 percent MPD/phthalic anhydride (PA) is more effective than 5 percent ODA/PA and BDSDA/aniline (AN) in strengthening the host material. However, the introduction of 10 percent BDSDA/AN produces disproportionately high effects on free volume and free electron density in the host copolyimide
An investigation of chemically-induced improvement in saturation moisture characteristics of epoxies
MY-720/DDS epoxy samples were treated with three selected chemical compounds to render the active H-sites inactive for moisture absorption. Treating the epoxy castings with acetyl chloride and dichlorodimethyl silane leads only to surface changes indicating that these molecules are too large to penetrate the epoxy castings. Boron trifluoride, on the other hand, does penetrate the epoxy chain as is indicated by the formation of green domains in the interior of the castings. However, the process of saturating the specimens with moisture appears to leach out the chemical additives--thereby nullifying their possible ameliorative effects
Proposed fast-response oxygen monitoring and control system for the Langley 8-foot high-temperature tunnel
A fast-response oxygen monitoring and control system, based on a Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 sensor, was developed and tested in the laboratory. The system is capable of maintaining oxygen concentration in the CH4-O2-air combustion product gases at 20.9 + or - 1.0 percent. If the oxygen concentration in the exhaust stream differs from that in normal air by 25 percent or more, an alarm signal is provided for automatic tunnel shutdown. The overall prototype system response time was reduced from about 1 sec in the original configuration to about 0.2 sec. The basis of operation and the results of laboratory tests of the system are described
Axial and pseudoscalar current correlators and their couplings to eta and etaprime mesons
Correlators of singlet and octet axial currents, as well as anomaly and
pseudoscalar densities have been studied using QCD sum rules. Several of these
sum rules are used to determine the couplings f^8_eta, f^0_eta, f^8_etaprime
and f^0_etaprime. We find mutually consistent values which are also in
agreement with phenomenological values obtained from data on various decay and
production rates. While most of the sum rules studied by us are independent of
the contributions of direct instantons and screening correction, the
singlet-singlet current correlator and the anomaly-anomaly correlator improve
by their inclusion.Comment: 31 pages, 11 figure
Breakdown of Angular Momentum Selection Rules in High Pressure Optical Pumping Experiments
We present measurements, using two complementary methods, of the breakdown of
atomic angular momentum selection rules in He-broadened Rb vapor. Atomic dark
states are rendered weakly absorbing due to fine-structure mixing during Rb-He
collisions. The effect substantially increases the photon demand for optical
pumping of dense vapors
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