59,364 research outputs found
Reviewing the Carbonation Resistance of Concrete
The paper reviews the studies on one of the important durability properties of concrete i.e. Carbonation. One of the main causes of deterioration of concrete is carbonation, which occurs when carbon dioxide (CO2) penetrates the concrete’s porous system to create an environment with lower pH around the reinforcement in which corrosion can proceed. Carbonation is a major cause of degradation of concrete structures leading to expensive maintenance and conservation operations. Herein, the importance, process and effect of various parameters such as water/cement ratio, water/binder ratio, curing conditions, concrete cover, super plasticizers, type of aggregates, grade of concrete, porosity, contaminants, compaction, gas permeability, supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs)/ admixtures on the carbonation of concrete has been reviewed. Various methods for estimating the carbonation depth are also reported briefl
Evaluating the Carbonation Resistance of Self Compacting Concrete made with Recycled Concrete Aggregates
The paper presents the results of an investigation conducted to examine carbonation resistance of Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) made with coarse Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCA). In total, five SCC mixes were prepared by systematically replacing coarse Natural Aggregates (NA) by RCA at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. In order to measure the carbonation resistance of SCC made with RCA, accelerated carbonation tests were performed for 4 and 12 weeks of exposure to carbon dioxide. The carbonation resistance has been evaluated after curing periods of 28 and 90 days. In addition to this, the compressive strength of all the mixes was also obtained after 7, 28 and 90 days of curing and ultra-sonic pulse velocity tests (UPV) were also conducted. The results indicate that with the increase in the content of RCA as replacement of NA, decrease in the carbonation resistance, compressive strength and UPV was observed for all SCC mixes. It has been observed that the SCC mixes containing low percentages of RCA (i.e. 25%) as replacement of NA do not impart detrimental behaviour in the overall performance but higher replacement levels (50%) have been found to deteriorate the performance in terms of carbonation resistance, compressive strength and UPV
Reviewing the Carbonation Resistance of Concrete
The paper reviews the studies on one of the important durability properties of concrete i.e. Carbonation. One of the main causes of deterioration of concrete is carbonation, which occurs when carbon dioxide (CO2) penetrates the concrete’s porous system to create an environment with lower pH around the reinforcement in which corrosion can proceed. Carbonation is a major cause of degradation of concrete structures leading to expensive maintenance and conservation operations. Herein, the importance, process and effect of various parameters such as water/cement ratio, water/binder ratio, curing conditions, concrete cover, super plasticizers, type of aggregates, grade of concrete, porosity, contaminants, compaction, gas permeability, supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs)/ admixtures on the carbonation of concrete has been reviewed. Various methods for estimating the carbonation depth are also reported briefl
The generalized gradient approximation kernel in time-dependent density functional theory
A complete understanding of a material requires both knowledge of the excited
states as well as of the ground state. In particular, the low energy
excitations are of utmost importance while studying the electronic, magnetic,
dynamical, and thermodynamical properties of the material. Time-Dependent
Density Functional Theory (TDDFT), within the linear regime, is a successful
\textit{ab-initio} method to access the electronic charge and spin excitations.
However, it requires an approximation to the exchange-correlation (XC) kernel
which encapsulates the effect of electron-electron interactions in the
many-body system. In this work we derive and implement the spin-polarized XC
kernel for semi-local approximations such as the adiabatic Generalized Gradient
Approximation (AGGA). This kernel has a quadratic dependence on the wavevector,
{\bf q}, of the perturbation, however the impact of this on the electron energy
loss spectra (EELS) is small. Although the GGA functional is good in predicting
structural properties, it generality overestimates the exchange spin-splitting.
This leads to higher magnon energies, as compared to both ALDA and experiment.
In addition, interaction with the Stoner spin-flip continuum is enhanced by
AGGA, which strongly suppresses the intensity of spin-waves.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figure
Generalized Electromagnetic fields in Chiral Medium
The time dependent Dirac-Maxwell's Equations in presence of electric and
magnetic sources are written in chiral media and the solutions for the
classical problem are obtained in unique simple and consistent manner. The
quaternion reformulation of generalized electromagnetic fields in chiral media
has also been developed in compact, simple and consistent manner
Kinetics & Mechanism of Alkaline Ferricyanide Oxidation of 2-Methylpentane-2,4-diol & Pentane-1,5-diol
517-51
Kinetics & Mechanism of Oxidation of Propane-1,2-diol & Butane-2,3-diol by Hexacyanoferrate(III) in Aqueous Alkaline Medium
111-11
Magnetization and Magneto-resistance in Y(Ba1-xSrx)2Cu3O7-{\delta} (x = 0.00 - 0.50) superconductor
Here we present the magnetic properties and upper critical field (BC2) of
polycrystalline Y(Ba1-xSrx)2Cu3O7-{\delta} superconductors, which are being
determined through detailed ac/dc susceptibility and resistivity under magnetic
field (RTH) study. All the samples are synthesized through solid state reaction
route. Reduction in Meissner fraction (the ratio of field cooled to zero field
cooled magnetization) is observed with increasing Sr content, suggesting
occurrence of flux pining in the doped samples. The ac susceptibility and
resistivity measurements reveal improved grain couplings in Sr substituted
samples. Consequently the inter-grain critical current density (Jc), upturn
curvature near the Tc in temperature dependence of upper critical field
[BC2(T)], and BC2 are enhanced. Both Jc and BC2 increase in lower Sr
substitution (up to x = 0.10) samples followed by decrease in higher doping due
to degradation in effective pining and grain coupling.Comment: 17 pages text + Figs, [email protected]
Unexplored photoluminescence from bulk and mechanically exfoliated few layers of Bi2Te3
We report the exotic photoluminescence (PL) behaviour of 3D topological
insulator Bi2Te3 single crystals grown by customized self-flux method and
mechanically exfoliated few layers (18 plus minus 2 nm)/thin flakes obtained by
standard scotch tape method from as grown Bi2Te3 crystals.The experimental PL
studies on bulk single crystal and mechanically exfoliated few layers of Bi2Te3
evidenced a broad red emission in the visible region. These findings are in
good agreement with our theoretical results obtained using the ab initio
density functional theory framework.Comment: Main MS (17 Pages text including 4 Figs): Suppl. info. (4 pages);
Accepted Scientific Report
- …