DOCKING STUDIES ON BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF NYCTANTHES ARBOR-TRISTIS

Objective: The aim of the present study is to predict the interaction between selected ligand and different types of inflammatory and cancer target proteins.Methods: In silico study of protein-ligand interaction involves molecular docking, where the binding energy and geometry of ligands, substrates or possible drug candidates to target proteins is predicted by using computational chemistry methods. Results: A highest binding energy of-4.35 kcal/mol at 10th run was observed with C15H24O11 compound from dried stem methanolic extract on Nyctanthes arbor-tristis against 1JNX receptor protein. 4.37 kcal/mol at 10th run was observed with C21H14O4compound fromdried fruit methanolic extract against 1CX2. 2ITO lung cancer protein with ligand from dried fruit methanolic showed a highest binding energy of-6.77 kcal/mol at 10th run with different bond interactions. Among all the drugs 2ITO showed its effectiveness in binding with selected cancer target proteins.Conclusion: The results reveal in silico study support the interaction of protein-ligand that is binding and interaction of ligands from N. arbor-tristis with inflammatory and cancer targets in molecular docking studies.Keywords: Molecular Docking Studies, Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, Glycosides and Phenols, Methonolic extractsÂ

Biogenic Synthesis and Cytotoxic Effects of Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by White Rot Fungi

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were successfully synthesized using silver nitrate via the biological route using the culture filtrate of Ganoderma enigmaticum as well as Trametes ljubarskyi white rot fungi materials at room temperature. The proposed synthetic technique was applied for the first time for AgNPs preparation via the biological route through a low-cost pathway, which considered as an adequate direction of preparation compared to the commercial methods. This study reports the in vitro cytotoxic effect of biologically synthesized AgNPs in disposing of the human lung cancer cell line (A549) and human breast cancer cell (MCF-7) by using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. In addition, the viability of the tested cell lines was tested after treatment for 24 h in the presence of the prepared nanoparticles. The obtained results indicated the reduced viability of cancer cell lines with improving concentrations of AgNPs (40-120 mug/mL) at 24 h. Furthermore, at 120 mug/mL concentration, the fungal nanoparticles showed substantial cytotoxic effects toward the treated cells. Consequently, the results designated that the biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles have effective behavior for treating A549 and MCF-7 cancer cells from the laboratory experiment approach; however, additional studies are required to validate these results in vivo models as anticancer agents depending on their cytotoxic activit

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME FOLKLORE MEDICINAL PLANTS FROM SOUTH INDIA

Antibacterial activity and phytochemical tests of eight whole plant methanol extracts belonging to family Euphorbiaceae were evaluated. In agar well diffusion assay the diameter of inhibition zones ranged from 3-13 mm. Phyllanthus emblica showed maximum activity of 13 mm. The MIC and MBC observed were 30-140 mcg/ml and 40-160 mcg/ml, respectively. P. piscatorum and P. emblica showed the lowest MIC (30 mcg/ml), P. emblica the lowest MBC (40 mcg/ml) and thus an effective inhibitor of the tested bacteria. Alkaloids, saponins and tannins were detected in 7 out of 8 tested plants

Investigation of in vitro cytotoxic activity of pigment extracted from Salinicoccus sp. isolated from Nellore sea coast

Objective: To investigate the in vitro cytotoxic activity of pigment extracted from Salinicoccus sp. isolated from Nellore sea coast. Materials and Methods: In the present study, pigment-forming bacteria were isolated from samples collected from Nellore coast, Andhra Pradesh. Among different pigmented isolates obtained on Zobell agar medium, the pinkish orange bacterium was selected for the study. The bacterium was cultured in Zobell broth medium and incubated in an orbital shaker at 120 rpm for 6 days at 25°C. After incubation, the culture broth was centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 min to obtain a pellet, and the pellet was extracted using the solvent methanol and acetone (5:1). The crude pigment extract was evaluated for cytotoxic potential and was found to exhibit cytotoxic effect on A549 (human lung cancer) and MCF-7 (breast cancer) cell lines. The cell lines A549 cells, MCF-7, were cultured in Dulbecco's Modified of Eagle medium with L-glutamine and 1000 mg/L glucose supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, penicillin G (100 units/ml), and streptomycin sulphate (0.1 mg/ml) in a humidified atmosphere consisting of 5% CO2at 37°C. Results: The results of the present study revealed that the crude pigment extract has a strong anticancer potential, especially toward the A549 (Lung cancer cell lines) and MCF-7 (Breast cancer cell lines), respectively. Conclusion: This study clearly indicated that the pigment extract of marine Salinicoccus sp. has a strong cytotoxic activity against A549 (lung) and MCF-7 (breast) cancer cell lines which may be utilized for the drug development

<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-GB">Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Hemionitis arifolia </i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal; mso-ansi-language:PT-BR;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:HI; mso-bidi-font-style:italic" lang="PT-BR">(Burm.) <span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal; mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:HI; mso-bidi-font-style:italic" lang="EN-GB">Moore</span></span></span>

9-13<span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-bidi-font-family:mangal;mso-ansi-language:pt-br;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:hi"="" lang="PT-BR">Hemionitis arifolia (Burm.) <span style="font-size:11.0pt; font-family:" times="" new="" roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-bidi-font-family:mangal;mso-ansi-language:en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:hi;mso-bidi-font-style:italic"="" lang="EN-GB">Moore of family Hemionitidaceae is one of the endemic and widely distributed species on Tirumala hills of Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India. Ethnomedicinally, the genus is important and popularly known as Ramabanum. It has been used in burns, menstrual disorders, anti-flatulence and antifertility.<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"> Eight&nbsp; different organic solvents were used to extract the bioactive compounds from the whole plant to screen the phytochemical and antibacterial activity against infectious disease causing bacterial pathogens such as Enterobacter aerogens, Klebsiella pnemoniae, Salmonella paratyphi A, Ralstonia eutropha, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi B, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus sphericus, Bacillus sterothermophilus and Micrococcus luteus<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;mso-bidi-font-style:italic"> <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">by agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoid, steroids and glycosides along with reducing sugar in all the extracts investigated. Gram-negative bacteria such as Salmonella typhi, S. paratyphi A and Enterobacter aerogens were more susceptible to the crude extracts than Gram-positive bacteria. Hence, at any rate Hemionitis arifolia is an attractive material for further research leading to possible drug development.</span

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Schizophyllum radiatum HE 863742.1: their characterization and antimicrobial activity

Development of reliable and eco-friendly process for synthesis of silver nanoparticles is an important step in the field of application in nanotechnology. One of the options to achieve this objective is to use natural biological processes. They have an advantage over conventional methods involving chemical agents associated with environmental toxicity. This study demonstrates the extra-cellular synthesis of stable silver nanoparticles using the white rot fungus, Schizophyllum radiatum with GenBank Accession no HE 863742.1. The supernatant of the seed media obtained after separating the cells has been used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The morphology and structure of synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, UV–visible spectrum of the aqueous medium containing silver ion showed a peak in the range of 420–430 nm corresponding to the Plasmon absorbance of silver nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy micrograph showed formation of well-dispersed silver nanoparticles in the range of 10–40 nm. The effect of different carbon sources and the time taken for formation particles and the anti-microbial activity of synthesized nanoparticles were carried and compared with silver nitrate solution and with standard streptomycin. The process of reduction being extra-cellular and fast may lead to the development of an easy bioprocess for synthesis of silver nanoparticles