Congenital lower lip pits : Van der Woude syndrome

The Van der Woude syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant development malformation characterized by a paramedian lip pits and /or sinuses or conical elevation of lower lip associated with cleft lip and or palate. These congenital lip pits usually appear clinically in the vermilion border of lip, with or without secretion. The critical region of VWS has been identified to be at Iq32 to 41 with high, but incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. Therapeutic intervention is generally required for cosmetic reason or when recurrent inflammation is present. Dental surgeon should be aware of this syndrome, as it is associated with variety of other congenital malformation. van der woude syndrome can be easily missed if it is not in the back of mind and its associated congenital malformation if present. We report a case of lower lip pits with bilateral cleft lip

Flow problems in micropolar fluids.

Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis1974 .G95. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 62-13, Section: A. Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1974

Design and Implementation of Virtual Client Honeypot

Abstract-Computers security has become a major issue in many organization. There are different solutions to response to this needs but they remain insufficient to truly secure network. Honeypot is used in the area of computer and Internet Security. It is resource which is intended to be attacked and comprised to gain more information about the attacker and their attack techniques. Compared to an intrusion detection system, Honeypots have the big advantage that they do not generate false alerts as all traffic is suspicious, because no productive components are running on the system. Client Honeypot is a honeypot actively searches for malicious sites on the web. In this paper, we design and implement virtual Client Honeypot to collect the internet malwares

Crushing and energy absorption properties of additively manufactured concave thin-walled tubes

© 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2022.100424Developing an innovative protective structure with excellent energy absorption performance is a continuous research effort. The emerging additive manufacturing techniques allow fabricating structures with complex geometrical shapes which have the potential to yield unprecedented energy absorption properties. Accordingly, in this paper, the crush and energy absorption behaviour of new designs, namely Concave Tubes (CTs) featuring inwardly curved sidewalls, is assessed experimentally and compared to that of Standard tubes (STs) featuring straight sidewalls. Tubes with different geometrical configurations, including concave circular (CC), concave square (CS), standard circular (SC), and standard square (SS), are fabricated using the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) process from AlSi10Mg aluminium powder and then crushed axially under quasi-static loading. It was found that the tubes have fractured and developed a splitting deformation mode, instead of progressive buckling, during the axial crushing resulting in relatively low energy absorption performance. The experimental results revealed superior energy absorption performance for the CTs over the STs. A Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) technique known as Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) is used to identify the best design. The COPRAS results show that the CC design is the best energy absorbing tube outperforming all other configurations presented in this paper.Accepted versio

Cellular interaction of folic acid conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and its use as contrast agent for targeted magnetic imaging of tumor cells

The purpose of the study was to develop tumor specific, water dispersible superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and evaluate their efficacy as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We have developed SPIONs capped with citric acid/2-bromo-2-methylpropionic acid which are compact, water dispersible, biocompatible having narrow range of size dispersity (8–10 nm), and relatively high T2 relaxivity (R2 = 222L · mmol−1 · sec−l). The targeting efficacy of unconjugated and folic acid-conjugated SPIONs (FA-SPIONS) was evaluated in a folic acid receptor overexpressing and negative tumor cell lines. Folic acid receptor-positive cells incubated with FA-SPIONs showed much higher intracellular iron content without any cytotoxicity. Ultrastructurally, SPIONs were seen as clustered inside the various stages of endocytic pathways without damaging cellular organelles and possible mechanism for their entry is via receptor mediated endocytosis. In vitro MRI studies on tumor cells showed better T2-weighted images in FA-SPIONs. These findings indicate that FA-SPIONs possess high colloidal stability with excellent sensitivity of imaging and can be a useful MRI contrast agent for the detection of cancer

Phosphorus leaching losses from an irrigated free-draining soil under dairying

Recent expansion of dairy farming in New Zealand and the associated increases in phosphorus (P) inputs may have a significant impact on P loss by leaching from free-draining grassland soils under irrigation. This in turn has important implications for the long-term sustainability of dairy farming. The major objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of continued P and nitrogen (N) inputs in the form of farm dairy effluent (FDE) and mineral fertilizer on the amounts, forms and mechanisms of P loss by leaching. This study was carried out on a Lismore stony silt loam soil (Orthic Brown Soil) and involved detailed analyses of P in leachate from 32 soil monolith lysimeters (70 cm depth by 50 cm diameter) over a two year period. The monolith lysimeters were flood irrigated at 100 mm every three weeks during summer. Annual P accumulation in the soil was higher for the treatments receiving FDE plus P fertilizer compared with P fertilizer alone, with the latter showing a negative P balance. Although the amounts of total P applied over the two year period were similar for the FDE and P fertilizer treatments (ca. 180 kg P ha⁻¹), significantly higher P losses occurred from the FDE treatment (1.4-2.5 kg ha⁻¹ y⁻¹) compared with the P fertilizer treatment (0.6-1.3 kg ha⁻¹ y⁻¹). However, these losses of P were found to be equivalent to less than 3 % of the total P applied. The application of P fertilizer at a high rate (90 kg P ha⁻¹ y⁻¹) did not significantly increase P concentrations in leachate compared with the lower P fertilizer treatment (45 kg P ha⁻¹ y⁻¹), which in turn reflects the capacity of the Lismore soil profile to adsorb soluble inorganic P. Phosphorus losses were higher from the treatments amended with both P and N fertilizer than P fertilizer alone during the second year of trial. This is possibly due to the stimulation of microbial activity that resulted in greater mineralization of organic P and increased inorganic P in soil solution. Of the TP losses that occurred during 51 drainage events over two years from the FDE treatments, 44-61 % (1.9-2.6 kg ha⁻¹) was lost from 8 leaching events that occurred within 24 hours following FDE application. Concentrations of TP determined in leachate were commonly 100 - 400 µg L⁻¹, although TP concentrations immediately following FDE application were often much higher (>2500 µg L⁻¹ ). This was mainly attributed to preferential flow that resulted in transfer of unreactive P from the upper soil profile. Therefore, short-term strategies for reducing P loss must aim to increase the residence time of P within the soil such as more frequent application of smaller amounts of FDE. This will facilitate greater interaction of applied FDE with the soil matrix thereby improving plant utilization of inorganic P, allowing greater mineralization of added organic P, and increased retention of P. Results also indicated that a change from flood to spray irrigation may be effective in reducing short-term P loss. Examination of the seasonal pattern of P forms in the leachate indicated that total particulate P (TPP) was the dominant form in the leachate (77 % of TP) compared with total dissolved P (TDP) (23 % of TP) during irrigation. This was attributed to greater preferential flow during the irrigation season, which increased physical dislocation of particulate P. During the non-irrigation seasons, the proportions of TPP (51 % of TP) and TDP (49 % of TP) were similar. Physicochemical fractionation of P showed that unreactive forms of P (particulate unreactive P (PUP)- 58 %; and dissolved unreactive P (DUP)- 29 %) were the dominant forms present in leachate compared with reactive P (particulate reactive P (PRP) - 8 %; and dissolved reactive P (DRP) - 5 %). The predominance of unreactive P suggests that these forms of P are less strongly adsorbed onto soil colloids than reactive P. ³¹P NMR analysis confirmed that unreactive P in the leachate was mainly comprised of orthophosphate monoester (67 % of TP) and diester (20 % of TP) forms of organic P. The addition of specific phosphatases to leachate revealed that most of the monoester organic P was present as labile monoester P and inositol hexakisphosphate indicating their greater mobility and potential to contaminate water bodies compared with reactive P

ROLE OF GLUTATHIONE DEGRADATION PATHWAY GENES FOR GLUTATHIONE HOMEOSTASIS AND TOXIC METAL TOLERANCE IN PLANTS

The study explores plant defense against toxic metal stress, particularly focusing on glutathione (GSH) homeostasis via γ-glutamyl cycle. GSH, a potent antioxidant, plays a central role in maintaining redox balance, defense responses, and nutrient reserves in plant cells. Understanding the regulation of GSH degradation via γ-glutamyl cyclotransferases (GGCTs) and oxoprolinase (OXP1) is vital, especially under toxic metal stresses. Building upon prior research, which highlighted the role of AtGGCT2;1 in enhancing tolerance to arsenite (AsIII) toxicity in Arabidopsis, this study explores the contributions of two other GGCTs - AtGGCT1 and AtGGCT2;2, for their roles in GSH degradation and toxic metal tolerance. AtGGCT1 overexpression (OE) improves tolerance to arsenite (AsIII), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) by enhancing GSH degradation and subsequent recycling of constituent amino acids via the γ-glutamyl cycle. Whereas AtGGCT2;2 OE primarily enhances Cd tolerance. ggct1 and ggct2;2 mutants showed improved growth on vi AsIII and Cd. Further, ggct1 mutants had decreased As, Cd and Hg accumulation in shoots, but the results for roots varied. No difference was noticed in toxic metal accumulation in OE lines, but the OE lines had relatively better Glu recycling, as indicated by labeled 15N-glutamte analysis. The results from Arabidopsis were successfully translated into Camelina sativa, a biofuel crop. An AtGGCT2;1 homolog from Camelina, CsGGCT2;1, was overexpressed in Camelina and the modified plants showed strong tolerance to AsIII with 40-60% reduced As accumulation in roots and shoots. Additionally, the research investigates the role of AtOXP1 in GSH homeostasis and Glu recycling under As and Hg stress. The oxp1 T-DNA mutants exhibit lower Glu levels and susceptibility to Hg, but not to AsIII. The AtOXP1 OE enhanced tolerance to AsIII and Hg by promoting Glu recycling, lower lipid peroxidation and reduced As and Hg accumulation. AtOXP1 OE lines had better growth under low N conditions relative to WT, indicating enhanced internal Glu recycling. The findings have broad implications for future agriculture, food security, and development of metal-resilient crops for cultivation of contaminated lands. By comprehending the intricate interactions between plant genes, heavy metals, and nitrogen assimilation, this research contributes to a safer and more sustainable food production system

Disclosing Labor Demand

I study disclosure choices in job postings and the trade-off between two channels: detailed postings inform and attract optimal job applicants (i.e., a labor market channel) but could also inform competitors in labor and product markets (i.e., a proprietary costs channel). First, I provide evidence consistent with a proprietary costs channel: private firms and redacting firms are less specific in their postings, and postings are more often anonymous in industries with high levels of trade secrecy. Then, I exploit the introduction of federal trade secrecy protections (i.e., the Defend Trade Secrets Act, or DTSA) to assess the trade-off between the two channels. After the implementation of the DTSA, firms demand higher levels of skill in postings for innovative jobs, consistent with trade secrecy protections spurring innovative activities. However, job posting specificity decreases, in line with the proprietary costs channel, as trade secrecy protections are maximized when firms remain opaque regarding innovation. This decrease is attenuated for postings in tight labor markets, which is not only indicative of the importance of specificity in job postings, but also consistent with the proposed trade-off