Regional Input Output Table for the State of Punjab

Because of policy relevance of regional input-output analysis, a vast literature on the construction of regional input-output tables has emerged in the recent past, especially on the non-survey and hybrid methods. Although, construction of regional input-output tables is not new in India, but generation of input-output table using non-survey methods is relatively a rare phenomenon. This work validates alternative non-survey, location quotient methodologies and finally uses comparatively better approach to generate the forty two sector regional input-output table for the state of Punjab for 2006-07.Regional, Input-Output, Location Quotients

Changing Character of Rural Economy and Migrant Labour in Punjab

Rural economy of Punjab has been undergoing structural transformation. But the dependence of rural population in general and rural labour in particular for earning livelihood from the rural economy continues. This process of rural transformation has perpetuated the distress among the rural workforce. It is strange phenomenon that migrant labour continues to pour into the rural areas. The rural economy of Punjab, due to wage gap, continues to attract huge amount of inflow of people from other poorer states of India. Rural-rural migration, which is largely seasonal and stay of workers in most cases, is less than six months. Therefore, the official statistics on migration grossly under record the rural-rural migration. Attempt has been made in this paper to fill this gap. Despite the fact that rural real wage rate has declined between the period 1990 and 2000, however, rural-rural migration has increased during the same period. The majority of the migrants (more than 90 per cent) are able to find work in agriculture up to 50 days in a year. It has wide ranging implications for the rural-rural migration and level of living of the families of the migrants.Rural-rural migration, Punjab, Rural economy, migrant labour

The Effects of MAPCVD-Diamond Coating on the Phase Stability and Microstructure of Zirconia (Y-TZP) Cutting Tool Inserts

Yttria-tetragonal zirconia ceramics (Y-TZP) ceramics is considered as one of the most promising material for cutting tool applications due to its unique combination of chemical, physical and mechanical properties. Although Y-TZP ceramics is tough and strong, tool bits need to be simultaneously hard, tough and wear resistant. However, high hardness is usually associated with brittleness. Hence, there always has to be a compromise between the desired hardness and the necessary toughness. In the present work, the effect of coating a thin film of diamond on the surface of Y-TZP inserts by employing Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapour Deposition (MAPCVD) technique was studied. The Y-TZP inserts were prepared and sintered to full density at 1400·C prior to MAPCVD process. Selected sintered inserts were surface-ground using a coarse and fine SiC paper while another was polished to 1 I'm finish prior to MAPCVD treatment. It has been found that nucleation of CVD diamond particles only occurred on Y-TZP surface polished to 1 IJITl finish. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis performed on other Y-TZP inserts did not revealed any strong peaks corresponding to crystaI line diamond phase and these were confirmed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). However, chemical reaction between Zr and carbon from the reducing atmosphere in the chamber did occur in all of the treated inserts to form a new phase, ZrC. Although diamond nucleation was not observed in both the pre-ground and CVD treated surfaces, SEM examination of these so treated surfaces revealed fine-grained structure believed to have recrystal lised from the severely damaged ground surface

Improving Data Access Performance Using Coherence Caching in SOA and ADF Application

In the Current software applications design, there are multiple calls made to the Data base from various applications like ADF, SOA etc. These data base calls make resources busy between applications and data base. Frequently data base call makes system/Applications slow. So now a days we are dealing with large applications with loads of read and write operations and every call made to the data base will cost more from the performance perspective. As a workaround, We will provide solutions cache, a cache is a component that transparently stores data so that future request for that data can be served faster. Oracle Coherence is a caching strategy so by cache will increase the performance of data fetching and End User will get fast response to his query. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150519

Novel TiO2 Photocatalyst Using Nonaqueous Solvent- Controlled Sol-Gel Route

Synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles with tailored properties is of great interest because of their potential in environmental, sensor, biomedical and energy applications. Specifically, TiO2 gets special attention because of its high stability, biocompatibility, tunable band gap and surface properties. Aqueous sol-gel routes for the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles are well established but suffer from little control over morphology and reproducibility. Nonaqueous solvent controlled sol-gel routes are good alternative to aqueous routes for the synthesis of highly crystalline TiO2 nanoparticles with high purity and controlled doping of large size metallic ions. Present chapter describes the successful doping of large sized Zr and Na metal ions at Ti site and their influence on photo catalytic activity of TiO2. The higher photo catalytic activity (even better than commercially available Degussa P25) of metal doped TiO2 nanopowder is attributed to large surface area and reduced electron-hole recombination rate

An Experimental Approach to Study the Effect of Welding Parameters on Similar Friction Stir Welded Joints of AZ31B-O Mg Alloy

AbstractIn this investigation an attempt has been made to study the effect of friction stir welding parameters on mechanical and metallurgical properties of AZ31B-O Mg alloy joints. The selected material was welded using combination of different parameters i.e. tool rotational speed, welding speed and tool shoulder diameter. The effect of weld pitch i.e. ratio of welding speed to tool rotational speed (0.0020mm/rev to 0.05mm/rev) was examined on the mechanical and micro structural properties of friction stir welded joints of AZ31B-O Mg alloy. The linear relationship between tensile strength and weld pitch was observed. The maximum value of tensile strength i.e. 187.8N/mm2 was obtained at weld pitch of 0.05mm/rev using 20mm tool shoulder diameter. Most of the tensile test specimens fractured in the area between Stir Zone (SZ) and Thermo Mechanical Affected Zone (TMAZ) towards the advancing side. The fine and equiaxed grains were observed due to dynamic recrystallization at higher value of weld pitch

Cappucino: An Extensible Planning Tool for Constraint-based ATM Network Design

Cappuccino is a planning tool for topological design of ATM networks. It uses a novel constraint-based approach to ATM network design. Extensibility of the tool is a basic design goal and the tool provides an open interface to incorporate new algorithms

Improving Hierarchy LEVEL Access Performance Using Recursion Function

In the Current Data base sql query for fetching Hierarchical data like supervisor hierarchy or organization hierarchy etc standard connect by prior command used for fetching data so connect by prior command take longer time for fetching the hierarchical data level for supervisor hierarchy or organization hierarchy etc. As a workaround, we will provide solutions for fast access for hierarchical data level for supervisor hierarchy or organization hierarchy etc by using recursive function in sql statement DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15063

Optimizing the OSPF Data Base

OSPF routing protocol major problem are large size Per Area and OSPF maintain multiple copies of routing information’s. Lower convergence time ie slower Processing, Band width is wasted, increase of memory needed due to OSPF large data base Per Area. We will provide solutions for large data base problem that will increase the OSPF performance, reduce the size of routing table, and reduce the memory size, reduce hardware cost. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150520

Ecological Fallout of Development in a Green Revolution Region The Case of Punjab

Economic development is a complex process. As an economy moves from lowerto higher stages of development, there occurs a shift from simpler to more modern andcomplicated techniques of production on one hand and ecological fallouts on the other.International evidence is indicative of the fact that agriculture centered development ofa region generates the much needed food security but at the same time raises thealarming ecological signals. The review of literature on the topic is indicative of the factthat worldwide the ground water quantity and the quality is the first victim of theagricultural revolution and next are the health and the existence of species.Indiscriminate use of chemicals and pesticides in agriculture has created serious healthand environmental problems in many developing countries.Punjab, the northern state of Indian Union, followed the agriculture-centricmodel of development. Growth of agriculture output in Punjab has lead to higher percapitaincome and better standards of living. Ecological fallouts have started croppingup. The paper is an attempt to analyze the ecological fallout of the development modelfollowed by the state. Based on secondary data, it covers the period of last 40 years ofeconomic development. The spatial and temporal dynamics of this ecological crisis ofeconomic development has been analyzed in the time domain of its past, present andfuture.Broad conclusions are as follows. Falling water table and groundwater overdrafthas become a serious problem in the Malwa region of the state. Punjab is the topperstate in consumption of chemical fertilizers and pesticides per hectare. Presently thePunjab, with only 1.57 percent of the geographical area is consuming 15 percent of thepesticides and more than 8 percent of chemical fertilizers of India. The health ailmentsare alarmingly on the rise and are closely identified with indiscriminate chemical use inagriculture. Temporal analysis of the system shows that the repercussions have startedto show up in the form of depleted ground water, wide spread salinity, deterioratingwater quality and specific kind of disease pattern in human beings. The higher income levels coupled with lack of knowledge are acting as catalysts in this deteriorationprocess.On the policy plane, if the region has to continue as food grain capital of India,modern agricultural practices will have to take into account the reality of the watersituation and create a feasible long run plan for a sustainable future. There is a need todevelop a strategy to: (a) maintain an optimum ground water balance; (b) regulate thechemical use; and (c) address the health issues. The conclusions and action orientedpolicy implications of this work will be useful for the economic planners and policymakers.Key words: Development, Ecological Fallout, Agricultur